Marginalia1555. Iuly.to put of your cap: for it is not so holy that you neede to put of your cap thereunto. Farther beying apposed concerning the veritie of the sacrament geuen to Christes disciples, he affirmed, that MarginaliaChrist gaue his body, as he sayd he was a dore.euen as Christ gaue his very body to his disciples, and confessed it to be the same, so likewise Christ him selfe saide, he was a doore. &c. adding moreouer, that as he had said before, so he saith styl, that the sacrament of the aultar is an Idole and no remembrance of Christes Passion, and contrary he knoweth not. At last being required to put to his hand in subscribing to his answeres, he wrote these wordes vnder the byll of their examinations: MarginaliaThe subscription of Henry Laurence.Ye all are of Antichrist, and him ye fol. And here his hande was staied to write any further: Belike he woulde haue writtē out (followe.) &c. And so vpon the same, sentence was read agaynst hym the. 2. of August.
Foxe added this date in the 1570 edition.
MarginaliaRichard Colliar.RIchard Colliar aboue mentioned, hauing the sixteenth daye of August to appeare, examined of the Sacrament of the Popishe Aultar, aunsweared, and saide, MarginaliaThe wordes of Richard Colliar.that he dyd not beleeue, that after the Consecration there is the reall and substantiall bodye of Christ, but onely breade and wyne,
In a marginal gloss, Foxe was careful to 'clarify' Colliar's eucharistic theology, so that Colliar denied transubstantiation but not the sacrament itself.
Foxe added this date in the 1570 edition.
This detail was added in 1570 and probably came from an eyewitness to Colliar's condemnation.
MarginaliaRichard Wright.RIchard Wright the same place and daye, beyng the sixteenth of August, appearing, and required of the Iudge what he beleeued of the reall presence in the Sacramente, aunsweared againe, that as touching the Sacrament of the Aultar and the Masse, MarginaliaRichard Wright ashamed to speake of the Sacrament of the Aultar.he was ashamed to speake of it, or to name it, and that he allowed it not, as it was vsed in the church. Against whom the sentence also was read the day and place aforesaid.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaWilliam Stere, Martyr.WIlliam Stere of the foresaide Parishe of Ashford, likewise detected and accused, was brought to appeare the
saide. xvi. daye of August, where he in the saide Chapterhouse of Canterbury, being required to make aunsweare to
the positions laide to hym by the Iudge, made answeare againe, that he should commaund his dogges, and not hym: and further declared,
These details of Stere's condemnation were added in 1570 and probably came from an eyewitness to it.
Stere is arguing that Thomas Cranmer was the true archbishop of Canterbury and that as such Cranmer alone had the authority to try him.
And moreouer, the Iudge speaking of the sacrament of the aultar with reuerence therof, and putting of his cap, he saide that he needed not to reuerence that matter so highly. And thus saying to the Iudge, that he was a bloudy man. &c. MarginaliaSentence against William Stere.the sentence was pronounced againste hym: after which sentence being read, he said, that the sacrament of the aultar was the most blasphemous Idol that euer was. &c.
[Back to Top]And thus these sixe heauenly martyrs and witnes bearers to the truth, being cōdemned by the bloudy Suffragā & Archdeacō of Cant. M. Collins & M. Faucet,
The names of Collins and Faucet were added in 1570.
The copy of their sentence cōdemnatorie you may finde aboue in the storie of Iohn Rogers, pag. 1417.MarginaliaRead before, pag. 1417 for the papistes in all their condemnations folowe one maner of sentence of course commonly against all that be cōdemned thorow their vnmercyfull tyrannie.
