hys intituled: the obedience of a Christian man: wherein with singular dexteritie he instructeth all men in the office and duetie of christian obedience, with dyuers other treatises: as The wicked Mammō: the Practise of Prelates, with expositions vpon certayne partes of the Scripture, and other bookes also aunswering to sir Thom. More and other aduersaires of the truth, no lesse delectable, then also most fruitfull to be read, which partly yet beyng vnknowen vnto many, partly also beyng almost abolished and worne out by tyme, the printer herof
I.e., John Day, the printer of the Acts and Monuments.
This is a reference to The whole workes of W. Tyndale, John Frith and Doct. Barnes, ed. John Foxe, STC 24436, which was printed by John Day in 1572.
These bookes of William Tyndall beyng compiled, published and sent ouer into England, it cannot be spoken what a dore of light they opened to the eyes of the whole Englishe nation, which before were many yeares shut vp in darckenesse.
MarginaliaTyndall went into Saxonie. At hys first departing out of the realme, he tooke hys iorny into the further partes of Germany, as into Saxony where he had conferēce with Luther and other learned men in those quarters.MarginaliaTyndall came to Antwerpe. Where, after that he had continued a certaine season, he came down from thence into the netherlandes and had his most abiding in the towne of Antwerpe, vntill the tyme of his apprehension: wherof more shalbe said God willyng hereafter.
[Back to Top]Amongst his other bokes which he compiled, one worke he made also for the declaration of the sacrament (as it was then called) of the aulter: the which he kept by hym, considering how the people were not as yet fully persuaded in other matters tendyng to supersticious ceremonies and grosse idolatry. Wherefore he thought as yet tyme was not come, to put forth that worke, but rather that it should hinder the people from other instructions, supposing that it would seme to them odious to heare any such thyng spoken or set forth at that tyme, sounding agaynst their great Goddesse Diana, that is, against their masse, being had euery where in great estimation, as was the Goddesse Diana amongest the Ephesians whom they thought to come from heauen.
This is a reference to Acts 19: 24-41.
MarginaliaTyndall bearing with tyme. Wherfore M. Tyndall beyng a man both prudent in hys doynges, and no lesse zelous in the settyng forth of gods holy truth, after such sort as it myght take most effect wyth the people, did forbeare the puttyng forth of that worke, not doubting but by gods mercifull grace, a tyme should come, to haue that abhomination openly declared, as it is at this present day
This a reference to William Tyndale, A brief declaration of the sacraments, STC 24445, which was not published until around 1548. In this work, Tyndale denied the Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist, arguing instead that it is the inner faith of the communicants that makes the Lord's Supper a Sacrament. This view was not only objectionable to Catholics, but also to Henry VIII and (at this time) Thomas Cranmer.
[Back to Top]These godly bookes of Tindall, and specially the new Testament of his translation, after that they began to come into mens handes, and to spread abroad, as they wroughte great and singuler profite to the godly:MarginaliaDarcknes hateth lyght. so the vngodly enuiyng and disdainyng that the people should be any thing wyser then they, and agayne fearing lest by the shining beames of truth, their false hypocrisie & workes of darkenes should be discerned: began to stirre with no small adoe, lyke as at the birth of Christ, turbatus est Herodes & tota Hierosolyma cum eo.
See Matt. 2.
David Daniell has cogently argued that this entire account of a voyage to Hamburg and a shipwreck is fictitious; see David Daniell, 'Tyndale and Foxe' in John Foxe: Historical Perspectives, ed. David Loades (Aldershot, 1999), pp. 26-8.
Thus as Sathan is and euer hath bene an enemy to all godly endeuors, and chiefly to the promoting and furtherance of Gods word, as by this and many other experimūts may be sene: so his ministers and members followyng the like qualitie of their maister, be not altogether idle for their partes: as also by the Popes Chapleins and Gods enemies, and by their cruell handlyng of the said M. Tyndall the same tyme, both here in England and in Flanders, may well appeare.
