Thematic Divisions in Book 4
1. Lanfranc2. Gregory VII3. William the Conqueror4. William Rufus5. Henry I6. Stephen and Henry II7. Frederick Barbarossa8. Thomas Becket9. Becket's letters10. Becket's martyrdom and miracles11. Events of 1172-7812. Waldensians13. Other incidents of Henry II's reign14. First year of Richard I's reign15. Strife at Canterbury16. Richard I and Third Crusade17. William Longchamp18. King John19. Henry III's early reign20. Innocent III and mendicant orders21. Papal oppression of the English Church22. Albigensian Crusade23. Hubert de Burgh24. Gregory IX25. Schism between Greek and Latin Church26. Papal exactions from England27. Louis IX on Crusade28. Frederick II29. Opponents of Papacy30. Robert Grosseteste31. Aphorisms of Robert Grosseteste32. Persecution of Jews33. Papal oppression and Alexander IV34. Conflicts in universities and mendicant orders35. Henry III and the barons36. Battle of Lewes37. Battle of Evesham38. End of baronial war39. Ecclesiastical matters and Edward prince of Wales goes on crusade40. Foreign events in Henry III's reign41. First seven years of Edward I's reign42. War with Scotland43. Philip IV and Boniface VIII44. Events of 1305-745. Cassiodorous's letter46. Pierre de Cugniere47. Death of Edward I48. Piers Gaveston49. The Despensers and the death of Edward II50. John XXIII and Clement VI51. Rebellion in Bury St. Edmunds52. Edward III and Scotland53. Edward III and Philip VI54. Edward III and Archbishop Stratford55. Events of 1341-556. Outbreak of the Hundred Years War57. Anti-papal writers58. Quarrel among mendicants and universities59. Table of the Archbishops of Canterbury
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355 [346]

K. Henry the. 3. Romysh oppressours. Strife for sitting. Cadinal Otho. Actes and Mon. of the church.

facta distributione honorum suorum, et ab Abbate tātundem. That is: We require to be geuē vnto vs first, of all Cathedrall churches two Prebends, one for the bishops part, the other for the Chapter. And likewise of Monasteries, where be diuers portiōs, one for the Abbot, another for the couent: Of the couent, so much as appertayned to one monke, the portion of the goods being proportionly deuided: Of þe abbot likewise as much. MarginaliaNote the cause why the pope is cōpelled to craue mony of other coūtryes.The cause why he required these prebendes was this. It hath bene sayth he, an old slaunder, and a greate complaint against the church of Rome, to be noted of insatiable coueteousnes, which as ye know, is the roote of all mischief: and all by reason that causes be wont commonly not to bee handled, nor to proceede in the church of Rome without great giftes and expence of mony. Wherof, seyng the pouerty of the church is the cause, & why it is so slaūdered and ill spoken of: it is therfore conuenient, that you (as natural children) should succoure your mother. For vnlesse wee should receiue of you and of other good mē as you are: we should then lacke necessaries for our life, which were a great dishonour to our dignitie, &c.

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When those petitions and causes of the Legate were propounded in the foresaide assemblie at Westminster on the popes behalf (the bishops and prelates of þe realme being present) answer was made by the mouthe of maister Iohn Bedford, on thys wyse: That the matter there proponed by the L. Legate, in especiall concerned the king of England, but in generall it toucheth all the archbishops wyth their suffraganes, the bishops and all the prelates of the Realme. Wherfore, seyng both the kyng by reason of hys sicknes is absent, and the archbishop of Canterburye wt diuers other bishops also were not there: therfore in þe absence of thē they had nothyng to say in the matter, neither could they so doe wythout preiudice of them which were lacking. And so the assemble for that tyme brake vp.

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Not long after, the sayd Otho Cardinall De carcere Tulliano, comming agayne frō Rome cum autentico plenariæ potestatis, MarginaliaA counsell at London called.indicted an other councel at Lōdon: caused all prelates, archbishops, bishops, abbots, priors, and other of the clergy to be warned vnto the same councel, to be had in the churche of S. Paules at London, about the feast of S. Martin: the pretēce of which councel was for redresse of matters concerning benefices and religion, but þe chiefe & principall was to hunte for mony. For putting them in feare and in hope, some to lose, some to obteine spirituall promotions at his hande, he thought gaine would rise therby, and so it did. For in the meane time (as Parisiensis in vita Henrici. 3. writeth) MarginaliaGreat rewardes geuen to the Cardinall.diuers pretious rewards were offered him in Palfreis, in rich plate and iewels, in costly and sumpetous garmentes richly furred, in coyne, in vitals. &c. In somuch that onely the bishop of Wint. (as the story reporteth) hearyng that he would winter at London, sent him L. fat Oxen, an C. coome of pure wheate, 8. tunne of chosen Wine, toward his house keping. Likewise other Bishops also for their part offred vnto þe Cardinals boxe, after theyr habilitie.

