Marginalia1555. Iuly.partying them abidyng, well Maister Bradford (quoth he) yet I pray you let vs conferre a litle: perchaunce you may do me good, if I can do you none: Vppon whiche wordes Bradford was content, and so they began to talke. Willerton spake much of the Doctours, the fathers, of the bread in the 6. chapter of S. Iohn &c. laboring to proue transubstantiation, and that wicked men do receaue Christ.
[Back to Top]But Bradford on the contrary part improued
I.e., disproved [OED].
The next day folowyng in the mornyng, MarginaliaWillerton sendeth his writing to Bradford to proue transubstantiation.Willerton sent halfe a shete of a paper written on both sides, contayning no reasons how hee gathered his doctrine, but onely bare sentences: Panis quem ego dabo, &c.
Panis quem ego dabo, etc. The bread whiche I will geue is my flesh. et panis quem ego dabo caro mea est pro mundi vita [Accurate citation]
MarginaliaWillerton commeth agayne to Bradford.In the after noone he came him selfe, and there they had a longe talke to litle effect. At the length Willerton began to talke of the Church, saying that Bradford swarued from the Church.
Brad. No, that do I not, but ye do. For the * Churche is Christes spouse, and Christes obedient spouse, which your Church is not, which robbeth the people of the Lordes cup, and of seruice in the English toung.
Willerton. Why? it is not profitable to haue the seruice in English: for it is written: Labia Sacerdotis custodiunt legem.
Labia Sacerdotis custodiunt legem The lippes of thePriest should keepe the law [and out of his mouth man must looke for knowledge.] labia enim sacerdotis custodient scientiam et legem requirent ex ore eius. [Note the differences - Foxe may have translated the Greek or Hebrew himself.]
Bradford. Should not the people then haue the Scriptures? Wherefore serueth this saying of Christ: Search the Scriptures?
Willer. This was not spoken to the people, but to the Scribes and learned men.
Brad. Then the people must not haue the Scriptures.
Willer. No, for it is written: MarginaliaArgument Erunt docti a Deo. Ergo the people must not haue the scriptures.Erunt docti a Deo:
Erunt docti a deo. They shalbe all taught of God.
Brad. And must we learne all at the Priestes?
Willerton. Yea.
Brad. Then I see you would bryng the people to hang vp Christ and let Barrabas go, as the Priestes dyd then perswade the people. At whiche woordes, Maister Willerton was so offended that he had no lust to talke any more. MarginaliaM. Bradfords reason agaynst transubstantiation not aunswered.In the end Bradford gaue him the reasons whiche he had gathered agaynst transubstantiation, and prayed him to frame his into the forme of reasons, and then, quoth Bradford, I will aunswere them.
[Back to Top]Willer. Well I will do so. But first I wil aūswere yours. The which thyng vntill this day he hath not done.
Vpon the 12. of February there came MarginaliaThe Earle of Darbies seruaunt.one of the Earle of Darbyes
In what follows, we again see the earl of Derby's interest in Bradford's case and his efforts to secure Bradford's recantation or removal from England.
Bradford. I thanke his Lordshyp for his good will toward me: but in this case I can not tender my selfe more then Gods honour.
Seruaunt. Ah M. Bradford, consider your mother, sisters, frendes, kinsfolke, and countrey, what a great discomfort it wilbe vnto them to see you dye as an hereticke.
MarginaliaM. Bradford preferreth Christ before all hys kynne and kynred.Brad. I haue learned to forsake father, mother, brother, sister, frend, & all that euer I haue, yea euen myne owne selfe, or els I can not be Christes Disciple.
Seruaunt. If my Lorde should obtayne for you that ye might depart the Realme, would ye not be content to be at the Queenes appoyntment, where she would appoynt you beyond the Sea?
An interesting offer and one that contrasts with the government's reluctance to let Coverdale go abroad. Apparently the earl of Derby was quite anxious that Bradford not die for his faith.
Bradford. No, MarginaliaBradford contented to be burned in England, rather then to be sent ouer the sea to Popish places.I had rather bee burned in England, then be burned beyond the Seas. For I know that if she should send me to Paris, Louaine, or some such place, forthwith they would burne me.
Bradford is determined to cast his adversaries in the worst possible light and deliberately to misunderstand an offer of qualified clemency.
MarginaliaPerciuall Creswell talketh with Bradford.VPon the xiiij. of February, Perciuall Creswell, an old acquayntaunce of Bradfordes came to hym, bryngyng with him a kynsman of Maister Fecknams, who after many wordes sayd.
Creswell. I pray you let me make labour for you.
Cresswell is asking Bradford to let him intercede on Bradford's behalf.
Bradford. You may do what ye will.
Creswell. But tel me what sute I should make for you.
