Thematic Divisions in Book 11
1. The Martyrdom of Rogers 2. The Martyrdom of Saunders 3. Saunders' Letters 4. Hooper's Martyrdom 5. Hooper's Letters 6. Rowland Taylor's Martyrdom 7. Becket's Image and other events 8. Miles Coverdale and the Denmark Letters 9. Bonner and Reconciliation 10. Judge Hales 11. The Martyrdom of Thomas Tomkins 12. The Martyrdom of William Hunter 13. The Martyrdom of Higbed and Causton 14. The Martyrdom of Pigot, Knight and Laurence 15. Robert Farrar's Martyrdom 16. The Martyrdom of Rawlins/Rowland White17. The Restoration of Abbey Lands and other events in Spring 155518. The Providential Death of the Parson of Arundel 19. The Martyrdom of John Awcocke 20. The Martyrdom of George Marsh 21. The Letters of George Marsh 22. The Martyrdom of William Flower 23. The Martyrdom of Cardmaker and Warne 24. Letters of Warne and Cardmaker 25. The Martyrdom of Ardley and Simpson 26. John Tooly 27. The Examination of Robert Bromley [nb This is part of the Tooly affair]28. The Martyrdom of Thomas Haukes 29. Letters of Haukes 30. The Martyrdom of Thomas Watts 31. Censorship Proclamation 32. Our Lady' Psalter 33. Martyrdom of Osmund, Bamford, Osborne and Chamberlain34. The Martyrdom of John Bradford 35. Bradford's Letters 36. William Minge 37. James Trevisam 38. The Martyrdom of John Bland 39. The Martyrdom of Frankesh, Middleton and Sheterden 40. Sheterden's Letters 41. Examinations of Hall, Wade and Polley 42. Martyrdom of Christopher Wade 43. Nicholas Hall44. Margery Polley45. Martyrdom of Carver and Launder 46. Martyrdom of Thomas Iveson 47. John Aleworth 48. Martyrdom of James Abbes 49. Martyrdom of Denley, Newman and Pacingham 50. Richard Hooke 51. Martyrdom of William Coker, et al 52. Martyrdom of George Tankerfield, et al 53. Martyrdom and Letters of Robert Smith 54. Martyrdom of Harwood and Fust 55. Martyrdom of William Haile 56. George King, Thomas Leyes and John Wade 57. William Andrew 58. Martyrdom of Robert Samuel 59. Samuel's Letters 60. William Allen 61. Martyrdom of Roger Coo 62. Martyrdom of Thomas Cobb 63. Martyrdom of Catmer, Streater, Burwood, Brodbridge, Tutty 64. Martyrdom of Hayward and Goreway 65. Martyrdom and Letters of Robert Glover 66. Cornelius Bungey 67. John and William Glover 68. Martyrdom of Wolsey and Pigot 69. Life and Character of Nicholas Ridley 70. Ridley's Letters 71. Life of Hugh Latimer 72. Latimer's Letters 73. Ridley and Latimer Re-examined and Executed74. More Letters of Ridley 75. Life and Death of Stephen Gardiner 76. Martyrdom of Webb, Roper and Park 77. William Wiseman 78. James Gore 79. Examinations and Martyrdom of John Philpot 80. Philpot's Letters 81. Martyrdom of Thomas Whittle, Barlett Green, et al 82. Letters of Thomas Wittle 83. Life of Bartlett Green 84. Letters of Bartlett Green 85. Thomas Browne 86. John Tudson 87. John Went 88. Isobel Foster 89. Joan Lashford 90. Five Canterbury Martyrs 91. Life and Martyrdom of Cranmer 92. Letters of Cranmer 93. Martyrdom of Agnes Potten and Joan Trunchfield 94. Persecution in Salisbury Maundrell, Coberly and Spicer 95. William Tyms, et al 96. Letters of Tyms 97. The Norfolk Supplication 98. Martyrdom of John Harpole and Joan Beach 99. John Hullier 100. Hullier's Letters 101. Christopher Lister and five other martyrs 102. Hugh Lauerocke and John Apprice 103. Katherine Hut, Elizabeth Thacknell, et al 104. Thomas Drury and Thomas Croker 105. Thomas Spicer, John Deny and Edmund Poole 106. Persecution of Winson and Mendlesam 107. Gregory Crow 108. William Slech 109. Avington Read, et al 110. Wood and Miles 111. Adherall and Clement 112. A Merchant's Servant Executed at Leicester 113. Thirteen Burnt at Stratford-le-Bow114. Persecution in Lichfield 115. Hunt, Norrice, Parret 116. Martyrdom of Bernard, Lawson and Foster 117. Examinations of John Fortune118. John Careless 119. Letters of John Careless 120. Martyrdom of Julius Palmer 121. Agnes Wardall 122. Peter Moone and his wife 123. Guernsey Martyrdoms 124. Dungate, Foreman and Tree 125. Martyrdom of Thomas More126. Martyrdom of John Newman127. Examination of John Jackson128. Examination of John Newman 129. Martyrdom of Joan Waste 130. Martyrdom of Edward Sharpe 131. Four Burnt at Mayfield at Sussex 132. John Horne and a woman 133. William Dangerfield 134. Northampton Shoemaker 135. Prisoners Starved at Canterbury 136. More Persecution at Lichfield
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1687 [1661]

