Marginalia1555. May.ther, because this word is often tymes taken of the holy fathers, not onely for the bread and wyne, but also for the whole administratiō and receiuing of the same, according to Christes institution: so I say, that MarginaliaSacramētall presence in the sacrament.Christ is present spiritually to, and in all them which worthely receiueth the sacrament: So that my denyall is still of the real, carnall, and corporall presence in the Sacrament,MarginaliaCarnall presence in the Sacrament denyed. & not of the sacramentall nor spirituall presence.

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This haue I thought good to adde to my former aūswere, because no man should mysunderstand it.

By me Iohn Cardmaker.

Next to these articles of M. Cardmaker, I thought best to inferre the articles and aunsweres lykewyse of Iohn Warne hys Martyrfelow, in maner as foloweth.

MarginaliaArticles agaynst Io. Warne vpholster in Walbroke.FIrst, that thou Iohn Warne, being of the age of. xxix. yeares, and of the parish of S. Iohn in Walbroke of London, hast beleued and doest beleue firmely and stedfastly, that in the sacrament, commonly called the sacrament of the aultar, there is not the very true and natural body of our Sauior Christ in substance, vnder the formes of bread and wyne.

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Item, that thou hast beleued, and doest beleue that after the wordes of consecration spoken by the Priest, MarginaliaAgaynst transubstantiation.ther is not (as the church of England doth beleue and teach) the body of Christ: but that there doth onely remayne the substance of materiall bread, as it is before the consecration, or speaking of the wordes of consecration: & that the sayd bread is in no wyse altered or chaunged.

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Item, that thou hast sayd, and doest beleue, MarginaliaAgainst the sacrifice of the Masse.that if the catholicke church do beleue and teach, that there is in the Masse (nowe vsed in England and in other places of Christendome) a sacrifice wherein there is a sacrament conteining the body and bloud of Christ, really and truly: then that beliefe and fayth of the church is nought, & against Gods truth and the scripture.

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Item, that thou hast sayd: MarginaliaHeresy for laughing at a Spaniell shorne in the head.That where, about a. xij. moneth agone and more, a great rough waterspaniell of thine was shorne in the head, and had a crowne like a Priest made in the same, thou diddest laugh at it and like it, though thou dyddest it not thy selfe, nor knowest who dyd it.

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Item, that thou, neyther thys Lent last past, nor at any tyme synce the Queenes maiestes raigne, hast come into the church, or heard Masse, or ben confessed or receaued the sacrament of the aultar: and hast sayd, that thou art not sory that thou hast so done, but thou art glad, because thou hast not therewith defiled thy consciēce, which otherwyse thou shouldest so haue done.  

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Vpon all which articles Iohn Warne beyng examined by the said Boner, in presence of diuers witnesses, the. 23. of May. an. 1555. dyd confesse and beleue the same, and subscribe hereunto his name wyth his own hand.

By me Iohn Warne.

Also it was obiected agaynst the sayd Iohn Warne by the bishop aforesayd, as followeth.

MarginaliaAn other addition of articles.  

Item,   that thou Iohn Warne wast in tyme past here in the Citie of London, cōuented in the Guildhall for heresie agaynst the Sacrament of the aultar, accordyng to the order of the lawes of this Realme of England, in the tyme of kyng Henry the viij. and when Alderman Barnes was Shrieffe, and the Thursday after that Anne Askue was burnt in Smithfield:MarginaliaIo. Warne about the tyme of Anne Askew was condemned to be burned, and had his pardon. and therupon thou was sent as a prisoner to Newgate: to whom Edmond Byshop of London did repayre with his Chaplayns to instruct thee in the true faith of Christ, touchyng the sayd Sacrament of the aultar, and to bryng thee from thy errour, which was, that in the Sacrament of the aultar there is not the body of Christ, nor any corporall presence of Christes body and bloud, vnder the formes of bread and wine: but that in the sayd Sacrament, there is onely materiall bread & wyne, without any substaunce of Christes body and bloud at all, and because thou wouldest not leaue and forsake thy sayd heresie therin, but persiste and abyde obstinately & wilfully therin, thou wert accordyng to the sayd lawes condemned to death, and to be brent: and therupon labour beyng made for thee to the king

