1576 Edition | Book 8 | Page 1051 
CloseMisprision of treason is an offence which is committed by someone who knows that a treason offence is going to happen but who fails to report this to the authorities while an attainder is an act of parliament which declares a person guilty of a crime without the need of trial. Fisher was sent to the Tower on 26 April 1534.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaA maruelous iudgement of god against Pauier an open enemie to his worde. Edward Hall,
CloseBarton and the executions are mentioned in the 1550 edition of Hall's Chronicle at fols.218v and 223v.
CloseFor William Pavier, see Edward Hall, The Union of the Two Noble and Illustre Families of Lancastre & York, 2 vols., ed. by H Ellis (London, 1809), ii, p.806; Susan Brigden, London and the Reformation (Oxford, 1989), pp.218-9.
MarginaliaPauier a bitter enemy against Rich. Bainham. My information farther addeth this, touchyng the sayd Pauier or Pauie that hee was a bitter enemie, very busie at the burnyng of Rich. Baynham aboue mentioned. Who hearyng the sayd Bainham at the stake speaking agaynst Purgatory and transubstantiation: set fire (sayd hee) to this hereticke and burne hym. And as the trayne of gunne pouder came toward the Martyr, hee lifted vp hys eyes and hands to heauen, saying to Pauier: God forgiue thee, and shew thee more mercy thē thou doest to me. The Lord forgiue Syr Thomas More, and pray for me all good people: and so continued he praying, till the fire tooke hys bowels and hys head. &c.
[Back to Top]After whose Martyrdome, the next yeare folowyng, this Pauier the towne Clerke of the Citie, went and bought ropes. Whiche done, he went vp to an hygh garret in hys house to pray, as he was wont to doe, to a roode which hee had there, before whome he bitterly wept: And as his owne mayde comming vp founde hym so doyng, hee bad her take the rustye sword, and go make it cleane, and trouble hym no more,MarginaliaPauier a persecutor hāged himselfe. and immediatly he tyed vp the rope, and hong him selfe. The maydes hart still robbed, and so came vp, and found hym but newly hanged. Then shee hauing no power to helpe him, ranne crying to the Churche to her mistres to fetche her home. His seruauntes and Clerkes hee had sent out before to Finisbery, and to M. Edney Sergeaunt to the Lord Maior
CloseThe mayor of London was Sir Christopher Ascue.
To this story of Pauier, may also be added the lyke terrible example of Doct. Foxeford Chauncellour to the Byshop of London, a cruell persecutor and a common butcher of the good Saintes of God: who was the condemner of al those aforenamed, which were put to death, troubled, or abiured vnder B. Stokesley through al the dioces of LondonMarginaliaThe terrible hand of Gods iudgement vpon Foxford the Bishops Chauncellour. Thys Foxford dyed
CloseFoxford died suddenly if perhaps not so dramatically.
MarginaliaThe death of W. Warham Archb. of Cant. About the same tyme dyed also W. Warrham Archbyshop of Canterbury:
CloseThe archbishop died on 22 August 1532.
CloseThe Act of Appeals (24 Henry VIII, c.12).
CloseThe council of Chalcedon (451) produced the condemnation of monophysitism and affirmed the two distinct natures of Christ.
CloseFoxe may be here referring to one of many national or plenary Episcopal synods (e.g. Hippo in 393 or Carthage in 407) representing the church in North Africa.
CloseFoxe may be here referring to a synod held at Tolentino.
Whereupon the Archebyshop of Caunterbury Cranmer aboue named, accompanied with the Byshops of London, Winchester, Bathe, Lincolne, & diuerse other great clerkes in a great number, roade to Dunstable, whiche is six mile from Ampthyl,
CloseCatherine's household was established at Ampthill. It was here, on 3 July 1533, she was informed of her official title change from queen to princess dowager.
CloseArchbishop Edward Lee met with Catherine at Ampthill, c.21 May 1533, on the verge of the conclusion of the marriage tribunal at Dunstable.
CloseThe priory at Dunstable was selected due to its remoteness from London, because it was unlikely to be disturbed, and because it was close to Ampthill. Late in April 1533, Cranmer cited Catherine and Henry to appear before this new tribunal [see, L&P, vi, 737 (no.7)] and, on her behalf, ambassador Chapuys sent a letter of protest to the king [see, L&P, vi, 391, 465]. The tribunal opened on 10 May and, because she had not appeared, Catherine was declared 'contumacious' [see, L&P, vi, 470] which, in a legal sense, not only means she refused to abide by the order but also means stubbornly disobedient, wilfully obstinate or even rebellious. Final sentence was rendered on 23 May 1533 [for a discussion, see Andrew A Chibi, Henry VIII's Conservative Scholar (Bern, 1997), pp.82-4].
