Thematic Divisions in Book 4
1. Lanfranc2. Gregory VII3. William the Conqueror4. William Rufus5. Henry I6. Stephen and Henry II7. Frederick Barbarossa8. Thomas Becket9. Becket's letters10. Becket's martyrdom and miracles11. Events of 1172-7812. Waldensians13. Other incidents of Henry II's reign14. First year of Richard I's reign15. Strife at Canterbury16. Richard I and Third Crusade17. William Longchamp18. King John19. Henry III's early reign20. Innocent III and mendicant orders21. Papal oppression of the English Church22. Albigensian Crusade23. Hubert de Burgh24. Gregory IX25. Schism between Greek and Latin Church26. Papal exactions from England27. Louis IX on Crusade28. Frederick II29. Opponents of Papacy30. Robert Grosseteste31. Aphorisms of Robert Grosseteste32. Persecution of Jews33. Papal oppression and Alexander IV34. Conflicts in universities and mendicant orders35. Henry III and the barons36. Battle of Lewes37. Battle of Evesham38. End of baronial war39. Ecclesiastical matters and Edward prince of Wales goes on crusade40. Foreign events in Henry III's reign41. First seven years of Edward I's reign42. War with Scotland43. Philip IV and Boniface VIII44. Events of 1305-745. Cassiodorous's letter46. Pierre de Cugniere47. Death of Edward I48. Piers Gaveston49. The Despensers and the death of Edward II50. John XXIII and Clement VI51. Rebellion in Bury St. Edmunds52. Edward III and Scotland53. Edward III and Philip VI54. Edward III and Archbishop Stratford55. Events of 1341-556. Outbreak of the Hundred Years War57. Anti-papal writers58. Quarrel among mendicants and universities59. Table of the Archbishops of Canterbury
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K. Henry. 3. Friderick. 2. Pope Gregorie. 9.

haue destroyed the same. But vpon the hearyng of these good newes, he altereth hys purpose, and thinkyng to haue hereafter a more conueniēt tyme therunto, leadeth hys army towardes Rome: and in the way, he reconciled to him the citie Pisaurum. But Fanum, for that the townes men shut their gates and would not suffer þe emperour to come in, he tooke by force and destroyed. MarginaliaThe Emperour thinketh to make the pope affrayde.For the emperour seing, that neyther by petition made to þe pope, nor yet by hys lawfull excusation he could do any good wt hym: he thought, þt by his sodain cōming thether, and wt feare of the peril imminent, he myght be brought to some vniformitie, and caused to leaue of hys accustomed pertinacie. And although the emperor was to strōg for hym, yet for that he regarded nothyng more thē the publique tranquillitie of the empire, and that he myght then take the Tartarian warres in hand: if he could by any means conclude, he refused not so to intreat a peace wyth him as though he had bene both in force & fortune much hys inferiour.

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MarginaliaThe Turke inuadeth Christendome with a great and mightie power.Whilest that this ruffle was betwixt the Emperour and the pope, Ochodarius the Emperour of the Tartarians his sonne, with a great power and prouision made & inuaded the borders next adioynyng vnto hym, and there wanne Roxolanum, Bodolium, Mudanū, with diuers other cities, townes, and villages: destroying, wastyng, and burnyng the countreis all about, killyng and slayeng, man, woman, & child, sparing none of any sexe or age. At whose sodeyne inuasion, the people beyng in such feare & perplexitie (hauyng no Citie, no refuge, nor ayde to stand in defence for them) were fayne to leaue all that euer they had & disperse them selues into, woods, and fle into maryshes and mountanes, or where so euer any succor els, did offer it self to them. And by this time, the Tartarian hoste was come as farre as Vratislauia, wher Henricus of Polonia and the duke of Silesia with their armie met with them: MarginaliaThe vnmercifull crueltie & the great slaughter of the Turke of Christē mē.who for the inequalitie of the nomber and smal strength they were of, had soone an ouerthrowe, & almost all their souldiours being slayne, they them selues were takē and put to the sword. From thence, they came to Morauia, and frō thence to þe kyngdome of Boiemia: which countrey, while the kyng kept hym self in strong defenced fortes, and durst not come abroad: he inuaded & destroyed all Hungary, puttyng to flight and vāquishyng Colmānus the brother of Belus the fourth, kyng of Vngarie: by whom also, was great spoyle made in both the Pannonias, Mesiarum, Bulgaria, & Seruia. When Belus the king of Vngarie had gotten to Pola (whiche is a Citie of Histria) vnto Otho the duke of Dalmatia: MarginaliaThe king of Vngarie craueth aide of the Emperour for the which he offreth him hys land.He sent his legates to Friderick the Emperour, promising that if he would sēd him ayde that the Tartarians might be expelled: that Vngarie should euer after be vnder the iurisdictiō of the Emperour: which thyng if he refused to do, that then the same were in great daunger to be subiect to the Tartariās to the no litle perill of the hole Empire. And sayd further, that the cause wherfore he with more instance required the same, was: That so many Christian men and countreys, made such pitifull lamentation in this their great calamitie and miserie, and that there was none able to helpe them: whiche sayth he, is as great shame as may be to the hole Christian common state and Empire. And also sayd, þt if the malice of this barbarous people were not suppressed, that then he thought they would make inuasion vpon the Empire and prouinces of them same.

