Thematic Divisions in Book 11
1. The Martyrdom of Rogers 2. The Martyrdom of Saunders 3. Saunders' Letters 4. Hooper's Martyrdom 5. Hooper's Letters 6. Rowland Taylor's Martyrdom 7. Becket's Image and other events 8. Miles Coverdale and the Denmark Letters 9. Bonner and Reconciliation 10. Judge Hales 11. The Martyrdom of Thomas Tomkins 12. The Martyrdom of William Hunter 13. The Martyrdom of Higbed and Causton 14. The Martyrdom of Pigot, Knight and Laurence 15. Robert Farrar's Martyrdom 16. The Martyrdom of Rawlins/Rowland White17. The Restoration of Abbey Lands and other events in Spring 155518. The Providential Death of the Parson of Arundel 19. The Martyrdom of John Awcocke 20. The Martyrdom of George Marsh 21. The Letters of George Marsh 22. The Martyrdom of William Flower 23. The Martyrdom of Cardmaker and Warne 24. Letters of Warne and Cardmaker 25. The Martyrdom of Ardley and Simpson 26. John Tooly 27. The Examination of Robert Bromley [nb This is part of the Tooly affair]28. The Martyrdom of Thomas Haukes 29. Letters of Haukes 30. The Martyrdom of Thomas Watts 31. Censorship Proclamation 32. Our Lady' Psalter 33. Martyrdom of Osmund, Bamford, Osborne and Chamberlain34. The Martyrdom of John Bradford 35. Bradford's Letters 36. William Minge 37. James Trevisam 38. The Martyrdom of John Bland 39. The Martyrdom of Frankesh, Middleton and Sheterden 40. Sheterden's Letters 41. Examinations of Hall, Wade and Polley 42. Martyrdom of Christopher Wade 43. Nicholas Hall44. Margery Polley45. Martyrdom of Carver and Launder 46. Martyrdom of Thomas Iveson 47. John Aleworth 48. Martyrdom of James Abbes 49. Martyrdom of Denley, Newman and Pacingham 50. Richard Hooke 51. Martyrdom of William Coker, et al 52. Martyrdom of George Tankerfield, et al 53. Martyrdom and Letters of Robert Smith 54. Martyrdom of Harwood and Fust 55. Martyrdom of William Haile 56. George King, Thomas Leyes and John Wade 57. William Andrew 58. Martyrdom of Robert Samuel 59. Samuel's Letters 60. William Allen 61. Martyrdom of Roger Coo 62. Martyrdom of Thomas Cobb 63. Martyrdom of Catmer, Streater, Burwood, Brodbridge, Tutty 64. Martyrdom of Hayward and Goreway 65. Martyrdom and Letters of Robert Glover 66. Cornelius Bungey 67. John and William Glover 68. Martyrdom of Wolsey and Pigot 69. Life and Character of Nicholas Ridley 70. Ridley's Letters 71. Life of Hugh Latimer 72. Latimer's Letters 73. Ridley and Latimer Re-examined and Executed74. More Letters of Ridley 75. Life and Death of Stephen Gardiner 76. Martyrdom of Webb, Roper and Park 77. William Wiseman 78. James Gore 79. Examinations and Martyrdom of John Philpot 80. Philpot's Letters 81. Martyrdom of Thomas Whittle, Barlett Green, et al 82. Letters of Thomas Wittle 83. Life of Bartlett Green 84. Letters of Bartlett Green 85. Thomas Browne 86. John Tudson 87. John Went 88. Isobel Foster 89. Joan Lashford 90. Five Canterbury Martyrs 91. Life and Martyrdom of Cranmer 92. Letters of Cranmer 93. Martyrdom of Agnes Potten and Joan Trunchfield 94. Persecution in Salisbury Maundrell, Coberly and Spicer 95. William Tyms, et al 96. Letters of Tyms 97. The Norfolk Supplication 98. Martyrdom of John Harpole and Joan Beach 99. John Hullier 100. Hullier's Letters 101. Christopher Lister and five other martyrs 102. Hugh Lauerocke and John Apprice 103. Katherine Hut, Elizabeth Thacknell, et al 104. Thomas Drury and Thomas Croker 105. Thomas Spicer, John Deny and Edmund Poole 106. Persecution of Winson and Mendlesam 107. Gregory Crow 108. William Slech 109. Avington Read, et al 110. Wood and Miles 111. Adherall and Clement 112. A Merchant's Servant Executed at Leicester 113. Thirteen Burnt at Stratford-le-Bow114. Persecution in Lichfield 115. Hunt, Norrice, Parret 116. Martyrdom of Bernard, Lawson and Foster 117. Examinations of John Fortune118. John Careless 119. Letters of John Careless 120. Martyrdom of Julius Palmer 121. Agnes Wardall 122. Peter Moone and his wife 123. Guernsey Martyrdoms 124. Dungate, Foreman and Tree 125. Martyrdom of Thomas More126. Martyrdom of John Newman127. Examination of John Jackson128. Examination of John Newman 129. Martyrdom of Joan Waste 130. Martyrdom of Edward Sharpe 131. Four Burnt at Mayfield at Sussex 132. John Horne and a woman 133. William Dangerfield 134. Northampton Shoemaker 135. Prisoners Starved at Canterbury 136. More Persecution at Lichfield
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1464 [1438]

