Marginalia3. Papistes executed, Powell, Fetherstone, and Abell. 1540.
1541.
The names of whom although it were not necessary to expresse, yet being compelled for the settyng forth of the truth of the story, we haue thought good here to annexe, as the certeintie therof came to our handes.
Prote- stantes. | MarginaliaThe Coūsaile diuided in religion.Canterbury. Suffolke. Vicount Beaw- champ. Vicount Lisle. Russell Treasurer. Pagyt. Sadler. Audeley. | Papi- stes. | VVynchester. Duresme. Norfolke. Southampton. Anthony Brovvne. VVilliam Paulet. Iohn Baker. Richard Chaunc. of the augmentation. VVingfield Vic. Chaūc. |
This diuision and separation of the Councell amongest them selues, caused both these partes aboue mentioned, þe one for one religiō, þe other for an other, to suffer together. For as the one part of the Councell called vpon þe executiō of Barnes, Garret, & Hierome, so þe other part likewyse called vpō the execution of the law vpon Powell, Fetherstone, & Abell. MarginaliaTwo together layde vpon the hyrdle: the one a Papiste the other a Protestant.Which sixe beyng condemned and drawen to the place of executiō, ij. vpon an hyrdle, one beyng a Papist, the other a Protestant, thus after a straunge maner were brought into Smithfield, where all the sayd sixe together for contrary doctrine suffered death, three by the fire for the Gospell, the other three by hangyng, drawyng, and quarteryng for Popery.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaAlane Cope.Allen Cope
Nicholas Harpsfield, in his Dialogi Sex contra ... Pseudomartyres (Antwerp, 1566). This section was first introduced in 1570 and remained unchanged thereafter.
Marginalia14. neyther good Martyrs to God, nor good subiectes to the kyngs.Iohn Houghton. Robert Laurence. Aug. Webster. Reynald of Syon. Iohn Haile. Iohn Rochester. Iac. Wannere. | Iohn Stone. Iohn Trauerse. William Horne. Powell. Fertherstone. Abell. |
Beside these were other ix. Cartusian Monkes which died in þe prison at Newgate. To the which nūber if ye adde M. More, and the Bishop of Rochester, the summa totalis commeth to 24. whom the said Cope vniustly crowneth for Martyrs. But of these more shall be sayd (the Lord willyng) hereafter.
Thus hauyng discoursed the order of the vj. Articles, with other matter likewise folowyng in the nexte Parlament, concerning the condemnation of the Lord Cromwell, of Doct. Barnes, and his felowes. &c. Let vs now (procedyng further in this hystorie) consider what great disturbance and vexation ensued after the settyng forth of the sayd Articles
Foxe's account of the persecution under the Act of Six Articles is immensely valuable, preserving material known through no other source, but it is also vitiated with problems. In 1563, his material on this subject was scattered, scrappy and full of errors. Its main feature is a long and miscellaneous list of names, at 1563, pp. 418-20, which draw from across Henry VIII's reign. Of four more specific cases about which he gives a little more detail (at 1563 pp. 613, 621), one is badly misplaced chronologically, and another confuses the identity of one of the victims.This limited material was entirely rewritten and greatly extended in 1570, and thereafter remained unchanged. Access to the bishop of London's register, to other London diocesan records which no longer survive, and, apparently, to the testimony of jurors involved in trying particular cases, gave Foxe materials for a much more detailed account of persecution in the late 1530s and early 1540s. The main problem with this material, as so often with Foxe, is chronology: dates are confused, separate events are shoehorned together, and (in some cases) errors in 1563 are compounded in an attempt to resolve them.The centrepiece of this account is a list of 196 Londoners arrested for heresy (1570, pp 1376-80; 1576, pp. 1174-7; 1583, pp. 1202-6). On the problems of sourcing and dating this list, see C237/20.Alec Ryrie
[Back to Top]It is possible that Foxe's records did provide evidence of Six Articles commissions beyond London diocese, and no doubt such commissions were issued, but no direct evidence of them survives down to the present, and it is plausible that Foxe's vague and sweeping wording here conceals the fact that he had no direct evidence either.
[Back to Top]Taken from the register of Edmund Bonner, bishop of London: Guildhall Library, London, MS 9531/12 fo. 18v.
MarginaliaCommission directed to Edm. Boner Bishop of Lōdon from the kyng.HEnry the eight by the grace of God, kyng of Englād & of Fraunce, defender of the fayth, Lord of Ireland, and in earth supreme head of the Churche of England, vnto the Reuerend father in Christ Edm. Boner Byshop of London, & to his welbeloued the Bishops Chauncellour, health. Know ye that we haue giuen you ioyntly and seuerally power and authoritie to receaue the othes of William Roche Maior of London, Iohn Allen knyght, Raffe Warren knight, Richard Greshā knyght, Roger Chomely knight, sergeant at law, Iohn Gresham, Michael Dormer Archdeacon of London, the Byshops Commissary and Official, Robert Chidley, Gwy Crayford, Edward Hall, Robert Broke, and Iohn Morgan and euery of them our Commissioners for heresies & other offences done within our Citie of London, and Dioces of the same, accordyng to the tenour of a certain schedule hereunto annexed. And therefore we commaunde you, that you receyue the othes aforesaid, and whē you haue receiued them, to certifie vs into our Chauncery vnder your Seales, returning this our writte. T. meipso. at Westminster the 29. of Ianuary in the 32.
That is, 29 January 1541. This appears to be the basis for Foxe's misdating of most of the material that follows to 1541.
What the othe was of these Commissioners, wherunto they were bounde,MarginaliaRead before pag. 1297. read before, pag. 1297. col. 2.
Foxe's source for this detailed account of Mekins' abortive trial is unclear. The broad outline of events is widely attested, in, for example, Bale, The Epistle exhortatorye, fo. 8v. This circumstantial account, however, appears to come from someone involved in the legal process. One or both of the two jurors who are mentioned by name - W. Robins and Rafe Foxley - may have been Foxe's informants. Robins is likely the same William Robins, mercer, who in 1537 witnessed the will of Humphrey Monmouth, Tyndale's patron. John Strype, Ecclesiastical Memorials, relating chiefly to Religion and the Reformation of it (Oxford, 1822), vol. I/ii p. 374.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaThe story of Rich. Mekins cōdemned by Boner.Vpon this commisson geuen vnto Edmund Boner, hee comming to the Guilde hall with other Commissioners, to sit vpon the statute of the. vj. articles, began eftsones to put in execution his authoritie after a rigorous sort, as ye shall heare. And first he charged certaine Iuries, to take their oth vpon þe statute aforesayd: who being sworne had a day appoynted to geue
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