[Back to Top]MarginaliaA note. ¶ Where note that althoughe this diuorce folowing after the new Mariage, neded not at all to be made, the first Mariage beyng no Mariage at all before God, yet to satisfie þe voyce of the people, more then for any necessitie, the kyng was contented throughe the persuasions of some, so to do. For els as touchyng God and conscience, what great nede was of any diuorse, where before God, no Mariage was to be accounted, but rather an incestuous & detestable adultery, as the Acte of Parlament doth terme it? But to our matter agayne.
[Back to Top]After the dissolution of this first mariage made betwene the kyng and the lady Princesse Dowager, she neuerthelesse bearyng a stoute mynd, would not yet relent, neyther to the determination of the Vniuersities, nor to the censure of the Clergy, nor of the whole realme: but followyng the counsaile rather of a few Spanyards, to molest the king and the realme by suite, and meanes made to the pope,MarginaliaWritinges sette vp at Dunkerke against the king. procured certaine writinges, first of monition and aggrauation, then of excommunication and interdiction to bee sent downe from Rome,
CloseFoxe is here referring to the fact that Catherine's appeal was still very much alive in the courts of Rome, with which Henry VIII still had to deal (largely through his agents there, Edmund Bonner and Sir Edward Carne). The marriage tribunal in Rome proceeded c.6 July 1533 and lasted to 11 July. The final sentencing was not, however, given until 23 March 1534. [See, Henry A Kelly, The Matrimonial trials of Henry VIII (Stanford, 1976), pp.164-70].
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CloseJohn Butler was a Cranmer protégé, a royal chaplain, and was appointed his commissary of Calais by the archbishop by 1 April 1534. There seems, however, to be a question about the exact dating of his appointment [for which, see Diarmaid MacCulloch, Thomas Cranmer (Yale, 1996), p.113].
MarginaliaK. Henry & the realme interdicted by the Pope. After that, before Whitsonweke
CloseThis is Pentecost, seven weeks after Easter (which in 1533 was 23 April).
This beyng knowen and certified vnto the king, he was motioned by hys counsell, that such as were about her, and moued her therto, should be put from her. And therfore the Duke of Suffolke
CloseCharles Brandon was sent (c.18 December) to the village of Buckden, where Catherine was lodged at the Great Hall of the palace of Bishop Grossteste since July 1533. [See, Calendar of State Papers, Spanish, iv/ii, pp.892-99; L&P, vi, 622].
CloseFoxe's timing is a little off here as Catherine was moved on (although not a great distance away) to Kimbolton in May 1534.
CloseFoxe's account of the monumental acts of the Reformation Parliament necessarily focused on the 'aboliyshing of the vsurped power and iurisdiction of the bishop of Rome' rather than the establishment of the royal supremacy. The marginal gloss to the 1563 edition, however, provides the key to later historians' interpretations of these events: 'The kinge proclaimed Supreme head by act of parliament'. By the 1570 edition, however, Foxe's marginal glosses subtly altered the message to meet an anticipated objection about the status of a proclamation: 'The stile of supreme head annexed to the crowne of England' adding, for good measure: 'The popes name and memory abolished'. There were other, even more substantial changes wrought by Foxe in this passage as between the 1563 edition and its successors. In 1563, he had said almost nothing about the other, more detailed but substantial measures that accompanied the famous proclamation and which had been turned into statutes by the Reformation Parliament. In 1570, Foxe was anxious to furnish much more substantive detail on the acts in restraint of appeals, payments to Rome, the forbidden degrees, etc. Wherever possible, Foxe also substantially increased the discussion of the ecclesiastical authorities which had supported these political changes, and their scriptural and other grounds for doing so. In the process, Foxe strengthened the impression in his text that these were changes which overthrew a usurpation, justified by law and scripture.
[Back to Top]Andrew ChibiUniversity of Leicester
MarginaliaAn. 1534. THese thinges thus finished and dispatched concernyng the mariage of Queene Anne and the diuorce of Lady Katherine Dowager, next foloweth the yeare. 1534. In þe which was assembled the hye Court
CloseThe fourth session of the so-called Reformation parliament assembled on the 4th February 1534. Foxe refers here to what became known as the 'first Act of Succession' (25 Henry VIII, c.22), passed in March, which included a necessary oath.