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1379 [1354]

Q. Mary. A prescript to the Aldermen. Q. Maries proclamation against straungers.

MarginaliaAn 1554. March.do take order and direction with the Paryshioners of euery Benefice where Priestes do want, MarginaliaProuision for want of priestes.to repaire to the next Parishe for Diuine seruice, or to appointe for a conuenient tyme, till other better prouision may be made, one Curate to serue, Alienis vicibus,  

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Mary ordered that, where necessary, one curate should serve 'alternis vicibus' (1563, p. 925; 1570, p. 1586); in the 1576 edition this was misprinted as 'alienis vicibus' (1576, p. 1354), a mistake which was repeated in the 1583 edition (p. 1414). Once again, careless typography in the 1576 edition was uncorrected in that of 1583.

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in diuers Parishes, and to allot to the sayd Curate for hys labour some portion of the Benefice that he so serueth.

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MarginaliaProcessions in LatinItem, that all and all maner of processions of þe Church, be vsed, frequented, and continued after the old order of the Church in the latine tongue.

MarginaliaHolydayes and fasting dayes.Item, that all such holy dayes and fasting dayes be obserued and kept, as were obserued and kepte in the latter tyme of king Henry the eyght.

MarginaliaCeremonies restored.Item, that the laudable & honest ceremonies which were wont to be vsed, frequented and obserued in the Church, be also hereafter frequented, vsed & obserued.

Item that children be christened by the Priest, and cōfirmed by the Bishop, as heretofore hath beene accustomed, and vsed.

Item, touching such persons as were heretofore promoted to any MarginaliaOrders.orders after the new sorte and fashion of orders, considering they were not ordered in very deede, the byshop of the Dioces findyng otherwise sufficiencie and habilitie in those men, may supply that thing which wanted in thē before, and then according to hys discretion admitte them to minister.

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Item, that by the byshop of the Dioces an vniforme doctrine be set forth by Homelies, or otherwise for the good instructiō and teaching of all people: MarginaliaComming to diuine seruice.And þt the sayd byshop & other persons aforesayd, do compel þe Parishioners to come to their seuerall Churches, and there deuoutly to heare diuine seruice, as of reason they ought.

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MarginaliaProuision for Catholicke schoolemasters.Item, that they examine all Scholemaisters & teachers of childrē, and finding them suspect, in any wyse to remoue them and place Cotholicke men in their rowmes, with a speciall commaundement to instruct their children, so as they may be able to aunswere the Priest at the Masse, and so helpe the Priest to Masse, as hath bene accustomed.

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Item, that the sayd Byshop and all other the persons a foresayd, haue such regard, respect, and consideration of and for the settyngforth of the premisses with al kynd of vertue godly liuyng, and good example, with repressing also and kepyng vnder of vice and vnthriftines as they and euerich of them may bee seene to fauour the restitution of true Religion, and also to make an honest accompt and reckenyng of their office and cure, to the honor of God, our good contentation, and the profite of this our Realme: and dominions of the same.

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A lyke prescript also with Articles, was sent from the sayd Queene Mary to the Lorde Mayor of London, MarginaliaMarch. 4.the fourth day of March, in the yeare aboue sayd,  

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A passage following the order in the 1563 edition (1563, p. 926), which reads 'About the same yeare and time when Doct. Bonner set forth this prescript or monitory' was retained in subsequent editions (1570, p. 1587; 1576, p. 1354; 1583, p. 1425) even though the prescript itself had been deleted.

which Lorde Mayor vpon the same directed his commaundement to the Aldermen, euery one seuerally in his ward, conteynyng as foloweth.  
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The mandate of the Lord Mayor to the aldermen of London to ensure that all householders kept their households in order during the Easter season was added to the 1570 edition (see textual variant 29). According to Susan Brigden, no copy of the mayor's order survives among the London municipal records (Susan Brigden, London and the Reformation [Oxford, 1989] p. 348 n 177). It is doubtful that Foxe transcribed the order from municipal records; in any case, they were a source he rarely exploited. Instead he probably printed a copy of the order which someone had retained from Mary's reign and sent to him.

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¶ By the Lord Maior.

