Bulles, for that they gaue vnto hym so great autoritie, he caused to be published in the parliament house, and caused the copies of the same to be sent all about, and to be set vp and fastened vpon all church dores and Monastery gates that all men myght read them. In the which bulles these priuilegies were graūted, the copie wherof here followeth
This a papal bull granting Henry Despenser extraordinary powers to further his 'crusade'. It is taken from College of Arms MS Arundel 7 (see Thomas Walsingham, Historia Anglicana, ed. H. T. Riley, Rolls Series 28, 2 vols. [London, 1863-4], vol. II, pp. 76-8).
MarginaliaThe very fruits of Antichrist.In primis, that the sayd bishop of Norwich may vse hys sword against the Antipope, and all his adherentes, fauourers, and counsellers, and with violence put them to death.
Marginalia2Itē, þt he hath full power to inquire of all & singuler such Scismatikes, and to put them in prison: and to confiscate all their goods mouable and immouable.
Marginalia3Item, that he hathe power and autoritie to depriue all lay men that are suche Schismatikes of all manner secular offices whatsoeuer, and to geue their offices to other fitte and conuenient persons.
Marginalia4Item, that he may depriue all such clarkes, & declare them to be Schismatikes, and in this behalfe to geue and bestow their benefices either with cure or without cure, their dignities, personages or offices, to other personnes more meet for the same.
Marginalia5Item, he hath power and autoritie ouer lay persons that are exempt, and clarkes bothe secular and reguler, ye although they be friers mendicants, or maisters and professours of other houses or hospitals of S. Iohnes of Ierusalem, or S. Mary of Flaunders or professours of what orders soeuer els.
Marginalia6Item, he hath power to dispence with what secular clarkes soeuer, being beneficed either with cure or without cure, and also with suche as haue dignities, personages, or offices, beeing regulers either exempte or not exempt, that euery one of them may be absent with him from their dignities and benefices. &c. vnder the stāderd of the crosse, without lisence of any of their prelates required, and yet to receaue and take the intire commodities of their benefices, as thoughe they had beene personally resident vpon the same.
[Back to Top]Marginalia7Item, there is graunted to all that passe the seas in this quarell, eyther at their owne expences, or at the expences of any other, ful remission of their sinnes: and as lardge priuiledgies are graūted to all those that go ouer the sea with him, as to any that pay their money, or go to fight for the holy land.
[Back to Top]Marginalia8Also, all suche as with their proper goods and substance shall geue sufficient stipend to able soldiours, at the discretion of þe foresayd Lord bishop mustered, or by any other his deputie, although he hym selfe be not personally at this busines aforesayd: yet shall he haue lyke remission, and indulgence, as they which haue bene personally with him in this expedition.
[Back to Top]Marginalia9Item, all they are partakers of this remission, which shall geue any parte of their goodes to the said bishop to fight against the said Schismatikes.
Marginalia10Item, if any shall chaunce to dye in the iourney, that are souldiors vnder the said standerd of the crosse, or els before the quarell by some meanes be finished: shall fully and wholy receiue the said grace, and shall be partakers of the foresayd remission and indulgence.
Marginalia11Itē, he hath power to excōmunicate, suspēd, & interdict what persons so euer be rebellious or disturbers of hym in the execution of his power and autoritie committed vnto him: of what dignitie, state, degree, preheminēce, order, place, or condition so euer they shal be: whether they shalbe eyther of regal, quenely, or imperial dignitie, or of what dignitie els so euer either ecclesiastical or mūdane.
[Back to Top]Marginalia12Item, he hath power and autoritie to compell and inforce what religious persōs so euer, to appoint them and send them ouer sea, if it seme good to him: yea although they be prfessours of the Friers mendicants, for the execution of the premisses.
This is a copy of a plenary indulgence granted by Urban II to those who took part in Despenser's 'crusade'. Foxe is copying this from College of Arms MS Arundel 7 (see Historia Anglicana, ed. H. T. Riley, Rolls Series 28, 2 vols. [London, 1863-4], II, pp. 79-80).
BY the autority Apostolicall to me in this behalf committed, we absolue thee A. B. from all thy synnes cōfessed wyth thy mouth, & being contrite wt thy hart, and wherof thou wouldest be confessed if they came vnto thy memory:MarginaliaChristes passion hath here no place.& we graunt vnto thee, plenary remission of all maner of sins, & we promyse vnto thee thy part of the reward of all iust men, and of euerlasting saluation. And as many priuiledgies as are graunted to them that go to fight for the holy land, we graunt vnto thee: and of all the prayers and benefites of the churche the vniuersall Synode, as also of the holy catholike churche, wee make thee partaker of.
[Back to Top]This account of Despenser's crusade is taken from College of Arms MS Arundel 7 (see Historia Anglicana, ed. H. T. Riley, Rolls Series 28, 2 vols [London, 1863-4], II pp. 88-93. Foxe's concern throughout is to emphasize prelatical cruelty, not to supply a lucid narrative of military events. In a nutshell, in May 1383 Despenser won a victory over a French force near Dunkirk and he captured a number of towns in the area. During the summer he unsuccessfully besieged Ypres, losing a large number of his men. In August he rashly invaded Picardy but the arrival of a much larger French army under Charles VI forced him to surrender at Gravelines in mid September.
[Back to Top]John of Gaunt, the most powerful figure at court, opposed Despenser's expedition, preferring a campaign, to be led by himself, against French allies in Spain. Despenser was concerned that the king, under Gaunt's influence, was summoning him back to court to cancel his expedition.