therby in þ^e whole realme: in so much that all the shops within the citie of London, were shut in, for feare of the fauourers of these. ij. great personages, for ech part had assembled no smal number of people. For the pacifyeng wherof the Archbyshop of Canterbury, and the Duke of Quinber, called the prince of Portingall, rode. viij. tymes in one day betwene those. ij. aduersaries. Such were thē the troubles of this tumultuous diuision within the realme, & all by the excitation of this vnquiet Cardinall.

MarginaliaW. De la Pole duke of Suffolke, the cause of the duke of Glocesters death.Ouer and beside, this Cardinal afore mencioned, an other capitall enemy to the sayd Duke, was VVilliam de la Pole, fyrst Earle, then Marques, at last Duke of Suffolke, a man very ill reported in stories, to be not onely the organ and instrument of thys good mans death, but also to be the noisance of the cōmon wealth, and ruine of the realme. MarginaliaThe vnprofitable mariage betwene K. Henr. 6. and Queene Margaret.For by him and his onely deuice, was fyrst concluded the vnprofitable and vnhonorable mariage betwene the King, and Lady Margaret daughter of the Duke of Angeow: where as þ^e king had concluded and contracted a mariage before wyth the daughter of the Earle of Arminacke, vpon conditions so much more profitable and honorable, as more conuenient it is for a Prince to marry a wyfe with riches and friendes, then to take a make with nothing, and disherite himself, and his realme of old rightes, and auncient inheritaunce, whych so came to passe. And all this the good Duke dyd well foresee, and declared no lesse: but his counsail wold not be taken. Whereupon followed fyrst the geuing away the duchie of Angeow, and þ^e city of Mayne, with þ^e whole countrey of Mayne, to Reyner Duke of Angeow and father of the damosell, called then king of Sicile and of Hierusalem, hauing thereof no peny profit, but onely a vayne name to play with all.

MarginaliaQueene Margaret mortall enemie to the duke of Glocester.An other sore enemy and mortall plague to this duke, was the Queene her selfe, latelye before maryed to the kyng. Who beyng of haute stomacke, and all set vpon glory of wyt and wilynes lacking nothing, and perceiuing her husbād to be symple of wyt, and easy to be ruled, tooke vpon her to rule and gouerne both the Kyng and kingdome. And because the aduise and counsaile of Humfrey Duke of Glocester, was somwhat a stay that her autority and regiment could not so fullye proceede, and partly because the sayde Duke before did disagree from that mariage, MarginaliaThe malice of a woman.thys manly woman and couragious quene ceased not by all imaginations and practises possible, to set forwarde his destruction, hauing also for her helper herein the Duke of Buckingham. &c.

MarginaliaA snare to catche the innocent.These being his principall enemies and mortal foes, fearing lest some commotion myght aryse, if suche a Prince so neare to the kinges blood, and so deare to the people, and of all men so beloued, should be openlye executed and put to death, deuised howe to trap hym, and circumuent him vnknowing and vnprouided. Marginalia1447.
A Parlamēt at Bery.For the more spedy furtherance wherof, a parlament was summoned to be kept at Bery, an. 1447. farre from the Citizens of London, as VVilliam Tindall in his booke of practise, writeth. Whether resorted all the peres of the realme, & amongest them the Duke of Gloucester, thinkyng no harme to any man, and lesse to him selfe. Who on the second day of the Session, was by the Lord Beamond hygh Constable then of England, accompanyed with the Duke of Buckyngham and other, arrested, apprehended, and put in warde, and vpon the same, all hys seruauntes discharged & put from him: of whom. xxxij. of the principall beyng also vnder arrest, were dispersed into diuers prisons, to the great murmuryng and greuaūce of the people. MarginaliaThe cruell death or martyrdome of the good Duke of Glocester.After this arrest thus done, and the Duke put in to warde, the nyght after (sayth Halle) vi. nightes after (sayth Fabian & Polychron.) he was found dead in his bed the. 24. day of Febru. & his body shewed to the Lordes and commons, as though he had bene taken naturally with some sodeine disease. And althoughno wounde in his body could be sene: yet to all indifferēt persons it might well be iudged, that he dyed of no naturall pange, but of some violent hād. Some suspected him to be strāgled, some that a whote spyte was priuely forced into his body, some affirme that he was styfeled betwen two fetherbeds. After the death of this Duke, and his body beyng interred at S. Albones, after he had politikely by the space of. xxv. yeares gouerned this realme, fiue of his houshold: to wit, one knight. 3. Esquiers, & a Yeomā, were arreigned, & conuict to be hāged, drawen, and quartered. Who beyng hanged & cut downe halfe alyue, the Marques of Suffolke, there present shewed þ^e charter of þ^e kinges pardon, and so they were deliuered. Notwithstāding, all this could not appease the grudge of the people, saying that the sauyng of the seruauntes, was no amendes for the murderyng of the maister.