Brad. Forsoth that ye will do, do it not at my request, for I desire nothing at your handes.MarginaliaCreswell offereth to make sute for M. Bradford. If the Queene will giue me life, I will thanke her. If shee will banish me, I wyll thanke her, If shee will burne me, I will thanke her: If shee will condemne mee to perpetuall prisonment, I wyll thanke her.
[Back to Top]Hereupon Creswell went away, & MarginaliaMores booke brought to Bradford.about a. xi. of the clocke he and the other man came agayne, and brought a boke of Mores making, desiryng Bradford to reade it ouer.
Bradford: taking the booke, sayd: Good Perciuall, I am setled for beyng moued
I.e., Bradford is saying that he is determined not to change his mind.
Creswell. Oh, if euer ye loued me, do one thing for me.
Bradford What is it?
Creswell. Desire and name what learned man or men ye will haue to come vnto you. My Lord of Yorke, my Lord of Lyncolne, my Lorde of Bath, and others wil gladly come vnto you.
Brad. No, neuer wyll I desire them or any other to come to conferre with me, for I am as certaine of my doctrine as I am of any thing, But for your pleasure, and also that all men may know I am not ashamed to haue my fayth sifted and tried, bryng whom ye will, and I will talke with them. So they went their way.
[Back to Top]And about. 3. of the clocke in the afternone MarginaliaD. Harding commeth to M. Bradford.maister Doctor Hardyng, who was then þe Byshop of Lyncolns Chaplaine came to Bradford, and after a great and solemne protestation, shewing how that he had prayed to God before he came to turne his talke to Bradfordes good, he begā to tell of the good opinion he had of Bradford, and spent the tyme in such tratling,
Prattling.
Hardyng. But Hardyng counted Bradford in a dānable estate, as one beyng out of the Church, and therefore willed him to take heede of his soule, & not to die in such an opinion,
Brad. What M. Harding, quoth Bradford? MarginaliaD. Harding reuolted from his former professionI haue heard you with these eares maintaine this that I stand in.
Bradford is saying that he has heard Harding articulate protestant beliefs.
Harding. I graunt that I haue taught that the doctrine of transubstantiation was a subtill doctrine, but otherwise I neuer taught it. And so hee inueying agaynst mariages of Priestes, and namely agaynst MarginaliaD. Harding inueyeth agaynst Peter Martyr Bucer, and Luther.Peter Martyr, Martin Bucer, Luther, and such, which for breakyng their vowes were iustly geuen vp into heresies (as he sayd) Bradford seyng him altogether geuen vp to Popery, after admonishment therof, bad him farewell.
[Back to Top]A copy of this talk is in Foxe's papers (ECL 260, fos. 88r-91r). It is in the handwriting of Augustine Bernher, Hugh Latimer's amanuensis. Bernher may have copied the examination for Latimer or he may have copied it for circulation among other protestants.
MarginaliaD. Harpesfield talketh with M. Bradford.VPō the. xxv. of February Perciual Creswell came with M. Harpsfield Archdeacon of London, and a seruaunt waytyng vppon him. After formall salutations, he made a long oration, of which this is a short summe: That all men euen the infidels, Turkes, Iewes, Anabaptistes, & Libertines
Libertine is used as a general term of abuse in the sixteenth century covering atheism, agnosticism, scepticism and general immorality.
Harps. Then sayd Harpsfield, MarginaliaFelicitie coueted of all men, but the way to felicitye not knowen of all men.but the way thither is not all alyke. For the infidels by Iupiter, Iuno: the Turke by his Alcoran:
The Koran.
Brad. You speake truely.
Harps. Well, then here is the matter, to know the way to this heauen.
Brad. We may not inuent any manner of wayes. MarginaliaThe true way to felicitie.There is but one way, & that is Iesus Christ, as he himselfe doth witnesse: I am the way.
Harps. It is true that you say, and false also. I suppose that you meane by Christ, beleuyng in Christ.
Brad. I haue learned to discerne betwixt fayth & Christ, Albeit I confesse, that who so beleueth in Christ, the same shall be saued.
Harps. No not all that beleue in Christ: for some shal say, Lord, Lord, haue not wee cast out deuils? &c. But Christ will aunswere in the daye of Iudgement to those: Depart from me, I know you not.
Brad. You must make a difference MarginaliaNote the difference betwene beleuing, and saying I beleue.betwixt beleuing, and saying I beleue. As for example: if one should say and sweare he loueth you, for all his saying ye will not beleue him whē you see hee goeth about to vtter and do all the euill agaynst you that he can.
[Back to Top]Harps. Well, this is not much materiall. There is but one way Christ. Howe come we to know hym? Where shall we seeke to finde him?