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The time of the councel drawyng nye: the cardinall cōmaunded at the West end of Paules churche an high and solemne throne to be prepared, rising vp with a glorious scaffold vpō mightye & substantiall stagiers strōgly builded, and of a great height. Thus agaynst the day assigned, came the sayd archbyshop, bishops, abbots and other of the prelacy, both far and nere thoroughout all Englād, weried and vexed with winters iorney, bringing their letters procuratory. MarginaliaContention for sitting on the ryght hand of the Cardinall.Who being together assēbled, the cardinall beginneth his sermon. But before we come to the sermon. There happened a great discord betwene the two archbishops of Cāterbury and of Yorke, for sitting at the right hand and left hād of the glorious cardinall: for the whiche the one appealed agaynst the other. The cardinall to pacifie þe strife betwen thē both, so þt he would not derogate frō eyther of thē, brought fortha certain Bull of the pope: in the middest of which Bull was pictured the figure of the crosse. On the right side of the crosse stoode þe image of S. Paul, & on the left side, S. Peter. Loe saith þe cardinall (holding opē the Bul with þe crosse) here you see S. Peter on the left hād of the crosse, and S. Paul on the right side, and yet is there betwene these two no contention. For both are of equall glorye. And yet S. Peter (for the prerogatiue of hys keyes, and for the preheminence of hys Apostleship and Cathedrall dignity) semeth most worthy to be placed on the right side. MarginaliaWhy sainct Paule standeth on the right hād of the popes crosse.But yet, because S. Paule beleued on Christ, when he saw him not, therfore hath he þe right hand of þe crosse: for blessed be they, saith Christ, whiche beleue and see not. &c. MarginaliaWhy the Archbishop of Cant. hath the ryghthand and the Archb. of Yorke the left hand.And from þt time forth, the archbishop of Canterburye inioyed the right hande, and the archbishop of Yorke, the left. Wherin yet, this Cardinall is more to be commended then the other cardinall Hugo, mētioned a litle before. pag. 292. which in the lyke contention betwene these archbishops, ranne his way.

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Thus the controuersie ceased, and composed betwene these two: Otho the cardinall sitting a loft betwene these. ij. archbishops beginneth his sermō, taking his theme of the Prophet, MarginaliaNote the theme of the cardinal applyed to God how he applieth it to him selfe.In medio sedis, & in cirtuitu eius quatuor animalia plena, oculis ante et retro, &c. That is.

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In the middest of the seat, and in the circuite about the seat, were foure beasts ful of eyes before and behinde. &c. Vpon this theme, the cardinall proceded in hys sermon: sitting like a God in the midst. He compared them about him, to the foure beastes about the seat, declaryng howe they ought to haue eyes both before and behind (that is) þt they must be prouident in disposing of secular thinges, MarginaliaScripture clerklye applyed.and circumspecte in spirituall matters, continuyng and ioyning wisely thinges past with thinges to come, and this was the greatest effect of this clerkely sermon. That done, he geueth forth certaine statutes for orderyng of churches: as for the dedication of temples, for seuen sacramentes, for geuing of orders, for fermyng of benefices, collations and resignations of benefices and vicarages, priestes apparell, and single life, for eatyng of fleshe in religious houses, for archdeacons, bishops, proctors, & such other like matters. But the chiefest intent of all hys proceding was this: that they should be vigilant, prouident, and circumspect, with al their eyes (both before and behinde) to fil the popes pouche: as appeared not only by this, but all there other trauels besides. In so much, that the kyng dreading the displeasures of his commons for þe doings of þe legate, willed him to repaire home to Rome againe: but yet could not so be rid of him. For he, receyuing new commaūdementes from the pope: applyed his haruest, still glening and taking whatsoeuer he might scrape, writing and sending to bishops and archdeacons in this forme and tenour.

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Marginalia1240.
A letter of the cardinal to bishops and archdeacons. Censure of the church, wel applyed.
Otto miseratione diuina &c. discreto viro N. episcopo vel N. archidiacano sal. Cum necesse habeamus de mandato summi pontificis moram trahere in Anglis longiorem nec possimus propriis stipendiis militare, discretionem vestram, qua fungimur autoritate rogamus, vt procurationes uobis debitas in episcopatu, vel archidiaconatu, vestro colligi facias nostro nomine diligenter, eas quam citius poteritis nobis transmissuri, contradictores per censuram ecclesiasticam compescendo. MarginaliaFoure markes to be payd to the pope of euery procuration.Prouiso, quod quælibet procuratio summam 4 mercarum aliquatenus nō excedat, & vbi vna ecclesia non sufficiet ad procurationem huiusmodi habendam, duæ pariter vnam soluāt. Datum Lond. 15. Kal. Mart. Pont. D. Grego. Papæ 13.

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MarginaliaNote the crafty practyse of the Romishe prelates to proyle for money.And moreouer, note agayne the wicked and cursed traines of these Romishe rakehels: who to picke simple mēs purses, first send out their Friers and preachers to stirre vp in all places and countreys men to go fight against the Turkes. Whom, whē they haue once bound with a vowe, and signed them with the crosse: then send they their Buls to release them both of their labour, and

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their