1570 Edition | Book 11 | Page 1899 
MarginaliaAn. 1555. Iuly.WE Maurice by the sufferaunce of God Byshop of Rochester procedyng of our mere office in a cause of heresie, against thee Margery Polley of the Parish of Pepyngbery of our Dioces and Iurisdiction of Rochester, do lay and obiect against thee all and singular these articles insuing. To the which, and to euery parcel of them, we require of thee a true, full, and playne aunswere, by vertue of thyne othe therupon to be giuen. &c.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaThe condemnation of Margery Polley.Thus the oth first beyng ministred, and the Articles commenced against her, which Articles were the same ministred to Nicol. Halle and Wayde before, she so framed her aunswers agayne especially aunswering to the third and forth Article, that she neither alowed the deity of their Sacrament, nor the absurditie of theyr Masse. For the which, Sentence was red agaynst her about the begynnyng of Iune,
CloseShe was condemned on 7 June 1555 (PRO C/85/144, fo. 33r).
Close
CloseThe only information on this pair in the Rerum is a note stating that John Launder was burned at Steyning, Sussex, and 'Dirickius Harmonus' was burned at Lewes, both in July 1555 (p. 510). [Foxe's source apparently confused Dirick Carver with Richard Harmon, another Sussex protestant, who was committed to the King's Bench in May 1554; see APC V, p. 128]. In the 1563 edition, Foxe had written his complete account of Carver and Launder. It was largely based on official records of the London diocese, now lost, but also, for its account of the despoiling of Carver's family, his learning to read English and of Carver's execution, on personal testimony or testimonies. The account was unchanged in subsequent editions.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaIuly. 22. and 23. MarginaliaDiricke Caruer, and Ioh. Launder, Martyrs.THe. 22. day of this moneth of Iuly was burned at Lewes, within the County of Sussex, one Diricke Caruer, late of þe parish of Brighthāsted in the same countie. And the next day (being the. xxiij. day of the same moneth) was also burned at Stening an other named Iohn Launder, late of Godstone, in the county of Surrey. Which two men were (with others) about the end of the moneth of October. an. 1554. apprehended by MarginaliaEdward Gage gentlemā, persecutor.Edward Gage gentleman, as they were at prayer within the dwelling house of the sayd Diricke: and by him were sent vp vnto the Queenes Counsayle. Who, after examination, sent them as prisoners to Newgate, there to attend the leasure of Boner bishop of London.
CloseCarver and Launder were the first protestants from the diocese of Chichester to be tried for heresy. Technically they should have been tried by the bishop of Chichester, but at that moment the office was vacant. As a substitute, they were sent to Bonner, who really had no jurisdiction in the matter.
[Back to Top]directly to aunswere thereunto: which Articles they confessed to bee true, referring them selues chiefly to their former confessions.
This done, after long persuasions and fayre exhortations, they were demaunded whether they woulde stand to their aunsweres. To whom Launder sayd: I wyll neuer go from these aunswers, so long as I lyue. The other also confirmed the same, and therfore they were commaūded to appeare againe before the bishop in the Consistory at Paules, the. x. day of the same moneth next following. Which articles and confessions, with the afore mentioned letter doe here ensue.
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CloseThis letter must have been copied at Bonner's orders into his diocesan records, probably into a court book which is now lost.
AFter my right harty commendations to your good Lordship, I shall not forget your liuery of blacke against this time:
CloseAs Foxe explains in a marginal gloss, the court was wearing black due to the recent death of King Philip's grandmother Juana.
And ye haue sent Bradford to Newgate, as a man determined of heresy before you: but as I perceiue he haue not sent me a Significauit,
CloseI.e., a significavit of excommunication. This was the writ which a bishop was required to send to Chancery, notifying them that an individual had been sentenced to death for heresy and turned over to the secular authorities.
There be diuers like prisoners that came frō Sussex, that be not yet examined before you, lying now in Newgate,MarginaliaHe meaneth Diricke Caruer, and I. Launder. which must be examined by you, since they be come to London, and so I pray you they may be,MarginaliaLord Treasurer calleth vpon Boner for examination of these 2. persons. & I certified of your procedings, that I may follow, which I shal do, thanking your lordship hartely for my Conies, trusting to recompence your Lordship againe shortly with twise as many. From my house this. vij. of Iune. 1555.
[Back to Top]Your louing friend, Winchester.
CloseWilliam Paulet, the marquis of Winchester, not Stephen Gardiner, the bishop of Winchester.
CloseThis confession was copied by Foxe from an official record which is now lost. But by a stroke of luck, we know that Foxe did not reprint this document with complete fidelity. The catholic polemicist Miles Hogarde recorded that Carver stated that a person might be a Christian without baptism and that it was only an external sign (Miles Hogarde, The Displaying of the Protestants [London, 1556], STC 13557, fos. 10r-11r). Note that Foxe does not print an article on baptism by Carver or Launder, but he does print one by Thomas Iveson; this is further evidence that Foxe censored Carver's and Lander's radical opinions on baptism.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaDiricke Caruer, his confession.DIricke Caruer Berebrewer of Brighthamsted, in the county of Sussex, where he hath dwelled by the space of eight or nyne yeares, borne in the village of Dilson by Stockome in the land of Luke,
CloseDilsom, near Stockem, in the region of Liége, Flanders.
MarginaliaThe vse and sacrifice of the Lattin Masse denied.Item being examined concerning the Masse in latin, now vsed in the church of England, he beleueth that there is no sacrifice in the sayd Masse, and that there is in it no saluation for a Christian man, except it should be sayd in the mother tonge, that he might vnderstand it: and concerning the ceremonies of the Church, hee sayeth and beleueth, that they bee not profitable to a Christian man.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaAuricular confession and absolution of the priest reiected.Item, being examined concerning Auricular confession, he aunswereth: that he hath and doth beleue that it is necessary to go to a good Priest for good counsaile, but the absolution of the Priest, laying his hand vpon any mans head as is now vsed, is nothing profitable to a Christians mans saluation. And further he sayth, that hee hath not bene confessed, nor receyued the Sacrament of the aultar, since the coronation of the Queene that now is.
[Back to Top]Item, concerning the faith and religion, now taught set forth, and beleued in the church of England, he an-