The 1563 account of persecution at Lichfield was based entirely on recordsof the diocese of Coventry and Lichfield. In 1570, one story was dropped and replaced with a story of the death of Thomas Flier, which came from individual informants.
MarginaliaIune. 14.IN þe dioces of Lichfield, about þe 14. of Iune, in þe same yere, Ioh. Colstoke,
One John Colstock signed the confession issued by Richard Woodman in the King's Bench in 1555 (Gonville and Caius MS 218, p. 30). If it is the same man, he was in prison in London in 1555.
Amongest diuers other which in the same Dioces and the same tyme were suspected and troubled for the lyke, was Tho. Flyer Vttoxater Shomaker, Nicholas Ball of Vttoxater Capper, Thomas Pyot of Chedull. MarginaliaMarying in Lent punished.Item Henry Crimes, for marying hys wife on Palmesonday euen. &c. Some other also there were which had the like penance enioyned thē, MarginaliaIune. 26. Thomas Iohnson for swearing by the holy Masse, dyd penance.as Thomas Iohnson, about þe xxvj. day of this moneth of Iune, because he sware by the holy Masse before the Byshop sittyng in iudgement: who for the same was driuen to go before the crosse with his Taper and beades &c.
[Back to Top]This account of Thomas Flier's death replaced an account in the 1563 edition in which Thomas Barnes and Alice Birch were forced to do penance for denouncing the mass.
This account first appeared in the 1563 edition; no changes were made to it in subsequent editions.
MarginaliaIune. 27. Thomas Parret.AFter the burnyng of these in Stratford, the same moneth dyed in the prison of the Kynges Bench in Southwarke one Tho. Parret,
Thomas Parret signed a confession of faith drawn up Richard Woodman in the King's Bench in 1555 (Gonville and Caius MS 128, p. 30). Obviously Parret had been detained in prison for some time.
The entire account of these three martyrs first appeared in the 1563 edition and it was unchanged in subsequent editions. Despite the fact that Foxe clearly had access to the official records of their trials (the condemnations of Bernard, Foster and Lawson survive among Foxe's papers as BL, Harley MS 421, fos. 164r-165v and 179r-180r), he relied on individual informants for these accounts.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaIune. 30. MarginaliaRoger Bernard, Martyr.AFter the death of the aforesayd Tho. Parret, Martin Hunt, and Ioh. Norice, were three Martyred at S. Edmondes Bury in Suffolke in one fire, whose names are here vnder specified:
Roger Bernard.
Adam Foster.
Robert Lawson.
VVHen Roger Bernard came before the Byshop, first he was asked whether he had bene with the Priest at Easter to be shriuen, and whether he had receiued the blessed Sacrament of the aultar or no. Vn-
to whom Roger Bernard aunswered no: MarginaliaRoger Bernard refuseth auricular confession.I haue not bene with the Priest, nor confessed my selfe vnto hym, but I haue cōfessed my sinnes vnto almighty God, and I trust he hath forgeuen me: wherfore I shall not neede to go to the Priest for such matters, who can not helpe him selfe.
[Back to Top]Byshop. Surely Bernard thou must nedes go and confesse thy selfe vnto hym.
Roger. That shall I not do (by Gods grace) while I lyue.
Bysh. What a stoute boyly hereticke is this? how malipertly he aunswereth.
Ro. My Lord, it greeueth me not one whit (I thāke God) to be called hereticke at your handes: for so your forefathers called the Prophetes and Confessors of CHRIST, long before this time.
At these wordes the Bishop rose vp in a great heate, and bad Bernard folow him. Then þe Byshop wēt and kneeled before that they call the Sacrament of the aultar, and as he was in his prayers kneelyng, he looked backe, and asked Bernard why he came not, and did as he did. Vnto whom Bernard aunswered: I cā not tell why I should so do. Why (quoth the Byshop) thou lewde felow, whom seest thou yonder, poyntyng to the pyx ouer the aultar?
[Back to Top]Roger. I see no body there: do you my Lord?
Bish. Why naughty man, doest þu not see thy maker?
Roger. My maker? No, I see nothyng but a fewe cloutes hangyng together on a heape. With that the Byshop rose vp sore displeased, MarginaliaNote the catholicke charitie of this prelate.and commaunded the Gailor to take him away, and to lay yrons enough on him: For (quoth he) I wil tame him or he go from me, I trow so: and so he was caried away.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaAn other examination of Roger Bernard.THe next day Bernard was brought agayne before the bishop, who asked him if he dyd not remember hym selfe since the day before that he was before hym.
Roger. Yes my Lord, I haue remembred my selfe very well, for the same man I was yesterdaye, I am this day, and I hope I shall bee all the dayes of my lyfe, concerning the matter you talked with me of.
MarginaliaOne of the Garde taketh Bernard to schole.Then one of the Garde standing by, said: my Lord I pray you trouble not your selfe any more with hym, but let me haue the examining of hym: I shall handle him after another sort, I trow, and make him a fayre childe or he go, you shall see. So was he committed to hym, and brought by him to an Inne, MarginaliaA wholesome company of Caterpillers.where were a great many of Priestes assembled together, and there they fell all in flattering him, and perswading him with gay intising wordes what they could: but when therein they might not preuayle, for that the Lord assisted the good poore man, then began they to threaten him with whipping, stocking,burning, and such lyke, that it was wonderfull the do they made with hym. Vnto whom Bernard sayd: frendes, I am not better then my Master CHRIST, and the Prophetes, which your fathers serued after such sort, and I for his names sake am content to suffer the lyke at your hands if God shall so permit, trusting that he will strengthen me in the same according to his promise, in spite of þe deuill & all his ministers. So when they could not make him to relent or yeld, they sayd: behold a right scholer of Ioh. Fortune: whom they had then in prison. MarginaliaRoger Bernard condemned by þe B. of Norwich.Then caryed they him to the B. who immediately condemned him as an hereticke, and deliuered him to the secular power.
[Back to Top]This Roger Bernard was a single man, and by hys vocatiō a labourer, dwelling in Fransden in Suffolke, MarginaliaBernard taken by Master Tamages men.Who was taken in the night by master Tamages men because he would not go to church to heare their vnsauery seruice, and so by them caryed to pryson.
This little narrative, significantly, has far less to do with the martyrdom of Foster than with the providential punishment of George Revet for his sins. Like the story of Gregory Crow, this reflects Foxe's deep concern to depict divine justice rewarding the good and punishing the evil.
Foxe got the year of Foster's and Lawson's executions wrong; because they were condemned in 1556, he assumed that they were executed that year. But the writs authorizing their executions were dated 3 December 1556 which means that they were executed on 30 June 1557.
MarginaliaIune. 30. MarginaliaAdam Foster, Martyr.ADam Foster of the age of. xxvj. yeares, husbandman, being maried, dwelling in Mendlesam in the county of Suffolke, was taken at home in his house a