MarginaliaAn. 1291of Scotland: first by necesssity of the law, and by all their consents tooke full possession of the same. And that done, adiudged the right of the crowne to Iohn Bailol, who descended of the elder daughter of Dauid Earle of Huntingtō, brother to Dauid king of Scotland in the daies of king Henry the second. This Earle Dauid had three daughters, the first maryed to the lord Bailol, the secōd to Bruis, the thyrd to Hastinges: of whose bloud these forenamed Scottish lordes descended, whiche here contended for the succession. MarginaliaSyr Iohn Bayloll made king of Scotland by K. Edward.And therefore, albeit Robert Bruys was one degree neare to the kynges bloude, yet Iohn Bailoll because he descended of the eldest daughter, was adiudged and preferred to the crowne.

When these thinges were thus finished in Scotlād, and syr Iohn Bailol as most rightfull inheritour had receaued the crowne of Scotlande at the handes of kyng Edward thankfully: and for the same in the presence of the Barony of England and of Scotland, MarginaliaKing of Scots doth homage to the king of England.did vnto the sayd king Edward hys homage, and sware to hym fealtye: the Scots with their new king returned into Scotland, and kyng Edward remoued agayne to England.

MarginaliaThe falsenes of the Scottish kyng.But not long after, the falsenes of this Scottish king soone appeared: who repenting him of his homage done, vntrulye forsooke his former othe and promise, & made warre agaynst king Edward, through the counsayle of the Abbot of Menros. Wherfore, the king with a great host sped him into Scotland, and in processe layde siege to the towne of Berwycke: which the Scottes did egerly defend, not onely to the discomforture, but also to the derision of the king and his Englishe hoste. MarginaliaThe town and castle of Barwike wonne of EnglishmenBut in conclusion, the Englishmen preuayled and wan the towne, where were slayne of the Scottes to the number of xxv. thousand. And while the king was there busied in wynnyng other holdes aboute the same, he sent parte of hys hoste to Dunbarre, MarginaliaFalsenes iustly punished.where the Englishmen agayne had the victorie and slewe of the Scottes xx. thousand, Gisburne sayth but x. thousand, so that very fewe were lost of the english company. The king with a great number of prisoners returnyng into hys realme, shortlye after sped him ouer vnto Flaunders, wher he sustained great trouble by the French king, tyll truse for certayn space was betwene them concluded. But in the meane while that king Edward was thus occupied beyond the seas: the French king (resorting to his olde practised maner) set the Scots secretly agaynst the English men to kepe the king at home. MarginaliaThe Scots rebell agayne.Which Scots making them selues a Captayne named William Waleis: warred vpon the borders of Northumberlande, where they dyd muche hurt. MarginaliaThe second viage of king Edward into England.At length the king returning from Burdeaux into England, shortly vpon the same tooke his iourney into Scotland. Marginalia1298.Where meeting at Yorke with hys host, marched into the realme of Scotlande, wynning as he went, townes and Castels, til at length comming to the towne of Fankyrch on Marye Magdalens day, hee met with the power of Scotland: and had with them a sore fight, but through Gods prouidence the victory fel to the right cause of Englishe men: so that of the Scots were slayne in the field, as it is of diuers writers affirmed, ouer the number of. xxxij. thousand: and of Englishe men but barely. xxviij. persons.MarginaliaEx Fabiano:
A notable victory against the Scottes. Wherupon, the king agayne taking possession and fealtie of the whole land, returned home.

MarginaliaThe third vyage of Kyng Edward into Scotland.And yet the false vntroth of the Scots woulde not thus be ruled, but rose vp a newe broyle: so that the king was enforced to make hys power agayne the next yeare folowing into Scotland, wher he so suppressed the rebellion of the Lords and of the commons, that they swearing to the kings allegiance, presented themselues by great companies, and put them wholye in the kyngs grace and mercy: Marginalia1299.
The Scots sworne to the kynges alleageance.so that the king thinking himself to be in peaceable possession and a great surety of the land, caused to be sworn vnto him the rulers of the boroughescities and townes, with other officers of the lande, and so retourned vnto Barwicke, and so into Englande, and lastly to Westminster.