In this cruell facte of these persons, which did so cōspire and consent to the death of this noble man, and whiche thought thereby to worke their owne safitie, the meruelous worke of Gods Iudgement, appeareth herein to be noted: MarginaliaThe iudgemēt of God vpon them which persecuted the Duke of Glocester.who, as in all other lyke cruell policies of man, so in this also turned all their policies cleane contrary: So that where the Queene thought most to preserue her husband in honour, and her selfe in state: therby both shee lost her husbande, her husbande lost his realme, þ^e realme lost Angeow, Normandie, the Duchie of Aquitane, with all other partes beyond þ^e sea, Calice only excepte, as in sequele of the matter, who so will read the stories, shall right well vnderstand.

Marginalia1448.
The death of the Cardinall, and maner of the same.The next yeare folowyng, it folowed also, that the Cardinall, who was the principall artificer and ryngleader of all this mischiefe, was suffered of God no longer to lyue. Of whose wicked conditions beyng more largely set foorth in Edwarde Halle, I omitte here to speake. What he hym selfe spake in his deathbed for example to other, I thought not best to pretermitte. Who hearyng that he should dye, and that there was no remedie, murmured and grudged, wherefore he should dye, hauyng so much riches, saying: MarginaliaThe wordes of the Cardinall of Wint. at hys death.that if the whole realme would saue his lyfe, he was able either by policie to get it, or by riches to bye it: addyng and saying moreouer, fye (quod he) will not death be hyred? nor will money doo nothyng? when my nephew of Bedford dyed, I thought my self halfe vp the wheele, but whē I saw myne other nephew of Gloucester deceassed, then I thought me selfe able to be equall with kynges, and so thought to encrease my treasure, in hope to haue worne the triple crowne. &c. Ex Edou. Hallo. And thus is the riche Byshop of VVinchester, with all his pōpe and riches gone, with the which riches, he was able not onely to builde scholes, colledges, and vniuersities, but also was able to susteine the kynges armyes in warre (as is specified in stories) without any taxing of the commōs.

MarginaliaWilliam Wanflet byshop of Wint.In whose sea next succeded VVilliam VVanflet, preferred to the Byshopricke of VVinchester: who thoughe he had lesse substaunce, yet hauyng a mynde more godly disposed, MarginaliaMagdalen colledge in Oxford builded.did found and erect the colledge of Mary Magdalene in Oxford. For the which foundation, as there haue bene, and bee yet many studentes bounde to yelde gratfull thankes vnto God, so I must nedes cōfesse me selfe to be one, except I wilbe vnkynd.

Among the other mischieuous aduersaries whiche sought & wrought the death of Humfrey Duke of Gloucester, next to the Cardinall of VVinchester (who, as is sayd, dyed the next yeare folowyng) was VVilliam de la Pole, Marques of Suffolke, who also lyued not long after, nor long escaped vnpunished. MarginaliaGods punishment vpon the Marques of Suffolke.For although he was hyghlye exalted, by the meanes of the Queene (whose mariage he onely procured) vnto the fauour of the king, and was made Duke of Suffolke, and magnified of the people, and bare the whole swaye in the realme, whose actes and factes his vayne glorious head caused also by