MarginaliaAnno. 1556. August.Ca. | They that haue Christe dwellyng in them, bryng forth much fruite. Iohn. 15. He that dwelleth in me, and I in hym, bringeth forth much fruite. &c. |
mes. | The wicked bring forth no fruite of goodnes. |
tres. | Ergo, they haue not Christes body dwellyng in thē. |
Da. | Where remembrance is of a thing, there is impor- ted the absence thereof. |
ti. | Remembraunce of Christes body is in the Sacra- ment: Do this in remembraunce of me. &c. |
si. | Ergo, Christes body there is imported to be absent. |
Mary they wil say, we see him not with our outward eyes, but hee is commended vnder the forme of bread and wine, and that that we see, is nothing but a quality or an accidence. But let them shew me a qualitie or an accidence without a substance, and I will beleue them. And thus much concernyng Newmans examinations & argumentes, whose Martyrdome is before expressed.
[Back to Top]In 1563, Foxe had an account of Joan Waste, which was based on an individual informant's account. In 1570, Foxe expanded this account with trial documents which had been sent to him (BL, Harley 421, fos. 75r-v, 76r and more material drawn from individual informants, including the curate and baliff of Derby). There were no further changes in this account in subsequent editions.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaAugust the. 1.MarginaliaIoane Waste a blinde woman and Martyr.THe firste daie of August, in the yeare aboue specified, suffered likewise at the Towne of Darby, a certaine poore honest godly woman, being blind from her birth, and vnmaried, about the age of xxij. named Ioane Wast, of the parishe of Alhallowes. Of them that sat vppon this innocent womans bloud, the chiefest was Rafe Bayne Bishop of the Dioces, Doctor Draycot his Chauncellour, sir Iohn Port Knight, Henrie Vernon Esquyre, Peter Finsh officiall of Darby, with the assistance also of diuers other, Richard Ward, and William Bembridge, the same tyme beyng Bailiffes of the Towne of Darby &c.
Note that the list of Waste's persecutors is different in the 1563 edition from that in later editions; names were added to and removed from the 1563 list by Foxe's informants for his account of Waste in the 1570 edition.
MarginaliaThe life and conuersation of Ioane Waste.First, this Ioane Waste was the daughter of one William Waste, an honest poore manne, and by his science a Barber: who somtime also vsed to make Ropes. His wife had the same Ioane, and one other at one birth, and she was borne blind. And when she was about xij. or xiiij. yeares old, she learned to knit hosen & sleues, and other thinges, whiche in time she could doe verie well. Furthermore as tyme serued shee woulde helpe her father to turne ropes, and do such other thinges as she was able, & in no case would be idle. Thus continued she with her father and mother duryng their liues: After whose departure then kepte shee with one Roger Waste her brother, who in the tyme of Kyng Edward the sixt, of blessed memorie, gaue her selfe daily to go to the Churche to heare Diuine seruice red in the vulgar toung. MarginaliaIoane Waste drawen by the spirite of God, to the loue of Religion.And thus by hearyng Homelies and Sermons, shee became meruelous well affected to the religion then taught. So at length hauing by her labor gotten and saued so muche monie as would buy her a New testamente, she caused one to be prouided for her, And though she was of her selfe vnlearned and by reason of her blindnes vnable to reade, yet for the greate desire shee had to vnderstande and haue printed in her memory and saiynges of holy Scriptures conteined in the New Testament, she acquainted her selfe chiefelie with one Iohn Hurt, then prisoner in the common hall of Darby, for debtes.
[Back to Top]The same Iohn Hurt beeyng a sober graue man of the age of three score and ten yeres, MarginaliaThe earnest desire of Ioane Wast to learne the scriptures.by her earnest intreatie, and beyng a Prisoner, and many times idle and and without companie, did for his exercise dailie reade vnto her some one Chapiter of the new Testament. And if at anie tyme hee were otherwise occupied or letted through sickenes, MarginaliaIohn Hurt and Iohn Pemerton readers to Ioane Waste.shee woulde repaire vnto one Iohn Pemerton Clarke of the parish church of all Saintes in the same towne of Darby, or to some other person whiche could reade, and sometimes she woulde geue a pennie or two, (as she might spare) to suche persons as would not freely reade vnto her, appointing vnto them
[Back to Top]aforehand how manie Chapiters of the Newe Testament they shoulde reade, or how often they should repeate one Chapiter vpon a price.
