Marginalia1555. Iune.ches in Europe, being true members and partes of the said Catholike and vniuersal Church do beleue & teach, is both agreeyng with the sayd Catholicke and vniuersall Church, and with the fayth and religion of Christ, MarginaliaThe fayth of the Romish Church not to be beleued.and also is the very true fayth and religion, which all Chrysten people ought to beleue, obserue, folow, and keepe: but contrarywise thou hast beleued and doest beleue, that that fayth and Religion, whiche the sayd Church of Rome, and all the other Churches aforesayd haue heretofore beleued, and do beleue is false erroneous, and naught, and in no wise ought to bee beleued, obserued, kept, and folowed of any Christian person.

4. Item, that albeit it be true that in the Sacrament of the aulter, there is in substaunce the very body and bloud of our sauiour Christ vnder the formes of bread and wyne: and albeit that it be so beleued, taught and preached vndoubtedly in the sayd Church of Rome and all other Churches aforesayd, yet thou hast not so beleued, nor doest so beleue, but contrariwise thou hast beleued, and doest beleue firmely and stedfastly, that there is not in the sayd Sacrament of the alter, vnder the sayd formes of bread and wyne, the very substance of Christes body and bloud, MarginaliaNote how this geare is penned to the worst.but that there is onely the substaunce of materiall and common bread and wyne with the formes therof, & that the said materiall & common bread & wine are onely the signes & tokens of Christes body & bloud & are by fayth to be receiued onely for a remēbraūce of Christes passion & death, without any such substaunce of Christes body and bloud at all.

MarginaliaThis Article not so put downe as they ment it.5. Item,  

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As Foxe's marginal notes reveal, he was clearly concerned that this article might be interpreted by readers as too strong a rejection of the sacrament.

6. Item, that thou hast likewise beleued, thought, and spoken that the Masse now vsed in this realme of England and other the Churches aforesaid, is abominable & nought and full of idolatry, and is of the ordinaunce of the Pope & MarginaliaThe Masse not of Christes institution.not of the institution of Christ: and hath no goodnes in it, sauing the Gloria in excelsis, the Epistle and Gospell, and therfore thou hast not, nor wilt not come and be present at Masse, nor receaue the sacrament of the aulter nor any other sacrament of the church, as they are now vsed in this realme of England. &c.

7. Itē, that thou hast in tymes past beleued and yet doest now beleue, that MarginaliaAgainst auricular confession and church seruice.auricular confession is not necessary to be made vnto the priest: but is a thyng superfluous, voyde and nought, only to be made to God, and to none other person. And lykewise thou hast condemned as superfluous, vayne, and vnprofitable all the ceremonies of the church, & the seruice of the same, and hast sayd that no seruice in the church ought to be sayd, but in the English toung, and if it be otherwise, it is vnlawfull and nought.

8. Item that thou beyng notoriously and openly suspected for an hereticke, and a person culpable in the premisses, wast of late called and conuented before the Earle of Oxford, and Maister Philip Paris, and there wast charged with the sayd heresies especially agaynst the sacrament of the aulter. And because thou diddest mayntayne and stand to thy sayd heresies, and wouldest not come to the church, and bee confessed, and receiue the sayd sacrament, as other Christian people dyd, but vtterly diddest refuse to doe the same, thou wast by the sayd MarginaliaThe Earle of Oxford. Maister Phillip Paris.Earle of Oxford and Maister Philip Paris, sent vp by a Constable vnto me byshop of London, and wast by them denounced, detected, and put vp to me as an hereticke and mysbeleuyng person.

9. Item, that thou hast knowen and beleued, thou doest know and beleue or at the least thou hast crediblye heard reported, spoken and sayd, that all and all maner persōs, which do teach, preach, or hold any thing cōcernyng the sacramēts of the Church, or any the Articles of the fayth, otherwise then is founde already discussed and determined by the mother the holy Church, or doth call into doubt or question that thing which is already decided or determined by the Church or that willyngly and wetyngly doe vtter openly or priuely any sclaunderous or blasphemous wordes concernyng þ^e sayd sacramentes or any of them, or that do preach teach, or kepe any sect or kynd of heresy agaynst the wholsome doctrine of the church, and do wittingly willingly, or obstinately defend the sayd sect or kynde of heresye, are by the Canons of the whole and vniuersall Catholycke Church, and also by the ecclesiasticall lawes of this Church of England by theyr so doyng, accursed with that curse, whiche doth separate them from the entry into the Church, from the receiuyng of the sacramentes, and from the company of faythfull people, and are (in continuing in this sayd sect and heresy) to be pronoūced, declared, and taken for heretickes, and to be deliuered to the secular power, and by the lawes temporall of this

realme of England, and the custome of the same, to be by the sayd secular power put to death and brent for thys sayd sect and heresy.