MarginaliaA prescript of the Lord Mayor to the Aldermen.ON the Queene our most gracious and most benigne soueraigne Ladies behalfe, we most straightly charge and commaunde you, that ye the sayd Aldermen, faile not personally to call before your owne person in suche place with in your sayde warde as to you shall seme most conuenient and meete vppon Wednesday next commyng, whiche shalbe the vij. daye of this present moneth, at vij. of the clocke in the mornyng the same day, all and euery the householders both poore and rich of your sayde ward, and then and there, openly and playnely for your owne discharge and for the eschewing of the perils that to you might otherwise be iustly imputed and layd, do not onely straitly admonishe, charge, & commaunde in the Queene our sayde soueraigne Ladies name and behalfe, all and euery the sayd householders, that both in their owne persons, and also their wiues, children, and seruauntes beyng of the age of xij. yeares and vpwards and euery of them, do at all and euery tyme and tymes from hence forth, and namely at the holy tyme of Easter now approching, honestly, quietly, obediently, and Catholyckly, vse and behaue them selues lyke good and faythfull Christian people in all and euery thyng and thynges touching and cōcernyng the true fayth, profession, and Religion of his Catholyke Church, both according to the lawes and preceptes of almighty God, and also their bounden duetye of obedience towardes our sayd soueraigne Lady the Queene her lawes and Statutes, and her highnes most good example and gratious procedyng according to the same, and according also to the right wholesome charitable & godly admonition, charge and exhortation late set forth and giuen by the right reuerēd father in God the Byshop of London, our Diocesan and ordinary to all the Persons, Vicars, and Curates within this Dioces, but also that they and euery of them do truely

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without delay aduertise you of the names and surnames of all and euery person and persons that they or any of them, can or may at any time hereafter knowe, perceiue, or vnderstand to transgresse or offend in any poynt or Article concernyng the premisses, at their vttermost perilles. That ye immediatly after suche notice thereof to you giuen do forthwith aduertise vs thereof, fayle ye not thus to do with all circumspection and diligence, as ye will aunswere to our sayd most dread soueraigne Ladye the Queene, for the contrary at your like perill. Geuen at the Guildehal of the Citie of London, the v. day of March in the first of the raigne of our sayd soueraigne Lady the Queene.

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Blackwell.

And likewise do you geue to euery of the sayd housholders straightly in commaundemēt, that they or their wiues depart not out of the sayd citie vntill this holy tyme of Easter be past.

 

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From Mary's Proclamation to the 'Stile'

An interesting difference occurs between 1563 and later editions over the English exiles, with 1563 emphasising divine providence and the later editions being more factual and neutral ('The great care & prouidence of God for his people' (1563); 'Englishmen fled out of the realm for religion' and 'The number of English exiles well neare 800. persons' (later editions)). Many of the glosses point to twists in the attempt by Gardiner and others to implicate Elizabeth in the Wyatt rebellion ('Lady Elizabeth and Lord Courtney vpon suspicion of Syr Thom. Wyats rising committed to the Tower', 'A poynt of practise of Ste. Gardiner agaynst the Lady Elizabeth', 'D. Weston against the Lady Elizabeth'); others imply the untruthfulness of Elizabeth's enemies, who were prone to tell 'tales' in the star chamber ('Cut prentise in Londō bronght before Ste. Gardiner', 'Ste. Gardiners tale in the starre chamber agaynst the Lady Elizabeth', 'The Lord Shandoys false report in the starre chamber, agaynst Lady Elizabeth and Lord Courtney'). The Lord Mayor's disdain for Weston is pointed to ('The Lord Mayors iudgement of D. Weston'): this was perhaps part of a wider attempt to encourage the hostility of London to Mary's reforms and reign. The approval by parliament of the queen's marriage is played down as the 'mention' of it ('Mention of the Quenes mariage in the Parlament'), perhaps reflecting Foxe's sensitivity about the complicity of parliament in Mary's reign.

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Marginalia1554.ABout the same yeare and tyme, when Doct. Boner set forth this prescript or monitory, there came from the Quene an other proclamation agaynst straungers and forreiners within this realme. The purpose & intent of which proclamation, because it chiefly and most specially concerned religion and doctrine, & the true professors therof, I thought here to annexe the tenor and maner of the same.