Q. Mary. The death and Martyrdome of B. Ridley & M. Latimer.

MarginaliaAnno. 1555. October.very sure,  

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In the 1563 edition, Foxe states that 'one master Warner' was the warden who denounced Ridley. This would have been John Warner, the warden of All Souls. But Warner was not only a powerful figure in Elizabeth's reign - he became dean of Winchester - he was also considered to be a staunch protestant and had, indeed, been deprived of his position at All Souls under Mary. In later editions Foxe simply says that the warden's name was uncertain.

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MarginaliaThe wordes of a certain Warden or head of a Colledge.bad Doct. Ridley repent him, and forsake that erroneous opinion. Whereunto M. Ridley sayd: Sir, repent you, for you are out of the truth: and I pray God (if it bee his blessed will) haue mercy vpon you, and graunt you the vnderstanding of his worde. Then the Wardon being in a chafe thereat, said: I trust that I shall neuer be of your erroneous and deuilysh opinion, neyther yet to be in that place whether you shall go. He is, saith he, the most obstinatest, & wilfullest man that euer I heard talke since I was borne.

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¶ The behauiour of Doctour Ridley at his Supper the night before his suffring.

MarginaliaD. Ridley biddeth gestes to his mariage.THe night before he suffered, his beard was washed, and his legges: and as he sat at supper the same night at M. Irishes (who was his keper) he bad his hostes, and the rest at the bourde to his mariage: for (saith he) to morow I must be maried: and so shewed hym self to be as mery as euer he was at any tyme before. And wishing his sister at his mariage, he asked his brother sittyng at the Table, whether she could finde in her harte to bee there or no: and he aunswered, yea, I dare saie, with all her harte: at whiche woorde he saied, he was glad to heare of her so muche therein. MarginaliaMistres Irish a great Papist before, weepeth for D. Ridley.So at this talke Maistres Irishe wept.

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But M. Ridley comforted her,  

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Ridley and Margarert Irish seem to have become much closer since June 1555 when Ridley had written scathingly of her to Grindal.

and saied: Oh maistres Irishe, you loue me not now, I see well enough. For in that you wepe, it doeth appeare you will not be at my mariage, neither are content therewith. In deede you be not so muche my friende, as I thought you had been. But quiet your self: though my breakfast shall be somewhat sharpe and painfull, yet I am sure my supper shalbe more pleasaunt and sweete. &c.

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When they arose from the Table, his brother offered hym to watche all night with hym. But he said, no, no, that you shall not. MarginaliaB. Ridley careles of his death.For I mynde (God willyng) to goe to bed, and to slepe as quietly to nighte, as euer I did in my life. So his brother departed, exhortyng him to be of good chere, and to take his Crosse quietly, for the reward was greate. &c.

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¶ The behauiour of Doctor Ridly and M. Latimer, at the tyme of their death, whiche was the. xvi. daie of October. An. 1555.

MarginaliaThe order and maner of B. Ridley and M. Latymer going to the stake.VPon the Northside of the toune, in the Ditche ouer against Baily Colledge, the place of execution was appointed: and for feare of any tumult that might arise, to let the burning of thē, the Lorde Willyams was commaunded by the Queenes Letters, and the householders of the Citie, to bee there assistaunt sufficiently appointed, and when euery thyng was in a readinesse, the prisoners were brought forthe by the Maior and Bailiffes.

