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PrefaceBook 1Book 2Book 3Book 4Book 5Book 6Book 7Book 8Book 9Book 10Book 11Book 12
Thematic Divisions in Book 11
1. The Martyrdom of Rogers 2. The Martyrdom of Saunders 3. Saunders' Letters 4. Hooper's Martyrdom 5. Hooper's Letters 6. Rowland Taylor's Martyrdom 7. Becket's Image and other events 8. Miles Coverdale and the Denmark Letters 9. Bonner and Reconciliation 10. Judge Hales 11. The Martyrdom of Thomas Tomkins 12. The Martyrdom of William Hunter 13. The Martyrdom of Higbed and Causton 14. The Martyrdom of Pigot, Knight and Laurence 15. Robert Farrar's Martyrdom 16. The Martyrdom of Rawlins/Rowland White17. The Restoration of Abbey Lands and other events in Spring 155518. The Providential Death of the Parson of Arundel 19. The Martyrdom of John Awcocke 20. The Martyrdom of George Marsh 21. The Letters of George Marsh 22. The Martyrdom of William Flower 23. The Martyrdom of Cardmaker and Warne 24. Letters of Warne and Cardmaker 25. The Martyrdom of Ardley and Simpson 26. John Tooly 27. The Examination of Robert Bromley [nb This is part of the Tooly affair]28. The Martyrdom of Thomas Haukes 29. Letters of Haukes 30. The Martyrdom of Thomas Watts 31. Censorship Proclamation 32. Our Lady' Psalter 33. Martyrdom of Osmund, Bamford, Osborne and Chamberlain34. The Martyrdom of John Bradford 35. Bradford's Letters 36. William Minge 37. James Trevisam 38. The Martyrdom of John Bland 39. The Martyrdom of Frankesh, Middleton and Sheterden 40. Sheterden's Letters 41. Examinations of Hall, Wade and Polley 42. Martyrdom of Christopher Wade 43. Nicholas Hall44. Margery Polley45. Martyrdom of Carver and Launder 46. Martyrdom of Thomas Iveson 47. John Aleworth 48. Martyrdom of James Abbes 49. Martyrdom of Denley, Newman and Pacingham 50. Richard Hooke 51. Martyrdom of William Coker, et al 52. Martyrdom of George Tankerfield, et al 53. Martyrdom and Letters of Robert Smith 54. Martyrdom of Harwood and Fust 55. Martyrdom of William Haile 56. George King, Thomas Leyes and John Wade 57. William Andrew 58. Martyrdom of Robert Samuel 59. Samuel's Letters 60. William Allen 61. Martyrdom of Roger Coo 62. Martyrdom of Thomas Cobb 63. Martyrdom of Catmer, Streater, Burwood, Brodbridge, Tutty 64. Martyrdom of Hayward and Goreway 65. Martyrdom and Letters of Robert Glover 66. Cornelius Bungey 67. John and William Glover 68. Martyrdom of Wolsey and Pigot 69. Life and Character of Nicholas Ridley 70. Ridley's Letters 71. Life of Hugh Latimer 72. Latimer's Letters 73. Ridley and Latimer Re-examined and Executed74. More Letters of Ridley 75. Life and Death of Stephen Gardiner 76. Martyrdom of Webb, Roper and Park 77. William Wiseman 78. James Gore 79. Examinations and Martyrdom of John Philpot 80. Philpot's Letters 81. Martyrdom of Thomas Whittle, Barlett Green, et al 82. Letters of Thomas Wittle 83. Life of Bartlett Green 84. Letters of Bartlett Green 85. Thomas Browne 86. John Tudson 87. John Went 88. Isobel Foster 89. Joan Lashford 90. Five Canterbury Martyrs 91. Life and Martyrdom of Cranmer 92. Letters of Cranmer 93. Martyrdom of Agnes Potten and Joan Trunchfield 94. Persecution in Salisbury Maundrell, Coberly and Spicer 95. William Tyms, et al 96. Letters of Tyms 97. The Norfolk Supplication 98. Martyrdom of John Harpole and Joan Beach 99. John Hullier 100. Hullier's Letters 101. Christopher Lister and five other martyrs 102. Hugh Lauerocke and John Apprice 103. Katherine Hut, Elizabeth Thacknell, et al 104. Thomas Drury and Thomas Croker 105. Thomas Spicer, John Deny and Edmund Poole 106. Persecution of Winson and Mendlesam 107. Gregory Crow 108. William Slech 109. Avington Read, et al 110. Wood and Miles 111. Adherall and Clement 112. A Merchant's Servant Executed at Leicester 113. Thirteen Burnt at Stratford-le-Bow114. Persecution in Lichfield 115. Hunt, Norrice, Parret 116. Martyrdom of Bernard, Lawson and Foster 117. Examinations of John Fortune118. John Careless 119. Letters of John Careless 120. Martyrdom of Julius Palmer 121. Agnes Wardall 122. Peter Moone and his wife 123. Guernsey Martyrdoms 124. Dungate, Foreman and Tree 125. Martyrdom of Thomas More126. Martyrdom of John Newman127. Examination of John Jackson128. Examination of John Newman 129. Martyrdom of Joan Waste 130. Martyrdom of Edward Sharpe 131. Four Burnt at Mayfield at Sussex 132. John Horne and a woman 133. William Dangerfield 134. Northampton Shoemaker 135. Prisoners Starved at Canterbury 136. More Persecution at Lichfield
Critical Apparatus for this Page
Commentary on the GlossesCommentary on the TextCommentary on the Woodcuts
Names and Places on this Page
Unavailable for this Edition
1535 [1509]

