MarginaliaAnno. 1555. October.to obey orders as I haue obeyed, that we may all be the children of obedience.

Now I will returne to the text. When Simon had aunswered: Tu es Christus filius Dei viui,  

MarginaliaMath. 16.Thou art Christ the sonne of the liuing God, Then Christ sayd vnto him: blessed art thou Simon Bariona, for fleshe and bloude haue not opened that vnto thee, but my father which is in heauen, and I say vnto thee that thou art Peter, and vpon this rocke will I build my church, and the gates of hell shall not preuayle against it. Blessed art thou (said he) for flesh and bloud haue not opened that vnto thee. For otherwise in Iohn, Andrew told of Christ and said: MarginaliaIohn. 1.I haue found the Messias which is Christ But that is not enough. He that shall confesse Christ, must haue an inward teaching, and must bee spiritually taught by the father of heauen,MarginaliaOutward confessing without inward teaching is not enough.for Andrewes confession was nothing but a carnall confession, and such a one as any other might haue made by naturall reason: but the confession of Peter was aboue reason of man, for Christ was there a very man, and Peters eyes told him that he was a man and nothing els, but he was inwardly taught by the father of heauen and had a secret knowledge geuen him from heauen, not by flesh and bloud, that is to say, by mans reason,. but inwardly by the father of heauen: and seing this was aboue reason, it is a merueilous thing that reason should bee vsed to impugne faith, which is not wythin the precinct of carnall men, and suche as vse grosse reason.

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But Peter had an other lesson inwardly taught hym, and because he could his lesson, Christ gaue him a new name: MarginaliaPetrus what it signifieth.for Petra is a stone, a new name of a Christen mā, for vpon this confession of thy fayth, heere I will build my church,MarginaliaNote what Winchester here sayth: that vpon the cōfession of Peter the church is builded. that is, I will stablish all those which I entēd to gathe vnto thee: Et Dæmones non preualebunt aduersus eam,  

that is: and the Deuils shall not preuaile against it: for he that with a good hart, and sure fayth cōfesseth this, he is sure from all perill: this world nor Sathan can do him no harme.

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But now for a further declaration, it is a meruelous thing, that vpō these wordes the Bishop of Rome should found his supremacie, for whether it be super Petram, or Petrum, all is one matter, it maketh nothing at all for the purpose to make a foundatiō of any such supremacie.MarginaliaSteuen Gardiner agaynst the Popes supremacie.For otherwise when Peter spake carnally to Christ (as in the same chapter a litle folowing) Sathan was his name, where Christ sayd: Go after me Sathan,MarginaliaPeter called Sathan.so that the name of Peter is no foundation for the supremacie,MarginaliaPeters name no foūdatiō for supremacie.but as it is sayd in Scripture: Fundati estis super fundamentum Apostolorum & Prophetarum:  

that is, by participation (for godly participation geueth names of thynges) he might be called the head of the church,MarginaliaHow Peter might be called head of the church as is the head of a riuer.as the head of the riuer is called the head, because he was the first that made this confession of Christ, which is not an Argument for dignitie, but for the qualitie that was in the mā For the first mā is not euermore the best. The Headman of a Quest is not alwayes the best man in the Quest, but is chosen to bee the Headman for some other qualitie that is in him.MarginaliaA headman is not alwayes of dignitie, but rather of qualitie.Vertue may allure men, so that the inferiour person in dignitie may be the better in place, as the king sometime chuseth a meane man of his Coūsayle of whom he hath a good opinion, yet is the kyng the kyng still. And in some case the kyng of England might send to Rome, and if the Bishop of Rome were a mā of such wisedome, vertue, & learning that he were able in matters of cōtrouersie concernyng religion, to set a vnitie in the Church of England, the kyng might well enough send vnto him for his Counsel and helpe, & yet should not in so doyng, geue the Byshop of Rome any superioritie ouer the king. For if a kyng be sicke, he will haue the best Phisition, if he haue warre, he will haue the best captaine, and yet are not those the superiours but the inferiours.

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A scholemaster is a subiect, a Phisition is a subiect, a Captaine is a subiect, Counsellours are subiectes, yet do these order and direct the kyng: wherfore leuing the Byshop of Rome, this I say to declare of what opinion I am of. I do not now speake what I could say. I haue spoken beyond the Seas, I haue written, my bookes be abroad. But this is not the place here: MarginaliaTu es Petrus, maketh nothing for the B. of Rome.I say that this place maketh nothyng for the Byshop of Rome, but for Christ only, for none can put Aliud fundamentum nisi id quod positum est, qui est Christus Iesus.  

