MarginaliaAnno. 1556. Ianuary.uer, speaking vnto the Priestes: MarginaliaThe wordes of Anne Albright to the Priestes.You Priests (saide she) are the children of perdition, and can doe no good by your confession. And likewise speakyng vnto the Iudge and his assistauntes, she tolde them that they wer subuerters of Christes truth.
[Back to Top]And as touchyng the Sacrament of the aulter, MarginaliaAnne Albright denieth the Sacrament of the aulter.she said it was a noughty and abominable idoll, and so vtterly denied the same sacrament. Thus persistyng and perseuering in her former saiynges and aunsweres, MarginaliaCondemnation of Ioane Albright. Ianuary 18.she was condemned the said. xviii. day of the said moneth, with the other aboue mencioned: with whom also shee suffered quietly and with great comfort for the right of Christes Religion.
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Ioane Sole, Martyr.
Ianuary 31.JN like maner Ioane Sole, of the parish of Horton, was cōdemned of the same Phariseis and Priests,MarginaliaCondemnation of Ioane Sole. Ianuary. 18. for not allowyng confession auricular, and for deniyng the reall presence and substaunce of Christ to be in the sacrament of the aultar. Who after their Pharisaicall sentence being promulgat, was brought by the Sheriffes to the stake with the other fower, and sustained the like Martyrdome with them through the assistaunce of Gods holy grace and spirite mightely working in her, to the glory of his name, and confirmation of his truth.
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Ioane Catmer, Martyr.
Ianuary. 31.THe fift and laste of this heauenly company of Martyrs was Ioane Catmer of the parish of Hith, wife (as it should seeme) of George Catmer burned before. Who beeyng asked what she saied to Confession made to a Priest, denied to bee confessed to anye suche priest. And moreouer the Iudge speaking of the sacrament of the altar, she said and affirmed that she beleued not in that Sacrament, as it was then vsed, for that it was made (said she) a very idoll. In this her confession she remainyng and persisting, was by the like sentence cruellye of them condemned, and so suffered with the foresaide Thomas Lomas and the other three fellowe Martyrs, ratifiyng and confessing with their bloud the true knowledge and doctrine of the glorious Gospell of Christ Iesus our Sauiour.
These. v. persons were burnt at. 2. stakes and one fire together at Canterbury, as is before said. Who, when the fire was flaming about their eares, did sing Psalmes. Wherat the good knight Syr Iohn Nortō beyng there present, wept bitterly at the sight thereof.
This detail was added in the 1570 edition and was undoubtedly sent to Foxe by an eyewitness to Catmer's death.
The Iudges and the other assistants which set vpon her and the other foure aboue mencioned, were MarginaliaPersecutours.Richard Faucet, Iohn Warren, Iohn Milles, Robert Collins, and Iohn Baker the Notarye.
There was a lengthy account of Cranmer's life, career and martyrdom in the Rerum (pp. 708-25). Most of this account came from a single informant whosenarrative of Cranmer's life and death survives in Foxe's papers (BL, Harley 417, fos. 90r-94v; printed in Narratives of the Days of the Reformation, ed. John Gough Nichols, Camden Society, original series, [London: 1860], pp. 218-33). This account was sent to Foxe by Grindal while Foxe was compiling the Rerum during his exile (The Remains of Edmund Grindal, ed., W. Nicholson [Parker Society: 1843], p. 220). Foxe added two items to the Rerum account which were not in this narrative: additional praise of Edward VI, undoubtedly composed by Foxe himself (Rerum, pp. 712-13), and the account of Henry Sydall and Juan de Villagarcia persuading Cranmer to recant and of events up through Henry Cole's sermon at Cranmer's execution (Rerum, pp. 717-21).
[Back to Top]In the 1563 edition, Foxe used the Rerum account of Cranmer as the basisfor his new account but he made some important additions to it. He provided a new narrative of Cranmer's trial, also adding Cranmer's letter to Mary denying any involvement in Northumberland's scheme to place Jane Grey on the throne, the papal commission to try Cranmer and the account of his degradation. All of this was based on documents related to Cranmer's trial. Foxe also obtained a newaccount, from an unknown source, of Cranmer's denial that he had celebrated mass at Canterbury. And Foxe also added material on Cranmer's execution written by a catholic eyewitness, known only by his initials 'J. A.'.