These martial affayres betwene England and Scotland, although they appertayne not greatly to the purpose of our story ecclesiasticall: yet so much by the waye I thought briefly to touch, whereby the better it myght be vnderstanded by these premisses, that which foloweth in the sequele hereof. As the Scots were thys warryng and ragyng agaynst the kyng, and sawe they could not make their party good, they sent priuely to pope Boniface for his ayde and counsail: MarginaliaEx. chro. Rob. Auesburiensis
The popes messages to the kingwho immediatly sendeth downe hys precept to the king, to this effect, þ^t he should hereafter surcease to disquiet or molest the Scots, for that thei were a people exempt and properly pertayning to his chappell. And therfore it could not otherwyse bee, but that the city of Ierusalem must needes defende hys own citisens: and as the mount Syon, mayntayne such as trust in the Lord. &c. MarginaliaThe kings aunswer to the pope.Wherunto the king briefly maketh answer agayne, swearing w^t an othe that he would to his vttermost keepe and defend that which was hys right, euidently knowen to all the world. &c. Thus the Scots bearing them selues bolde vpon the Popes message, & also confederating them selues with the French men, passed ouer that yeare. MarginaliaThe pope chalenged the realme of ScotlandThe next yeare after that (which was xxix. of the kinges raygne) the sayde Pope Boniface directeth his letters againe to the king, wherin he doth vendicate the kingdō of Scotland, & to be proper to the church of Rome, and not subiect to the kyng of England. And therefore it was agaynst God, against iustice, and also preiudiciall to the churche of Rome, for him to haue or hold any dominiō vpon the same, which he proued by these reasons.

MarginaliaReasons why the pope claymeth the realme of Scotland to be free frō the dominion of England.Fyrst, that when king Henry the father of this king, receaued ayde of Alexander king of Scots in his wars against Simon Mountfort: he recognised and acknowledged in his letters patents, that he receaued þ^e same of kyng Alexander, not of any duty, but of speciall fauour.

Item, when the sayde kyng Alexander comming to England, did homage to the sayd king Henry: he dyd it not as kyng of Scotland, but onely for certayne landes of Tyndall and Penreth lying in England.

Item, where the sayde King Alexander lefte behynde him Margaret hys heyre, being Neece to þ^e king of England, and yet vnder age:yet the tuition of the said Margaret was cōmitted not to the king of England, but to certayne Lordes of Scotland, deputed to the same.

Moreouer, when any legacie was directed downe frō Rome to the realme of Englād, for collecting of tenthes or other causes: the sayde legacie tooke no place in the realme of Scotlande, and might well bee resisted (as it was in king Alexander hys dayes) except an other speciall commission touching the realme of Scotland, were ioyned withall. Wherby it appeareth, these to be two seuerall dominions, and not subiect vnder one.

Adding furthermore, that the kingdome of Scotlād fyrst was conuerted by the reliques of the blessed Apostle sainct Peter: through the diuine operatiō of god: to the vnity of the catholique fayth.

Wherefore vpon these causes and reasons, pope Boniface in hys letters to the Kyng, requyred him to geue ouer hys clayme, and cease hys wars against the Scottish nation: And to release all such both of the spiritualty & laytie, as he had of them prisoners. Also to call home agayne his officers and deputies, which he had ther placed and ordayned to the greuance of that nation, to the sclaunder of all faythful people, and no lesse preiudice to the church of Rome. And if he would clayme any righte or title to the sayd realme or any part therof: he shoulde send vp his procurators specially to the same appointed, with all þ^t he could for himself alleadge, vnto þ^e see apostolike, there to receaue what reasō & right would require.Marginalia1301