Q. Mary. The death and Martyrdome of Thomas Haukes.

many thynges, MarginaliaTho. Haukes standing at the stake reasoneth with the Lord Rich.but especially vnto the Lord Riche, reasonyng with hym of the innocent bloud of the Saintes, at

length after his feruent prayers first made, and poured out vnto God, the fire was set vnto hym.

¶ The Martyrdome of Thomas Haukes in Essex, at a Towne called Coxhall. Anno. 1555. Iune. 10.

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The young, 'comely' and well-informed Essex gentleman, Thomas Haukes, called an exemplary 'bright starre' by the martyrologist, having been examined and condemned in London, was committed to Lord Rich and returned to Essex for execution at Coggeshall. There friends and acquaintance came to his burning, shown in this crowded scene hemmed in by armed guards. They asked for a signal to show that the spirit could remain constant in the fire, and Haukes is depicted giving this, lifting his hands over his head and clapping them as he gave his last. His last words, given in italic letters in 1563, were renewed in roman with slight differences in each of the succeeding three editions. The slopes and trees and village church in the background quite deftly suggest the country location. The style of the central portion of the woodcut, with its straight lines of stacked wood and flames that snake around the martyr, bear some similarity to the small group of single-column cuts that appear to have been borrowed from another (unidentified) source (see Introduction).

In the which when he continued long, and when his speech was taken away by violence of the flame, hys skinne also drawen together, and his fingers consumed with the fire, so that now all men thought certainely hee had bene gone, sodaynly and contrary to all expectation, MarginaliaA token geuen in the fire that burning is not so intolerable a payne as it was thoughtthe blessed seruaunt of GOD, beyng myndefull of his promise afore made, reached vp hys handes burning on a light fier (which was marueilous to behold) ouer his head to the liuing God, and with great reioysing, as seemed, strooke or clapped them three tymes together. At the sight wherof there followed such applause and outcry of the people, and especially of thē which vnderstode the matter, that  

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Note the difference between this description in 1563 and in the subsequent editions. This is another example of Foxe toning down his rehetoric in the 1570 edition.

the like hath not cōmonly bene heard: And so the blessed Martyr of Christ, straight way sinckyng downe into the fire, gaue vp his spirite, An. 1555. Iune. 10.MarginaliaThe end and Martyrdome of Thomas Haukes at Coxhall. And thus haue you playnly and expresly described vnto you the whole story, as well of the lyfe, as of the death of Thomas Haukes, a most constant and faythfull witnes of Christes holy Gospell.