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and other in the Court, thou haddest a pardon of kyng Henry the viij.MarginaliaIohn Warne pardoned by K. Henry. 8. and so therby diddest saue thy life: Neuertheles in thy hart, conscience and minde, thou diddest both then, and also afore, beleue no otherwise thē at this present thou doest beleue: that is to say, that in the Sacrament of the aultar, there is neither the very true body or bloud of Christ, nor no other substaūce, but the substance of materiall bread and wine: and to receaue the sayd materiall bread & wyne, and to breake it, and to distribute it among the people, onely is the true receiuing of Christes body and no otherwise: So that thy fayth and belief is, that in the sayd Sacrament, MarginaliaIohn Warne denyeth transubstantiation.there is no substaunce of Christes material body and bloud: but all the thyng that is there, is materiall bread, and the receiuyng therof as afore: and that the substance of the naturall and true body of Christ borne of the virgin Mary, is onely in heauē, and not in the Sacrament of the aultar. In which thyne opinion thou hast euer hetherto since continued, and so doest continue at this present, thou confessyng all this to be true, and in witnes therof subscribing thy name therunto as foloweth.

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By me Iohn Warne.  

MarginaliaThe playne aunswere of Iohn Warne to the articles.Iohn Warne being examined vpon these foresayd articles by the bishop before certaine witnesses,  

whose names were Iohn Boswel, Iohn Heywood, Rob. Rauens, the. xxiij. day of May, dyd aunswere to the same, confessing and graunting the articles, and the contents thereof to be true, according as they were obiected in euery part, subscribing also the same wyth hys hand. Such strength and fortitude Gods holy spirit wrought in hym, to stand stoutly and confidently to the defence of the sincere doctrine of hys sonne.

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Whereupon the bishop exhorting hym wyth many wordes to leaue his heresies (as he called them) and to returne to the bosome of hys mother the holy Church, commaunded hym to appeare againe the next day, being the. xxiiij. of the same moneth.

MarginaliaThe second session agaynst Iohn Warne.Who so doing (and aunswering as he did before) was willed to come thither againe at afternone, and so he did: where and at what tyme hee was earnestly exhorted by the sayd Byshop to recant his opinions. To whō he aunswered, that he would not depart frō his receiued profession vnlesse he were therunto thorowly perswaded by the holy scriptures.

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MarginaliaThe third Session. May. 25.Vppon which aunswere hee was willed to come agayne the next day, being the. xxv. day of the same moneth,  

at one of the clocke in the after noone. At which day and houre the Byshop examined him agayne vpon all his former articles before obiected, to the which he most constantly did sticke,MarginaliaIohn Warne constant agaynst the Bishops perswasions. with this farther aunswere therunto added: I am perswaded (quoth he) to be in the right opinion, and that I see no cause to repent: for all filthines and idolatry is in the church of Rome.

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The bishop then  

seing, that notwithstanding all hys fayre promises and terrible thretninges (whereof hee vsed store) hee could not any thing preuaile: finished thys examination with MarginaliaSentence geuen agaynst Iohn Warne.the definitiue sentence of condemnation pronounced against the said Iohn Warne, and so charged the Shiriffes of London wyth him, vnder whose custody he remayned in the prison of Newgate, vntil the. xxx. day of the same moneth of May.

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Vpon the which MarginaliaMay. 30. Cardmaker and Iohn Warne brought to execution.30. of May, beyng the day appointed for their execution, Iohn Cardmaker with the sayd Iohn Warne, were brought by the Shriffes to þ^e place where they should suffer. Who beyng come to þ^e stake, first the Shriffes called Cardmaker aside and talked with hym secretly, so long, that in the meane tyme Warne had made his prayers, MarginaliaIohn Warne tyed to the stake.was chained to the stake, and had wood and reede set about him, so that nothyng wanted, but the fyryng: but still aboad Cardmaker talkyng with the Shrieffes.  

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MarginaliaThe people afrayd of Cardmakers recanting.The people which before had heard that Cardmaker would recant, and beholding this maner of doyng, were in a meruelous dumpe and sadnes, thinkyng in deede that Cardmaker should now recant at the burnyng of Warne. At length Cardmaker departed from the Shrieffes, and came towardes the stake and (in his

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