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The Emperour, although he thought it very requisite, that with all conuenient spede this mischief should be remedyed and preuented: MarginaliaThe pope will graunt to haue no peace.yet notwithstandyng, hys great enemie the pope with his confederates, was þe only let and hinderance therof. For when he saw and perceiued that he him selfe could do no good, and onely laboured in vayne in sekyng peace with the pope: he gaue commaundemēt to Boiemus and Boius, to intreat andpersuade with him: And (consideryng the imminent peril lyke to ensue by reason of such ciuile dissention to þe hole state of Christendome) that he would take vp and conclude a peace, and mitigate somwhat his fierie & wrathfull moode. Wherfore, when he saw further that neither by that meanes of intreatie nor any other, þe pope would desiste from his stubburne and malicious froward purpose: He writeth agayne to the kyng of Vngarie, that he was right sory & greatly lamēted theyr miserable state, and that he much desired to relieue the nede and necessitie he and all the rest stoode in. MarginaliaThe popes fault that the Turke is not resisted.But why that he could not redresse the same, nor stand him then in any stede, he blamed greatly the byshop of Rome: who refusing all in treatie of peace, could not without greate perill to hym self departe out of Italie: Least that whē he should come to the ayde of hym (by the popes mischeuous Imaginations) he should be in perill of losyng all at home. Notwithstandyng, he sent Conradus Cesar kyng of Bohemia and other princes more of Germanie, to resiste and withstād the enemie, as much as in them lay to do. The greate armie and nomber of such souldiours, as ware þe crosse by the popes assignemēt, deferred their iourney agaynst the Tartarians: and had commaundement giuē them by Albertus (the popes procurator) to tary and abyde at home till they should be called for, in battaile to fight agaynst the Emperour. This was the louing zeale and affection of the pope and his adherents (to conclude) in this tyme of calamitie towardes the Christian state & common wealth: MarginaliaThe pope had rather fyght against the amy, then agaynst the Turke.That he had rather bend his force & reuenge his malice vpon the Christian and good Emperour, then eyther he him selfe to withstand, or suffer and permit by conclusion of any profitable peace: that thys most bloudy and cruell Tartarian, should be let and restrayned from so great hauocke, spoyle, and slaughter of the Christen men. And yet forsoth, these men will seame to haue the greatest regarde of all other to the Christian preseruation, and thincke to haue the supremicie gyuen thē therin: what thyng els is this thē manifest mockerie and deceauyng of the people? But notwithstanding, euē in the middest of this spoyle & hauocke of Polonia, Boiemia, and Vngaria, was it determined: that at Libussa, the Princes confederate should be assembled about the deposing of the Emperour and creation of an other.

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But now, notwithstand the prouident foresight and wise policie of the Emperour (as you hard before) in restraining the passages both by the sea and land, who had speciall regard therunto, and gaue most straight charge that none should passe without priuie search and examination: MarginaliaThe Emperour as well in hys own person, as hys predecessours haue triall of the popes subtill practises.as one hauyng sufficient triall as well in hys owne person as by the example of hys predessours, what great mischiefe and dissention by their Legates euery waye sent out they had procured, both to the imperiall state and dignitie and to the whole countreye of Germanye: yet founde they such meanes, and wrought such pollicies, that they had not onely secret passage and repassage with their letters & Spials into all places of Christendome where they listed, but also so laboured the matter and handled the same: that the long continued leage of amitie betwene the Frenche Kyng and the Emperour whose predecessours as also they thē selues had many yeares reuerently obserued in Christian concord and vnitie: was by this seditious prelat and arrogant vicar of sathan, nowe either vtterly infringed or els in variable suspence: as by their letters eche to other, and here vnder ensuyng are to be read and sene: whiche for the more probabilitie of this hystorie of Fridericke (not beyng longe or greatly tedious) I thought meete here to intext and place.

¶ The Epistle of the French king to Fridericke the Emperour, touchyng the imprisonyng of certayne Cardinals of Fraunce.

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Hetherto
L.iij.