[Back to Top]In the 1570 edition Foxe rewrote the account of Cranmer in order to accommodate new data contained in a life of the archbishop written by Ralph Morrice, Cranmer's secretary. (This life is printed in Narratives of the Days of Reformation, pp. 238-72). Material was also added from official records as Foxe had now consulted the transcript of Cranmer's trial and had obtained a copy of his appeal to a general council. Material was also dropped from this edition. Some of it, such as the old versions of Cranmer's role in Henry VIII's divorce, were dropped because Morrice's account superseded them. Others, such as Cranmer's letter to Mary, the papal commission authorizing the archbishop's trial, and the account of Cranmer's degradation, were dropped because of their length and the shortage of paper in the 1570 edition.
[Back to Top]There was no change in the account in the 1576 edition. In the 1583 edition, Foxe re-inserted some of the material he had deleted from the 1570 edition: the papal commission authorizing Cranmer's trial and the archbishop's degradation.
MarginaliaMarch. 21.AS concernyng the life and estate of that most reuerend father in God and worthy Prelate of Godly memory Thomas CranmerMarginaliaThomas Crāmer Archbishop of Canterbury and Martyr. late Archbishop of Caunterbury, and of the original cause and occasion of his preferment vnto his Archiepiscopall dignitie, who of many hath beene thought to haue procured the same by frendship onely, and of some other estemed vnworthy of so high a vocation: it is first therfore to be noted and considered that the same Tho. CranmerMarginaliaThomas Cranmer a gentleman borne. comming of an auncient parentage, from the conquest to be deducted, and continuyng sithens in the name and family of a Gentleman, was borne in a Village called Arselacton in Notyngham shiere. Of whose saide name and familye there remaineth at these daies one Manour and mansion house in Lincolne shire called Cranmer Hall. &c. Some tymes of heritage of the saide stocke and family.
This information about Cranmer Hall came from Ralph Morrice and it reflects Cranmer's desire to magnify, if not flatly exaggerate, the status of his family.
Notice how Foxe replaced the specific information on the flaws in Cranmer's education, in the 1563 edition, with this bland formulation.
See MacCulloch, Cranmer, pp. 21-22 on this.
Foxe is repeating Morrice in his indignation about these rumours. See MacCulloch, Cranmer, pp. 169-70 on how widespread derogatory reports ofCranmer as an hosteler were.
But in the meane tyme to returne to the matter present. Whilest this said M. Cranmer continued as reader in Buckinghā Colledge, his wife died in childbed. After whose death, the Maisters and fellowes of Iesus Colledge desirous againe of their old companion, namely for his towardnes in learning, chose him again fellow of the same Colledge. Where he remainyng at his studie, became in fewe yeres after, the reader of the Diuinity lecture in the same Colledge, and in such speciall estimation and reputation with the whole vniuersity, that being Doctour of Diuinitie he was commonly appointed one of the heades (which are two or three of the chiefest learned men) to examine suche as yearely professe in commencement, either Bachelers, or Doctours of Diuinitie, by whose approbation the whole vniuersity licenceth them to procede vnto their degree: and againe by whose disalowaunce the vniuersitie also reiecteth them for a time to proceede vntill they be better furnished with more knowledge. MarginaliaThomas Cranmer after the deceasse of hys wife, Chosen fellow into Iesus colledge.Marginalia
Thomas Cranmer made reader in Iesus colledge, and Doctour of Diuinitie.
Doctor Cranmer publike examiner in Cambridge of them that were to proceede.
Now, Doctour Cranmer euer muche fauouryng the knowledge of the Scripture, would neuer admit anie to procede in Diuinity, vnlesse they were substantiallie seene in the story of the Bible: by meanes whereof certaine Fryers and other Religious persons, who were principally brought vp in þe study of schole autors with out regard had to the auctority of scriptures, were commonly reiected by hym, so that hee was greatly for that his seuere examinatiō of the religious sort, MarginaliaFriers in hatred with Doct. Cranmer.much hated and had in greate indignation: and yet it came to passe in the end that diuers of them beyng thus compelled to study the scriptures, became afterwards very wel learned and well affected, in so much, that when they proceded Doctours of Diuinitie, could not ouermuch extoll and commend Master Doctor Cranmers goodnes towardes them, who had for a tyme put them backe, to aspire vnto better knowledge and perfection. MarginaliaDoct. Barret.Amongest whō D. Barret a white Fryer who afterwards dwelt
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