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M. Ridley had a faire blacke goune furred, and faced with foines, suche as he was wont to weare beyng Bishop, & a tippet of veluet furred  

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A tippet is a clerical garment covering the neck and shoulders. Ridley, in contrast to Latimer, dressed for his execution as befitted his status. Also note Foxe's rewriting of this passage in the 1570 edition; this is a sign of the care and attention which Foxe gave to the account of the martyrdoms of Ridley and Latimer.

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likewise about his necke, a veluet night cap vpon his head, & a corner cap vpō the same, goyng in a paire of slippers to the stake, and goyng betwene the Maior and an Alderman. &c.

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After hym came M. Latimer in a poore Bristowe frise frocke all worne, with his buttened cappe, & a kerchief on his head, al ready to þe fire, a new long shroude hanging ouer his hose doune to the feete,  

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Latimer's attire is a complete contrast to Ridley's dress. But it is also worth observing that Latimer's costume had the effect of generating sympathy for the former bishop. Far from indicating a mental breakdown, Latimer's dress and demeanour seem to have been shrewd self-presentation.

whiche at the first sight, stirred mennes hartes to rue vpon them, beholdyng on the one side the honour they had somtyme had, on the other, the calamitie whereunto they were fallen.

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M. Doctor Ridley, as he passed towardes Bocardo, lookyng vp where M. Cranmer did lye, hoping belike to haue seen hym at the glasse windowe, & to haue spoken vnto hym. But then M. Cranmer was busie wt Frier Soto & his fellowes disputyng together, so that he could not see hym through that occasion.  

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Foxe's account is verified, and supplemented, here by Hicholas Harpsfield's account of Thomas Cranmer's imprisonment and execution. Cranmer was indeed disputing with de Soto, but before the executions commenced he was taken to the tower of the north gate at Oxford overlooking the site of the executions and witnessed the last moments of Ridley and Latimer (Bishop Cranmer's Recantacyons, ed. Lord Houghton [Philobiblion Society Miscellanies 15, 1877-84], pp. 48-50). Interestingly the woodcut of the execution in the Acts and Monuments depicts Cranmer in the tower watching the execution although this seemingly contradicts what is said in this passage.

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Then M. Ridley lookyng backe, espied M. Latimer commyng after. Vnto whom he saied: Oh be ye there Yea saied M. Latimer) haue after as fast as I can followe. MarginaliaD. Ridley and M. Latymer brought together to the stakeSo he followyng a pretie waie of, at length thei came both to the stake one after the other, where firste D. Ridley enteryng the place, marueilous earnestly holdyng vp bothe his handes, looked towardes heauen: then shortly after espiyng M. Latimer, with a wonderous chereful looke, MarginaliaThe behauiour of D. Ridley & M. Latymer at the stake.ran to hym, embraced and kissed hym, and as thei that stoode neare reported, comforted hym, saiyng: be of good harte brother, for God will either asswage the furie of the flame, or els strengthen vs to abide it.

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With that went he to the stake, kneled doune by it, kissed it, moste effecteously praied, and behinde him M.

Latimer kneeled, as earnestly callyng vppon God as he. After they arose, the one talked with the other a little whyle, till thei whiche were appointed to see the execution, remoued them selues out of the Sunne. What thei saied, I can learne of no man.

MarginaliaD. Smith preaching at the burning of B. Ridley and M. Latymer.Then D. Smith of whose recātation in kyng Edwardes tyme, ye heard before, pag. 1370. began his sermon to them, vpon this text of sainct Paule, in the xiij. Chapter of the first Epistle to the Corinthians: Si corpus meum tradam igni, charitatem autem non habeo, nihil inde vtilitatis capio.  

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Dr. Smith, citing I Corinthians, 12. (13). 3.
Foxe text Latin

Si corpus meum tradam igni, charitatem autem non habeo, nihil inde vtilitatis capio.

Foxe text translation

If I yeld my body to the fire to be burnt, and haue not Charity, I shall gayne nothing therby.

Actual text of I Corinthians, 13. (12). 3. (Vulgate)

et si tradidero corpus meum ut ardeam caritatem autem non habuero nihil mihi prodest.