[Back to Top]Whē Gods will was, that the new Testament in þe cō mon tongue shoulde come abroade, Tyndall the translator therof added to the latter ende a certayne Epistle, wherin he desyred them that were learned to amend, if ought were found amysse
For what followers see William Tyndale, Doctrinal Treatises and Introductions to Different Portions of the Holy Scriptures, ed. Henry Walter, Parker Society (Cambridge, 1848), pp. 396-8.
The bishops and Prelates of the realme, thus (as ye haue heard) incensed and inflamed in their mynds, although hauyng no cause, agaynst the olde and new Testament of the Lord newly translated by Tindall, and conspiring together with all their heds and counsails, how to repeale the same, neuer rested before they had brought the kyng at last to their consent.MarginaliaThe popishe prelates procured not onely the cōdemnatiō of M. Tyndals bookes, but also burned both them & the Testamēt, calling it Doctrinam perigrinam, straunge doctrine. By reason wherof a proclamatiō in all hast was deuised and set forth vnder publike authoritie: but no iust reason shewed, that the testament of Tindals translation, with other workes moe both of his and of other wryters, were inhibited and abandoned, as he heard before
In concentrating upon the prohibition of the circulation of the scriptures in English, issued by Cuhbert Tunstall on 23 October 1527 (not 24 October 1527, as Foxe states) were crystal-clear. It was a golden opportunity to emphasise the opposition to the spread of evangelical truth among the English ecclesiastical hierarchy on the eve of the events that Foxe will shortly describe, and which led to the reformation. Cuthbert Tunstal, bishop of London, had been consecrated there on 19 October 1522 (provided on 10 September and the temporalities assigned 7 October). He would be translated to the see of Durham on 21 February 1530. The archdeacon, to whom the prohibition was addressed, was Geoffrey Wharton, collated 29 March 1526 (see Tunstal's register at London Guildhall MS, 9531/10: Episcopal Register Tunstal: 1522-29/30, fol.14b). Wharton died two years later on c.30 October 1529 (fol.28). His vicar-general, also mentioned in the prohibition, was Richard Foxford. The translated and printed New Testament, whose circulation it sought to prevent was Tyndale's New Testament, completed by February 1526 at the Peter Schoeffer printer in Worms, the first to be printed in the English vernacular. It is interesting that, for all the trouble Chancellor Thomas More and Bishop Stokesley would put him through, the major influence upon Tyndale's translation had been Erasmus' own Greek New Testament, which was available to him in its third edition of 1524 (with its Latin translation and notes). Stokesley had defended an earlier edition of Erasmus before Henry VIII in 1521 (Collected Works of Erasmus, 67 vols. (Toronto, 1974-91), vi, p.63 (no.855), viii, pp.8ff, 19; L&P, ii/ii, 4340) while More's relationship with Erasmus is well known. Tyndale had also used Luther's 1521 September Testament (see, Brian Moynahan, William Tyndale [London, 2002], p.6). Tyndale would make much of the fact that Erasmus had been his major influence.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaPriuie conspiration of the Bishops agaynst M. Tyndall. In the registers of London it appeareth manifest, how that the
'Coram' means 'court'; in this case, the people summoned before an episcopal court.
Foxe only mentions a crucial fact later in his narrative: Smith was Patmore's curate and Benmore his maidservant. Patmore's active support, if not outright instigation, of this marriage was necessary.
MarginaliaThe order & maner of taking of Tindall, testified by Poyntz his host. William Tyndall being in the town of Antwerpe, had bene lodged about one whole yeare in the house of Thomas Pointz an Englishman, who kept there an house of english merchantes
Thomas Poyntz was a merchant in the English House at Antwerp and a kinsman of Lady Walsh, the wife of Tyndale's first patron.
MarginaliaThe frendship of Tyndall shewed to Philips his betrayer. Maister Tyndall diuers tymes was desired forth to dinner and supper amongst merchantes: by the meanes wherof this Henry Philips became acquainted with hym, so that within short space M. Tyndall had a great confidence in hym: and brought him to his lodging to the house of Tho. Pointz, and had hym also with him once or twise to dinner and supper, and further entred such frendship with him that through his procurement, he lay in the same house of the sayd Pointz: To whom he shewed moreouer hys bookes and other secrets of hys study, so little did Tindall then mistrust thys traytour.
[Back to Top]