All that the Rerum says about these martyrs is that George Tankerfield wasexecuted at St Albans in late August 1555 (p. 513). Almost all of the account of these martyrs was first printed in the 1563 edition. The letter from the royal commissioners and the summary of Elizabeth Warne's examinations are taken from London diocesan accounts; the rest of this material came from oral sources. These accounts were unchanged in the 1570 and 1576 editions, but in the 1583 edition a detailed account of Tankerfield's final hours was added for the first time; the accountcertainly came from an eyewitness or eyewitnesses.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaTen Martyrs sent vp together to Byshop Boner.AFter the burning of these sixe aboue named, nexte folweth the persecution of ten other true seruants & saints of the Lorde, not such saintes as the Pope maketh, or whiche are mentioned in Legenda sanctorū
Legenda sanctorum ... vitis patrum ... de vita sanctorum Wallensium. etc.
Not translated.
Legends of the saints ... lives of the fathers ... on the life of the Valdensian saints. etc
Legenda sanctorum ... vitis patrum ... de vita sanctorum Wallensium. etc.
Not translated.
Legends of the saints ... lives of the fathers ... on the life of the Valdensian saints. etc
I.e., full of fables and legends, not factual.
Legenda sanctorum ... vitis patrum ... de vita sanctorum Wallensium. etc.
Not translated.
Legends of the saints ... lives of the fathers ... on the life of the Valdensian saints. etc
These were all medieval collections of saints' lives.
Hi sunt qui sequuntur Agnum quocunque ierit, quique lauarunt stolas suas in sanguine Agni.
These be they that folowe the Lambe wither soeuer he goeth, and whiche haue washed their stooles in the bloud of the Lambe. &c.
hii sunt qui veniunt de tribulatione magna et laverunt stolas suas et dealbaverunt eas in sanguine agni.
Note that this was spelled as 'Salvator' in the 1563 edition, but was corrected in the 1570 edition to 'Salinator'. This is an indication of the thoroughness of the proof-reading of the 1570 edition. The name was misprinted as 'Salmator' in the 1583 edition.
Marcus Tullius Cicero (106 - 143 BCE), the Roman orator and writer.
Foxe is quoting from Cicero, Cato Maior de Senectute, sections 7 and 11. Marcus Livius Salinator was the Roman governor of the city of Tarentum during the Second Punic War. Salinator held the citadel when the rest of the city was captured by Hannibal. After the Roman consul Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator had recaptured Tarentum in 209 BCE, Salinator was irritated that all of the glory went to Fabius and commented that the city would not have been recaptured if not for him. Fabius responded that this was indeed true, for if Salinator had not lost Tarentum, then he, Fabius, could not have recaptured it. Foxe is saying that the pope similarly created saints, for if there were no persecution, there would be no martyrs.
[Back to Top]Elizabeth Warne. George Tankerfield. Robert Smyth. Steuen Harwood. Thomas Fust. | William Hale. Thomas Leyes. George King. Iohn Wade. Ioane Layshford. |
The Prisons of London beginnyng nowe to be replenished with Gods saintes, and styll moe and moe comming in, the Counsaile and Commissioners thinking to make redy dispatch with the poore prisoners, caused these ten aboue named to be sent with their letter directed to Boner Bishop of London by hym to be examined, and ryd out of the way.
The privy council was putting pressure on Bonner to speed up the trials of those accused of heresy; this would become particularly clear in the case of John Philpot.
This letter was almost certainly copied out of a now lost court book of Bishop Bonner.
MarginaliaThe letter of the commissioners to Byshop Boner.AFter our harty commendations to your good Lordship, we send you here Iohn Wade, William Hayle, George King Thomas Leyes of Thorpe in Essex, Thomas Fust Hosier, Robert Smyth Painter, Steuē Harwod Bruer, George Tankerfield Cooke, Elizabeth Warne, Ioane Layshford of London, Sacramentaries: all whiche we desire your Lordship to examine, & to order according to the Ecclesiasticall lawes: praying your Lordship to appoynt some of your officers to receiue thē at this bearers hand. And thus most hartily, fare your Lordship wel. From London this 2. Iuly.
[Back to Top]Your Lordships louyng frendes.MarginaliaNames of the Commissioners.
Nicholas Hare. William Roper. | Richard Rede. William Cooke. |