Moreouer in the said Ioane Wast, this was notorious that she beyng vtterlie blinde, MarginaliaA notable gift of God in a blind woman.coulde notwithstandyng without a guide, go to any church within the saide towne of Darby, or to any other place or person, with whom she had any such exercise. By which exercise she so profited, MarginaliaIoane Waste both blind and vnlearned, yet was perfect in the scriptures.þt she was able not onely to recite manie Chapiters of the New Testament without boke, but also coulde aptlie impugne, by diuers places of Scriptures, as well sinne, as suche abuses in Religion, as then were to much in vse, in diuers and sondry persons.
[Back to Top]As this Godly woman thus dailie increased in the knowledge of Gods holy word and no lesse in her life expressed the vertuous fruites and exercise of the same. Not longe after, through the fatall death of blessed K. Edward followed the wofull ruine of Religion, in the raigne of Q. Mary his sister. In which alteration, notwithstandyng the generall backslidyng of the greatest part and multitude of the whole realme into the old papisme againe: yet this poore blinde woman continuing in a constaunt conscience, proceeded still in her former exercise, both being zealous in that she had learned, and also refusing to communicate in Religion with those whiche taught contrary doctrine to that she before had learned in king Edwardes time, as is aboue declared.
[Back to Top]For the whiche she was called and conuented before the foresayde Bishop and D. Draycot, with diuers others called in to beare witnes.
A copy of these articles are in Foxe's papers: BL, Harley 421, fo. 75r-v.
MarginaliaThe Articles obiected to Ioane Waste.THe Articles ministred to her, and wherwith she was charged, were these: First, that she did hold the Sacrament of the Aultar, to be but onely a memory or representatiō of Christes body, and materiall bread and wine, but not his naturall bodie, vnlesse it were receiued. And that it ought not to be reserued from time to time ouer the Aultar, but immediatly to be receyued. &c.
[Back to Top]Item that she did hold, in the receiuyng of the Sacrament of the Aultar, she did not receiue the same body that was borne of the virgin Mary, and suffred vpon the crosse for our redemption. &c.
Item, she did hold, that Christ at his last supper did not blesse the bread that he had then in his handes, but was blessed himselfe, and by the vertue of the wordes of consecration, the substance of the bread and wine is not cōuerted and turned into the substance of the body and bloud of Christ.
Item, she did graunt that she was of the Parish of Alhallowes in Darby. &c.
Item, that all and singular the premisses are true and notorious by publike report and fame. &c.
MarginaliaThe aunswere of Ioane Waste to the Articles.Wherunto she aunswered, that she beleued therein so much as the holy Scriptures taught her, and according to that she had heard preached vnto her by diuers learned men: Whereof some suffered imprisonment, and other some suffered death for the same Doctrine. Amongest whom, she named, besides other, Doctour Taylor, whom shee said tooke it of his conscience that that doctrine whiche he taught was true, and asked of them, if they would do so in like case for their doctrine, whiche if they woulde not, shee desired them for Gods sake not to trouble her beyng a blind, pore, and vnlerned woman, with anye further talke, saiyng (by Gods assistance) that she was ready to yeld vp her life in that faith, in such sort as they should appoint.
[Back to Top]And yet notwithstandyng beyng preste by the saide Bishop and Doct. Draycot, MarginaliaWell argued: Because Christ is omnipotent. Ergo, there is no bread in the Sacrament.with many argumentes of Christes omnipotency, as, why was not Christ able as well to make the bread his body, as to turne water into wine, raise Lazarus from death, and such other like argumentes: and many tymes beyng threatned with greuous imprisonmentes, tormentes, and death. The poore woman thus beeyng, as it were, halfe astonyed through their terrors and threates, and desirous (as it semed) to prolong her life, MarginaliaThe offer of Ioane Waste to the Bishoppe, if he would take vpon his conscience, to aunswere before God for his doctrine.offred vnto the Bishop then present, that if he would before that companie, take it vpon his conscience, that that doctrine which he would haue her to beleue concernyng the Sacrament, was true, and that he would at the dreadfull daie of iudgement aunswere for her therein (as the said Doct. Tayler, in diuers of his sermons did offer) she would then further aunswere them.
[Back to Top]Wherunto the Bishop aunswered, he would. But