Q. Mary. M. Hoopers Letter, Comparison betwene Polycarpus and M. Hooper.

MarginaliaAn. 1555. February.Vtcunque immanes Boreæ, magnæq; procellæ
Flatibus aduersis tam clarum abrumpere lumen
Nitantur frustra. Nam quæ Deus ipse secundat,
Quis prohibere queat? mortalia facta sed vltro
Et commenta ruunt, vastaq; voragine fidunt.
Hoperi exemplo, quotquot spiratis Iesu
Doctrinam Christi, discrimina temnere vitæ,
Durare, & vosmet rebus seruare secundis
Discite. Namq; dabit Deus his meliora: nec auris
Audijt vlla, oculus vel vidit, sed neque captus
Humanæ mentis potuit complectier vnquam,
Qualia, quanta Deus seruet sua bona beatis.

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Thus was he three quarters of an houre or more in the fire. Euen as a Lambe, patiently he abode the extremitie therof, neither mouyng forwardes, backwardes, or to any side: MarginaliaThe patient end of this holy Martyr.but hauing his nether partes burned, and his bowels fallen out, he dyed as quietly as a childe in his bed:  

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This graphic account of Hooper's death, which appears in the Rerum and in every edition of the Acts and Monuments, had two purposes: to demonstrate the cruelty of the catholic church and, even more importantly, to demonstrate the stoicism of the martyramid extreme suffering. (On the polemical importance of this stoicism see Collinson [1983] and Freeman [1997]).

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and he now reigneth as a blessed martyr in the ioyes of heauen prepared for the faythfull in Christ before the foundations of the world: for whose constancie all Christians are bound to prayse God.

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¶ A letter which Maister Hooper dyd write out of prison to certaine of his frendes.  
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This letter was first printed in 1563, then in Letters of the Martyrs, pp. 123-25, and then in all the editions of the Acts and Monuments.

MarginaliaA letter exhortatory of Maister Hooper to certaine of his frendes.THe grace of God be with you, Amen. I did write vnto you of late, and told you what extremitie the parlament had concluded vpon, concerning Religion, suppressing the truth, and setting forth the vntruth, intending to cause all men by extremitie to forsweare themselues, and to take againe for the head of the Churche, him that is neither head nor member of it, but a very enemie, as the worde of God & all ancient writers do record: and for lacke of lawe and authoritie, they wyl vse force and extremitie, MarginaliaThe Popes religion standeth onely vpon force and extremitye.which haue bene the argumentes to defende the Pope and poperie, sith this wicked authority began first in the world. But now is the tyme of trial, to see whether we feare more God or man. It was an easie thing to holde with Christ whiles the Prince and world held with him: but now the world hateth him, it is the true trial who be his.

