MarginaliaThe sentence of the Inquest.
A copy of the document (unknown to Foxe) survives as TNA 9/468, fo. 14r-v. This copy matches the version in STC 13970, reprinted by Hall and then by Foxe.
¶ Subscribed in this manner:
Thomas Barnewell, Crowner of the
citie of London.
After that the xxiiij. had geuen vp their verdict sealed and signed with the Crowners seale, the cause was then brought into þe Parlament house, MarginaliaThe Parlament iudging with Richard Hunne.where the truth was layd so plaine before all mens faces, & the facte so notorious, that immediatly certeine of the bloudy murderers were committed to prison, and should no doubt haue suffered that they deserued, MarginaliaThe practyse of Cardinall Wolsey for his clergie men.had not the Cardinall by hys authoritie practised for his catholicke children, at the sute of the Byshop of London. Wherupon þe chaunceler by þe kynges pardon and secret shiftyng, rather then by Gods pardon and his deseruyng
This passage, emphasizing that Horsey escaped due to a royal pardon, and not because he was innocent, is a response to Harpsfield's criticisms of Foxe's account of the Hunne affair.
Foxe does not make it clear, but this letter is from Henry VIII to William Horsey, written after 4 May 1523, when Parliament passed a bill ordering that restitution be made to Hunne's family for his property, which was confiscated when Hunne was condemned as heretic. Henry is ordering Horsey to pay the full cost of the restitution out of his own pocket, instead of having the Church or the Crown pay it.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaThe kings letter for the restitution of Hunnes goods.TRustye and welbeloued we grete you well: whereas by the complaynte to vs made aswell as also in our high court of Parlament, on the behalfe & partie of Roger Whapplot of our Citie of London Draper, & Margarete hys wyfe late þe daughter of Richard Hunne. And wheras you were indicted by our lawes of, and for the death of the sayd Richard Hunne, the sayd murder cruelly committed by you lyke, as by our recordes more at large playnly it doth appeare, about the v. day of Decēber, in the vi. yeare of our reigne, the same we abhorre, neuertheles wee of our especiall grace, certaine science & mere motion, pardoned you vpon certaine considerations vs mouyng for the entent that the goodes of the sayd Richard Hunne, the administratiō of them were committed to þe sayd Roger Whapplot, we then supposed & entended your amendement, and restitution to be made by you to the enfantes the childrē of the sayd Richarde Hunne, aswell for his death as for his goods, embeseled, wasted and consumed by your tyranny and cruell acte so committed, the same beyng of no litle value, and as hetherto ye haue made no recompence, accordyng to our lawes, as myght stand with equitie, Iustice, right, and good conscience, and for this cause due satisfaction ought to be made by our lawes: Wherfore we will and exhorte, and otherwise charge and commaunde you, by the tenure of this, our especiall letters, that ye satisfie and recompence the sayd Roger Whapplot, and the sayd Margarete hys wife, accordyng to our lawes in this cause, as it may stand with right & good conscience, els otherwyse at your farther perill, so þt they shall haue no cause to returne vnto vs, for their farther remedy, eftsones in this behalfe, as ye in the same tender to auoyde our hyghe displeasure: otherwise that ye vpon the sight hereof, to set all excuses apart, and to repayre vnto our presence, at whiche your hether commyng you shalbe farther aduertised of our mynde.
[Back to Top]From our maner. &c.
Here, as elsewhere in the Acts and Monuments, Foxe is responding directly to criticisms of his work made by Nicholas Harpsfield in his Dialogi sex, printed in 1566. (Harpsfield's attack on Foxe's account of Hunne is on pp. 847-50). However, Harpsfield's influence on Foxe's account of Hunne was not limited to inspiring this rebuttal. It was almost certainly because of Harpsfield's attack that Foxe consulted the records held by Dunstan Whaplod, Richard Hunne's grandson. Although Harpsfield makes a point of referring Foxe to More's account of the Hunne affair - in his Dialogue Concerning Heresies (CWTM 6, I, pp. 317-20) - he does this largely to profit from More's reputation; a reputation which he even Foxe acknowledges. But for the most part, Harpsfield's arguments against Foxe are his own, and they develop along two lines. The first is a debate over whether Hunne deserves to be classed as a martyr since he did not die for a religious doctrine or cause. The second is over the details of the case. Foxe's polemical strategy is to stick to the documents produced by the inquest. Harpsfield's strategy is to ignore the inquest and to cast doubt on the implausible aspects of Foxe's account: e.g. why would Horsey want to murder Hunne?
[Back to Top]MarginaliaDefence of Richard Hunne.J Doubt not but by these premisses thou hast (Christian reader) sufficiently to vnderstand the whole discourse and story of Richard Hunne from toppe to toe. First how he came in trouble for denying the bearyng sheete of hys young infant departed, then how hee was forced, for succour of hym selfe, to sue a premunire: And therupō what conspiracie of the clergie was wrought agaynste hym, what snares were layd, what fetches were practised, and Articles deuised, to snarle hym in the trappe of heresie, and so to imprison hym. Furthermore beyng in prison, how he was secretly murdered, after his murder hanged, after hys hangyng condemned, after his condēnation burned: and after hys burnyng lastly how hys death was enquired by þe Crowner, & cleared by acquitalle of þe Inquest. Moreouer how the case was brought into þe Parlament, & by þe Parlament the kinges precept obtayned for restitution of hys goods. The debatyng of whiche tragicall and tumultuous story with all the branches, and particular euidences of the same, taken out as well of the publique actes, as of the Byshops registers, & speciall recordes, MarginaliaEx publicis actis.
Ex archiuis et Regist. Lond.remainyng in the custody of Dustan Whapplot the sonne of þe daughter of the sayd Richard Hunne,
Foxe is signalling to his readers - and to Harpsfield - that the documents he is quoting exist and that he is quoting them accurately.
Marginalia1.First, as is requisite, for testimonie and witnes of truth falsely slaundered, of Innocency wrongfully condemned, and of the partie cruelly oppressed.
Marginalia2.The second cause moueth me, for Syr Tho. Mores Dialogues
More's Dialogue Concerning Heresies which contains More's account of the Hunne affair (CWTM, 6, I, pp. 217-30).
Marginalia3.The third cause which constreyneth me be þe Dialogues of Alanus Copus,
Harpsfield's Dialogi sex was printed under the name of Alan Cope, a friend of Harpsfield's and a fellow Catholic cleric. (See the articles on Alan Cope and Nicholas Harpsfield in the ODNB). When he wrote this rebuttal in 1570, Foxe thought that Cope was the author of the Dialogi sex.