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But now to go forth declaring my minde, in my time hath come many alterations. MarginaliaWinchester agaynst þ^e Pope, agaynst Abbeyes, and Images.First a great alteration it was to renounce the Byshop of Romes authoritie, and I was one that stode in it. A great alteration it was that Abbayes were dissolued. A great alteration it was that I-

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mages were pulled downe: and to all these did I condescend, and yet I haue beene counted a maintayner of superstition, and I haue beene called a MarginaliaMaster of Ceremonies.Master of Ceremonies and of outward thynges, and I haue bene noted to take that religion which consisteth in outward thinges, as though hee were a ryght Christian that fulfilled the outward ceremonies, wherof I promised to declare my conscience and so will I, and how I haue estemed ceremonies, and that I haue neuer bene of other opinion then I am concerning ceremonies, and myne opinion I haue gathered of Augustine, and Ierome, auncient fathers and Doctours of the Church.

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MarginaliaWinchesters opinion of Ceremonies.Ceremonies serue to moue men to serue God, and as long as they be vsed for that purpose, they may bee well vsed in the church: but when man maketh him selfe seruaunt to them and not them to serue him, then bee our ceremonies brought to an abuse. MarginaliaCeremonies how and when they are abused.If by ouer much familiarity of them men abuse them, they do euill. For wee must not serue creatures, but Deo. We had Monkery, Nunry, Fryery of a wondrous number, much variety of garmentes, variety of deuises in dwelling, many sondry orders and fashions in mouing of the body. These thinges were first ordayned to admonish them to their duety to God, to labour for the necessity of the poore, and to spare from their owne bellies to the poore, and therfore was their fare ordeined and prepared. And because they abused these thinges, and set them in an hyer place then they ought to do,MarginaliaCeremonies seruauntes to men, not men to ceremonies.not taking monition therby the better to serue God, but esteming perfection to consist in them, they were dissolued, their houses and garmentes were taken away.

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But one thing king Henry would not take away, that was the MarginaliaVowe of chastitie.vow of chastity. The vow of obedience he conuerted to himselfe: the vow of chastity he willeth still to remayne with them.

We had many Images wherto pilgrimages were done, and many tombes that men vsed to vsit, by reason wherof, they fell in a fancy of Idolatry & superstition, aboue the thinges that they might haue beene taken for, and because they had not the vse that they were ordeyned for, they were left. MarginaliaWinchester neuer agaynst þ^e taking down of Images being abused with Idolatrie.When men put the Images in a higher place then they serued for: then were they taken cleane away: as giue a chyld a gay booke to learne vppon, and then if he gase vpon the gorgeousnes of his booke, and learne not his lesson according to the intēt that that boke was geuen for, the booke is taken away from him again. So the Images, when men deuysed and fell to haue them in hygher place and estimation then they were first set vp in the Church for, then they might bee taken awaye: and I was neuer of other mynd, nor neuer had other opinion of them. Diuers thinges there be in the church which be in the liberty of the ruler to order as he seeth cause, and he that is ruler may eyther let them stand or els may cause them to be taken away.

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MarginaliaTwo maner of reformations, one where the thinges cannot be taken away, but the abuse: the other where both the things and the abuse may be taken away.There be two maner of reformations. We haue had of both sortes. There be thinges in the church the which if they be abused, may not be takē away. As for baptisme, if it be abused, there may not an other thing bee put in the place of it, but the thing must be reformed and brought to the rihgt vse againe. Also preaching, if it be abused, may not bee taken awaye, but must bee reformed and brought to the right vse: but there be other thinges vsed in the church in which the Rulers haue liberty, either to reforme them or to take them away.MarginaliaTo take away all Images lyeth in the liberty of the Rulers.We haue had many Images, which bee now all taken away, for it was in the liberty of the Rulers for the abuse of them, eyther to reforme them, or to take them away. And because it was an easier way to take them away, then to bring them to the right vse that they were ordayned for, they were all cleane taken away, and so they might bee.MarginaliaIf abusing of Images to Idolatrie be cause sufficiēt to take away Images, why did Winchester hold with them, before? if it be not cause sufficient,. why doth he now graunt to the taking of them awaye, being no more wantonly abused, them they were before time?Yea Syr will ye say, but ye haue maintayned and defended them and haue preached agaynst suche persons as despysed them. It is truth, I haue preached agaynst the despysers of thē, and haue sayd, that Images might bee suffered and vsed in the church as lay mens bookes, yet I neuer otherwise defended them, but to be vsed for such purpose as they were first set vp in the church for, but now that men be waxed wanton, they are cleane taken away, wherin our religion is no more touched thē whē bookes were taken away for abusing of them.

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There was an order taken for bookes not to bee vsed, wherein some might haue said, the bookes are good, and I know how to vse them, I may therefore vse them well ynough. I will therefore vse them though they bee forbidden: but if thou haue any charity, thou oughtest to be contented rather to haue them cleane taken awaye,

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