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Wherfore in the name and in the vertue, strength, and power of his holy spirite, prepare your selues in any case to aduersitie and constancie. Let vs not runne away when it is most tyme to fight. Remember none shall be crowned, but such as fight manfully: and he that endureth vntil the end shalbe saued. Ye must nowe turne all your cogitations from the perill you see, and marke the felicitie that foloweth the peryl: either victorie in this world of your enimies, or els a surrender of this life to inherite the euerlasting kyngdome. MarginaliaNeither the felicity nor the misery of this world is to be looked vpon.Beware of beholding to much the felicitie or the misery of this world: for the consideration and too earnest loue or feare of either of them draweth from God.

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Wherefore thinke with your selues as touching the felicitie of the worlde, it is good: but yet none otherwyse then it standeth with the fauour of God. It is to be kept: but yet so farre foorth as by keeping of it we loose not God. It is good abidyng and tarrying styl amonges our frendes here: but yet so, þt we tary not therwithall in Gods displeasure, and hereafter to dwell with the diuels in fire euerlastyng. There is nothing vnder God but may be kept, so that god being aboue al thinges we haue, be not lost.

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MarginaliaAduersitye compared with aduersitie.Of aduersitie iudge the same. Imprisonment is painfull: but yet libertie vpon euell conditions is more painfull. The prisons stincke: but yet not so much as sweete houses, where as the feare and true honour of God lacketh. I must be alone & solitary. It is better so to be & haue God with me, then to be in company with the wicked. Losse of goodes is great, but losse of Gods grace and fauour is greater. I am a poore simple creature, & cā not tell how to aūswere before such a great sort of noble, learned & wise mē: MarginaliaAntithesis betwene ioyes and paynes in this worlde and in the world to come.It is better to make aunswere before the pompe and pryde of wicked men then to stand naked in the sight of all heauen and earth before the iust God at the latter daye. I shall dye then by the handes of the cruell man, hee is blessed that looseth this lyfe full of miseries, and findeth the life of eternall ioyes. It is payne and griefe to departe from goods and frendes: but yet not so much, as to depart from grace and heauen it selfe Wherfore there is neither felicity nor aduersity of this world that can appeare to be greate, if it be wayed with the ioyes, or paynes in the worlde to come.

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I can do no more, but pray for you: do the same for mee, for gods sake. For my part (I thanke the heauenly father) I haue made myne accompts and appointed my selfe vnto the will of the heauenly father: as he will, so I wyll, by hys grace. For Gods sake as soone as ye can, sende my poore

wyfe and children some letter from you,  

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Hooper could not have known it but Anna Hooper would die in December 1555. The eventual fate of his son Daniel remains obscure, but at the time he was being raised in Frankfurt by Valerand Pullain, a leader of the French protestant congregation in Frankfurt and a relative of Anna Hooper.

and my letter also which I sent of late to D. As it was tolde me, shee neuer had letter from me sythens the commyng of M. S.  
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In 1583, this is rendered 'M.S.', but in earlier editions it is 'Master S.'

vnto her: the more to blame the messengers, for I haue wrytten diuers tymes. The Lord comfort them, and prouide for thē for I am able to do nothyng in worldly thynges. MarginaliaM. Hoopers care and commendation of his wyfe.She is a godly & wise womā. If my meanyng had bene accōplished, shee should haue had necessary thinges, but þt I meāt, God can perfourme, to whom I commend both her and you all. I am a precious Iewell nowe and daintely kept, neuer so deintely: for neither myne owne man, nor any of the seruauntes of the house may come to me, but my keeper alone: a simple rude man (God knoweth) but I am nothing careful therof.

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Fare ye well, the. 21. of Ianuary. 1555.

Yours bounden, Iohn Hooper.

Amongest many other memorable actes and notes worthy to be remembred in the history of M. Hooper, this also is not to be forgotten, which happened betwene him and a bragging Frier a litle after the beginnyng of his imprisonment: the story wherof here followeth.