10. Item, that thou by reason of the premisses wast and art to be pronounced, taken, had, reputed, and iudged for a manifest and open, wilfull and obstinate hereticke, for a wicked and cursed person, and to be punished accordyngly for the same, accordyng to the sayd Canon lawes, vsages, and customes.

¶ The aunsweres which the sayd Thomas Osmund William Bamford, and Nicholas Chamberlaine seuerally made vnto these Articles.  

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The letter from Oxford to Bonner, the articles objected against the martyrs and their answers were all taken from Bonner's official records, probably from a court book which is now missing.

MarginaliaThe aunsweres of the three prisoners to the Articles, agreeing all in one.TO the first they aunswered and confessed the same to bee true, except that they do beleue that there is here in earth one catholicke and whole Church, and that the same church doth hold and beleue as is conteyned in this article.

To the second they aunswere, and beleue the sayd article not to be true: for they say that they haue and do beleue, that they are necessarily bounden vnder payne of damnation of their soule, to geue full fayth and credence vnto the sayd catholycke church and to the fayth and religion of the same, in all necessary pointes of the same fayth and religion, without waueryng or doubtyng in any part therof.

To the third they answer, that the churche of Rome, & other Churches mencioned in this article, MarginaliaThe Church of Rome not to be beleued.be not true members and partes (as they bee vsed in fayth and religion) of þ^e catholicke church of Christ, and that the fayth and religion vsed in the sayd Churches, is not agreeable with the church of Christ, but are false and erroneous.

To the fourth they aunswere and say, that howe so euer the sayd Churches of Rome and others of Christendome haue and do beleue touching the sacrament of the aulter, yet they do beleue, that in the Sacrament vnder the formes of bread and wyne, there is not the very substance of Christes body and bloud, but that there is onely the substaunce of materiall bread and wyne, and that the same materiall bread & wyne be onely the signes and tokens of Christes body and bloud, and are to be receiued onely for a remembraunce of Christes passion & death, without any substance of Christes body and bloud at all.

To the fift article they aunswer, that MarginaliaThe true eating of Christes body.the true receiuyng and eatyng of Christes body, accordyng to Christes institution, is to take, distribute, & eate materiall bread, and therby to remember the passion and death of Christ, and so receiue by fayth (as they beleue) Christes body and bloud and not otherwyse.

To the sixt they aunswere the same to be true in euery part therof, except that ouer and besides the Gloria in excelsis, the Epistle and gospell, which they beleue to bee good, they beleue the Pater noster and Creede vsed in the Masse be also good.

To the seuenth they aunswere and confesse, that MarginaliaAuricular confession not necessaryauricular confession is not necessary to be made to the Priest: neuerthelesse they thincke that it is necessary to go to such a Priest, as is able to geue good Counsell And that for counsell only, and not otherwise. MarginaliaCeremonies idle in the church.And as cōcerning the ceremonies of the Churche, they aunswere the same to bee vayne and vnprofitable. No seruice in the Churche ought to be sayd, but onely in the English toung.

To the eyght they aunswer and beleue the same to be true in euery part therof, except that they doe not beleue that they be heretickes, or suspected of heresy.

To the ninth, Osmund and Bamford aunswered, þ^t they referred them selues to the sayd lawes, mencioned in that article, but Chamberlayne made no aunswere at all to this article.

To the tenth the sayd Osmond and Bamforde aunswered and sayd, that by reason of their beliefe afore by them confessed, they are not to be reputed, taken, or iudged for wilfull and obstinate heretickes, nor to be punished therfore, as is declared in that article. The other aunswered nothing.

¶ Scholies  

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I.e., notes.

vpon the foresayd articles.  

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Foxe added this section, warning the reader against accepting the articles objected to by the three martyrs at face value, in the 1570 edition. It is likely that some readers of the first edition pointed out to Foxe the danger of having these articles stand unchallenged as expressing the views of the martyrs. Some of the articles might allow the catholics to challenge the orthodoxy of the martyrs and also to provide a justificatory model for religious radicals.

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MarginaliaNotes or Scholies vppon the Articles vsed to be ministred to the poore Christians, by the Popes Church.THese articles in the same forme and maner of wordes are commonly obiected to all other that follow after, with the same aunsweres also therto annexed. In which articles thou mayest note (Reader) the crafty & subtile handlyng of these lawers and Registers, who so deceitfully frame theyr articles and positions, that vnlesse a man do aduisedly consider them, it is hard for a simple man to aunswere to them, but hee shall bee snared and intangled. So they paynt theyr Church with such a visage of vniuersall, whole, holy, catholycke, as who should say: he that denyeth Rome, denyeth the holy Church of Christ here in earth.