That is: If I yelde my bodie to the fire to be burnte, and haue not Charitie, I shall gaine nothyng thereby. Wherein he alledged that the goodnesse of the cause, and not the order of death, maketh the holinesse of the persone: Whiche he confirmed by the examples of Iudas, and of a woman in Oxford that of late hanged her self, for that they and suche like as he recited, mighte then bee adiudged righteous, whiche desperately sundered their liues from their bodies, as he feared that those menne that stoode before hym, would doe. MarginaliaDoct. Smith rayleth agaynst the Martyrs.But he cried still to the people to beware of them, for they were heretikes, and died out of the Churche. And on the other side, he declared their diuersities in opinions, as Lutherians, Oecolampadians, Zuinglians, of whiche secte they were, (he said) and that was the worste: MarginaliaChristes cōgregatiō burdened with diuersitie of opinions.but the old churche of Christ and the Catholicke faithe beleued farre otherwise. At whiche place they lifted vp bothe their handes and eyes to heauen, as it were callyng GOD to witnesse of the truthe. The whiche countenaunce they made in many other places of his Sermon, whereas they thought he spake amisse. He ended with a very shorte exhortation to them, to recante and come home againe to the Churche, and saue their liues and soules, which els were condemned. His Sermon was scante in all a quarter of an hower.

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Doctour Ridley saied to M. Latimer: will you begin to aunswere the Sermon, or shall I? Maister. Latimer saied: beginne you first, I praie you. I will, saied M. Ridley.

MarginaliaD. Ridley ready to answere D. Smithes Sermon, but could not be suffered.Then the wicked Sermon beyng ended, Doctoure Ridley and maister Latimer kneled doune vpon their knees towardes my Lorde Willyams of Tame, the Vicechauncellour of Oxford, and diuers other Commissioners appointed for that purpose, whiche sat vpō a forme there by. Vnto whom M. Ridley saied: I beseche you my lorde, euen for Christes sake, that I may speake but twoo or thre wordes: and whilest my lorde bent his heade to the Maior and Vicechauncellour, to knowe (as it appeared) whether he mighte giue hym leaue to speake, the Bailiffes and D. Marshall Vicechauncellour ran hastely vnto hym, and with their hādes stopped his mouthe,MarginaliaDoct. Marshall Vicechauncellour of Oxford stoppeth Doct. Ridleis mouth. and saied: M. Ridley, if you will reuoke your erroneous opinions, and recante the same, you shall not onely haue libertie so to doe, but also the benefite of a subiecte, that is, haue your life. Not otherwise, saied M. Ridley? No quod Doctor Marshall: therefore if you will not do so, then there is no remedy but you must suffer for your desertes. Well (quod maister Ridley] so long as the breathe is in my bodie, I will neuer deny my Lorde Christe, and his knowen truthe: Gods will be doen in me. And with that he rose vp, & saied with a loude voice: MarginaliaB. Ridley cōmitteth his cause to God.Wel, then I cōmit our cause to almightie God, whiche shall indifferently iudge all.

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MarginaliaM Latymers wordes when he could not be suffered to answere Doctour Smith.To whose saiyng, M. Latimer added his old Posie.  

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A motto or personal slogan.

Well, there is nothyng hid but it shall bee opened: and he saied he could aunswere Smith well enough, if he might be suffered. Incontinently  
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Immediately.

thei were cōmaunded to make them ready, whiche they with all mekenes obeyed. M. Ridley tooke his goune and his *Marginalia* This was no popish Tippet but made only to keepe his necke warme. Tippet,  
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A clerical garment worn about the neck and shoulders. In a gloss Foxe tries to maintain that this did not indicate support for the clerical vestments. Actually Ridley did not share Foxe's animus against clerical vestments, despite the martyrologist's best efforts to cast him in that light.

and gaue it to his brother in lawe M. Shepside, who all his tyme of imprisonment, although he might not be suffered to come to hym, laie there at his owne charges to prouide hym necessaries, whiche from tyme to tyme he sente hym by the Sergeant that kepte hym. Some other of his apparell that was little worthe, he gaue awaie: other the Bailiffes tooke.

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MarginaliaD. Ridley giueth awaye his apparell and other gifts to the people about him.He gaue awaie besides, diuers other small thynges to gentlemen standyng by, and diuers of them pitifully weepyng, as to Sir Henry Ley he gaue a new groate, and to diuers of my lorde Willyams gentlemen, some Napkins, some Nutmegges, and races  

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A rase is an archaic unit of measurement.

of Ginger, his Diall,  
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A sundial.

and suche other thynges as he had about hym, to euery one that stoode nexte hym. Some plucked the pointes  
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Laces.

of his hose. Happie was he that might get any ragge of hym.

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M. Latimer