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¶ Letters.  
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The Letters of Thomas Haukes

The letters of Haukes to his congregation and to his wife first appeared in the 1563 edition. Foxe may have obtained them from Haukes's widow or family. The letter to Clement Throgmorten, first printed in 1570, almost certainly came from Throgmorton or his family.

¶ An Epistle to the Congregation by Thomas Haukes.  
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This letter first appears in the 1563 edition. It was not reprinted in the Letters of the Martyrs but it was reprinted in all subsequent editions of the Acts and Monuments. ECL 260, fol. 57r is a copy of this letter.

 

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Letters of Hawkes

Hawkes' obsession with the avoidance of idolatry is made clear ('He exhorteth her to beware of Idolatry'; 'Idolatry punished of God'; 'Praying to God & not to creatures'). As is usual (and in contrast to the far more disputational section which precedes this one), the glosses accompanying the letters are informative rather than interpretative.

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MarginaliaA letter of Thomas Haukes to the congregation.GRace, mercy, and peace, from God the father, and from our Lord Iesus Christ, bee alway with you all (my deare brethren and sisterne in the Lord Iesus Christ) for euer: and his holy Spirite conduct and leade you all in all your doynges, that you may alwayes direct your deedes accordyng to his holy word, that when he shall appeare to reward euery man accordyng to their workes: ye may as obedient children be found watchyng, ready to enter into his euerlastyng kyngdome with your lampes burnyng,  
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The imagery in this passage is from Matthew 25: 1-10.

& when the Bridegrome shall shewe him selfe, ye neede not to be ashamed of this lyfe that God hath lent you, whiche is but transitory, vayne, and lyke vnto a vapour, that for a season appeareth and vanisheth away: so soone passeth away all our terrestrial honour, glory, and felicitie. For all flesh (sayth

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the Prophet) is grasse, and all his glory, as the floure of the fielde, which for a season sheweth her beautie, and as soone as the Lord bloweth vpon it, it withereth away, and departeth.  

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Isaiah 40: 6.

For in this transitory and daungerous wildernes, we are as Pilgrimes & straungers, followyng the footesteps of Moses, among MarginaliaThe manifold daungers which a true christian hath to passe thorow in this world.many vnspeakeable daungers, beholdyng nothyng with our outward man, but all vayne vanities, and vexation of mynde: subiect to hunger, cold, nakednesse, bondes, sickenes, losse, labours, banishment, in daunger of that dreadfull Dragon, and his sinnefull seede, to be deuoured, tempted, and tormented, who ceaseth not behynde euery bush to lay a bayte, when we walke awrye to haue his pleasure vpon vs, casting abroad his apples in all places, tymes, and seasons, to see if Adam will be allured and entised to leaue the liuyng God and his most holy Cōmaundementes, whereby he is assured of euerlastyng lyfe, promising the world at will, to all that will fall downe in all ages, and for a messe of potage,  
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See Genesis 25: 29-34.

sell & set at nought the euerlastyng kyngdome of heauen. So frayle is flesh and bloud: And in especiall Israell is most ready to walke awry, when hee is filled with all maner of riches (as sayth the Prophet.)  
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If Haukes is quoting a biblical verse here it is unclear which one he is quoting.

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Therfore I am bold in bondes (as entierly desiryng your euerlastyng health & felicitie) to warne you, and most hartely desire you to watch and pray: for your estate is daūgerous, & requireth continuall prayer. MarginaliaThe hyer in dignity, the nearer to daunger.For on the high moūtaines doth not grow most plenty of grasse, neither are the hyghest trees farthest from daunger, but seldome sure, and alwayes shaken of euery wynde that bloweth. Such a deceitfull thyng (sayth our Sauiour) is honour & riches, that, without grace it choketh vp the good seede sowen on hys creatures, and blindeth so their seyng, that they go gropyng at noone day in darkenes: it maketh a mā thincke him selfe somwhat, þt is nothing at al. For though for our honour we esteeme our selues and stand in our owne light, yet when we shall stand before the lyuyng God, there shalbe no respect of persons. Marginalia
Prouerb. 11.
Riches helpe not before God.For riches helpeth not in the day of vengeaunce: neither cā we make the Lord partial for money. But as ye haue ministred vnto the Saintes, so shall ye receiue:

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