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¶ A copy of the Queenes proclamation for the driuyng out of the Realme straungers and Forreiners.  
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Block 14: From the Proclamation against Foreigners to the 1554 Convocation

The proclamation expelling foreigners from England appeared in every edition of the Actes and Monuments (1563, pp. 926-27; 1570, p. 1587; 1576, p. 1354; 1583, p. 1425). Foxe probably derived it from a version printed by John Cawood. (For surviving copies of the proclamation see Tudor Royal Proclamations, II, pp. 31-32).

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MarginaliaQ. Maries proclamatiō for driuing out of straungers.THe Queen our soueraygn Lady vnderstāding that a multitude of euill disposed persons, beinge borne out of her highnes dominions in other sondry nations, flyeng from the obeysaūce of the Princes and Rulers vnder whom they bee borne, some for heresie, some for murther, treason, robbery, and some for other horrible crimes, be resorted into this her Maiesties Realm, and here haue made their demour, and yet be commoraunt & lingring, partly to eschew such conding punishment as their sayd horrible crimes deserue, and partly to dilate, plant, and sow the seedes of their malicious doctrine and lewd conuersation amonge the good subiectes of this her sayd Realme, of purpose to infect her good subiects with the lyke, in so much as (besides innumerable heresies, which diuers of the same being hereticks haue preached & taught within her highnes said Realm) it is assuredly knowen vnto her Maiestye, MarginaliaCauses layd agaynst straungers.that not onely theire secrete practyses haue not fayled to stirre, comfort and ayde dyuers her highnes subiectes to this most vnnaturall rebellion agaynst God and her grace, but also some other of them desist not still to practise with her people eftsoones to rebell, her M. therfore hauyng (as afore is sayd) knowledge and intelligence hereof, hath for remedy herein determyned, and most straightly chargeth and commaundeth, that all and euery such person or persons borne out of her highnes dominions, now cōmoraunt or resident within this Realme, of what soeuer nation or countrey, beyng eyther Preacher, Printer, Bookseller, or other Artificer, or of what soeuer calling els, not being Denizen or Marchant knowen, vsing the trade of Marchaundize, or seruaunt to such Ambassadours as bee liegers here from the Princes and states ioyned in league with her grace, shall within 24. dayes after thys Proclamation auoyd the realme, vpon payne of most greeuous punishment by enprysonment and forfayture and confiscation of all their goods and moueables, and also to be delyuered vnto their natural Princes, or Rulers, agaynst whose persons or lawes they haue offended Geuing to all Mayors, Shriues, Bayliffes, Constables, and al other her ministers, officers, and good Subiectes, straitly also in charge, if they know any such person not borne in the Queenes highnes dominions (except before excepted) that shall after the tyme and day limitted in this Proclamation, tary within this Realm, that they shall apprehend the same person or persons, and commit him or them to warde, there to remayne without bayle or maynprise, till her graces pleasure or her counsailes be signified vnto them for the further ordering of the sayd person or persons. And that if any of her sayd officers, after the sayd 24. dayes apprehend, take, or know of any such, they shall with diligence immedyatly certefie her sayd Counsel therof, to the intent order may forth with be geuen for their punishment according.

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In the mean while, vpon the proclamation before mencioned, not only the strangers in K. Edwardes time receyued into the realme for religion, among whō was MarginaliaPet. Martyr & Iohannes Alasco, banished the realme.Peter Martir, Ioh. Alasco vncle to the king of Poleland,  

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The identification of John Alasco (i.e., John a Lasco or, more properly, Jan Łaski) as the king of Poland's uncle is Crowley's mistake; Laski's nephew was the chancellor of Poland.

but may english men fled some to Freeseland, some to Cleueland,  
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'Cleveland' is the duchy of Cleves.

some to high Germany, where they were diuersly scattered into diuers companies and congregations, at Wesell, at Frankforde, Emden,  
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Foxe added Emden to Crowley's list of places to which the exiles fled (cf. 1563, p. 927 with 1570, p. 1587; 1576, p. 1354; 1583, p. 1425). Crowley's failure to mention it is an indication of how isolated the Emden exiles were from their English brethren in Switzerland.

Markpurgh, Strausborough, Basill,

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Arow,