MarginaliaTalke betewene M. Hooper and a Fryer in the prison.A Frier came frō Fraunce to England with great vaunt, askyng who was the greatest heriticke in all England, thinkyng belyke to doe some great act vppon him. To whom aunswere was made that M. Hooper had then the greatest name to be the chiefest ringleader: who was thē in the Fleete. The Frier comming to him, asked why he was committed to prison. He sayd for debt.  

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Officially Hooper was imprisoned for debts he owed to the Crown as bishop of Gloucester and of Worcester.

Nay, sayd he, it was for heresie. Which when the other had denyed, what sayest thou (quoth he) to hoc est corpus meum? M. Hooper beyng partly moued at þe sodaine questiō, desired that he might aske of him agayne an other question, whiche was this: What remayned after the consecration in the Sacrament: any bread or no? No bread at all sayth hee. And when ye breake it, what do ye breake: eyther the bread or the body, sayd Maister Hooper? No bread sayd the Frier, but the body onely. If you do so, sayd M. Hooper, ye do great iniury, not onely to the body of Christ, MarginaliaIf the materiall body of Christ be broken in the Sacrament, then is the commaundement of gods word broken.but also ye breake the scriptures, whiche say: ye shall not breake of him one bone. &c. With that the Frier hauing nothing belyke to aunswere, sodainly recoyled backe, and with his circles and crosses began to vse exorcisme agaynst M. Hooper, as though. &c. This & more wrote M. Hooper to Maistres Wylkinson in a letter, whiche letter was read vnto her by Iohn Kelke,  
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Note that John Kelke is declared to be still living in 1570 and 1576 but that this passage was removed from 1583.

who is yet a lyue.

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¶ Comparison betwene M. Hooper and Polycarpus.  
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It was an important polemical point for Foxe to identify his martyrs with those of the early church, since the sanctity of the latter was admitted by the catholics, while the sanctity of the former was decidely not. This section associates Hooper with the venerated martyr Polycarp in two important respects: their stoicism and their orthodoxy.

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MarginaliaA comparison betwene M. Hooper & Polycarpus.WHen I see and behold the great patience of these blessed Martyrs in our dayes, in their sufferinges so quietly & constantly abidyng the tormentes that are ministred vnto them of princes for Gods cause: me thinkes I may well & worthely compare them vnto the olde Martyrs of the primatiue Church. In the number of whom , if comparison be to be made betwixt Saint and Saint: Martyr and Martyr, with whom might I match this blessed Martyr M. Iohn Hooper better through the whole catalogue of the old Martyrs, then with Polycarpus the auncient Byshop of Smirna, of whom MarginaliaEseb. lib. 4. cap. 15.Eusebius maketh mencion in the Ecclesiasticall story? For as both agreed together in one kinde of punishment, beyng both put to the fire, so which of them shewed more patience and constancye in the tyme of their sufferyng, it is hard to be sayd. And though Polycarpus beyng set in the flame (as the story sayth) was kept by miracle from the torment of the fire, tyll hee was stricken downe with weapon, and so dispatched: yet Hooper by no lesse miracle armed with patience and feruent spirite of Gods comfort, so quietly despised the violence therof, as though he had felt little more then dyd Polycarpus in þe fire flamyng round about hym.

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Moreouer, as it is written of MarginaliaOf this Policarpus read before pag. 42.Polycarpus, when hee should haue bene tyed to the stake, he required to stād vntyed, saying these wordes: Sinite me, qui namque ignem ferre posse dedit, dabit etiam vt fine vestra clauorum cautione immotus in rogo permaneam. That is: Let me alone, I pray you, for he that gaue me strength to come to this fire wyll also geue me patience to abyde in the same, without your tying. So lykewise Hooper, with the like spirite, when hee should haue ben tyed with three chaynes, to the stake requiryng thē to haue no such mistrust of him, was tied but with one, who and if hee had not bene tyed at all, yet (no doubt) would haue no lesse aunswered to that great patience of Polycarpus.

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MarginaliaM. Hooper compared to Polycarpus in life.And as the end of them both was much agreeyng, so the lyfe of them both was such, as might seeme not farre

dis-