lyues therfore, and many other were ready to do the same, and many were fraudulētly associate vnto them, whiche beyng feared by the threatnynges of Antichrist, are fled, and haue turned their backes. &c.

When these thynges were read, one lookyng vpon an other, as though they had bene all in a marueilous straunge study, they held their peace for a certaine space. For this Paletz, and the foresayd Doctour Naso had also added that Iohn Hus in an open Sermō had inflamed and styrred vp the people against the Magistrates, insomuch that a great number of the Citizens dyd openly set themselues against þ^e magistrats: and by þ^t meanes was it, that he sayd, those iij. were ready to suffer death for the truth. And this sedition was hardly appeased by any benefite, or helpe that the king could do. MarginaliaAn other quarell picked by Englishe men agaynst Iohn Hus.Then the Englishmen exhibited the copy of a certaine Epistle, which they said was falsely conueyed vnto Prage, vnder the title of the Vniuersitie of Oxford, & that Iohn Hus dyd read the same out of the Pulpit vnto the people, that he might commend and prayse Iohn Wickleffe vnto the Citizens of Prage. When they had read the same before the Coūcell, the Englishmen demaūded of Iohn Hus, whether he had read the same openly or no. MarginaliaThe testimoniall of Oxford, for Wicklieffe, brought to Prage.Which when he had confessed, because it was brought thether by two scholers vnder the seale of the Vniuersitie: they also inquired of him what Scholers they were. He aunswered: this my frend (meanyng Stephen Palletz) knoweth the one of them as well as I, the other I know not what he was.

Then they first enquired of hym, as touching the last man, where he was. Iohn Hus aunswered: I heard say (sayd he) that in his returne into England, he dyed by the way. As touching þ^e first, Palletz said, that he was a Bohemian, and no Englishe man, MarginaliaA peece of the stone of Wicklieffes sepulchre, brought for a relique to Prage.and that he brought out of England a certaine small peece of the stone of Wickleffes Sepulchre, which they that are the followers of his doctrine at thys present, do reuerence and worship as a thyng most holy. Hereby it appeareth for what intent all these thinges were done, and that Iohn Hus was the author of them al.

Then the Englishe men exhibited an other Epistle, cōtrary to the first, vnder the seale of the Vniuersitie, the effect and argument whereof was this: The Senate of the vniuersitie, not without great sorrow and griefe hath experimented and found that the errours of Wickleffe are scattered & spread out of that vniuersitie thoroughout all England. And to the entent that thorough their helpe & labour, meanes may be founde to remedy this mischiefe, they haue appointed for that purpose twelue Doctours, men of singuler learning, and other maisters, which should sit in iudgement vpon the bookes of Wickleffe.

These men haue noted out aboue the number of. CC. articles, the which the whole Vniuersitie haue iudged worthy to be burnt: but for the reuerence of the sayd sacred coūcell, the sayd vniuersitie hath sent them vnto Constance, referring and remitting the whole authoritie of the iudgement vnto this Councell.

Here was great silence kept for a while. Then Palletz rising vp, as though he had finished now his accusatiō, said: MarginaliaThe othe of Palletz.I take God to my witnes before the Emperours maiestie here present, and the most reuerend fathers, Cardinals and Byshops, that in this accusation of Iohn Hus, I haue not vsed any hatred or euill will: but that I might satisfie the othe which I tooke, when I was made Doctour, that I would be a most cruell and sharpe enemy of all maner of errours, for the profite and commoditie of the holy Catholike Church. MarginaliaThe othe of Michael de Causis.Michael de Causis did also the lyke. MarginaliaIohn Hus witnesseth the Lord.And I, sayd Iohn Hus, do commit all these thinges vnto the heauenly iudge, which shall iustly iudge the cause or quarell of both parties. Then sayd the Cardinall of Cambray, I cānot a little commende and prayse the humanitie and gentlenes of Maister Palletz, which he hath vsed in drawing out the articles against M. Iohn Hus. For as we haue heard, there are many thyngs contained in hys booke, muche worse and detestable.

When he had spoken these wordes, the Byshop of Rygen vnto whom Ihon Hus was committed, commaunded that þ^e sayd Ihon Hus, should be caryed agayne safely vnto prison. MarginaliaIohn de Clum doth comfort Iohn Hus.Then Ihon de Clum folowing him, did not a litle incourage and comfort hym. No tounge can expresse what a courage and stomacke he receiued by the short talke which he had wyth hym: when as in so great a broyle and greuous hatred, he saw himselfe in a maner forsaken of all men. After that Ihon Hus was caryed away, the Emperour began to exhort the presidentes of the Councell in this maner, saying:

You haue heard the manifold and greuous crimes which are layd agaynst Ihon Hus, which are not onely proued MarginaliaThe Emperours oratiō to the president of the councell.by manifest and strong witnesses, but also confessed by him: of the which euery one of them by my iudgement and aduise haue deserued, and are worthy of death. Therfore, except he do recant them all, I iudge and thinke mete that he be punished with fire: and albeit hee doe that whiche he is willed and commaunded to do: notwithstandyng I do counsell you that he be forbid the office of preachyng and teachyng, and also that he returne no more into the kyngdome of Boheme. For if he be admitted agayn to teach and preach, and specially in the kyngdome of Boheme, he will not obserue and keepe that which he is commaunded, but hopyng vpon the fauour and good wil of such as be his adherentes and fautours there, he wil returne agayne vnto his former purpose and intent, and then besides these errours, he will also sow new errours amongest the people, so the last errour shalbe worse thē the first. Moreouer I iudge and thinke it good that his articles whiche are condemned, should be sent vnto my brother the kyng of Boheme, & afterward into Pole and other prouinces, whereas mens myndes are replenished with his doctrine, with this commaundement, that whosoeuer do procede to hold or keepe the same, they should by the common ayde both of the Ecclesiasticall and Ciuill power, be punished.MarginaliaThat which God planteth man shall neuer roote vp.So at the length shall remedy be founde for this mischief, if the bowes together with the roote, be vtterly rooted and pulled vp: and if the Byshops and other Prelates, which here in this place haue laboured and trauayled for the extirpating of this heresie, be commēded by the whole voyces of the Councell vnto the kynges and Princes, vnder whose dominion they are. Last of all, if there be any found here at Constaunce, which are familiars vnto Ihon Hus, they also ought to be punished with such seueritie and punishment as is due vnto them,MarginaliaHierome of Prage mentioned & promoted by the Emperour.and specially his scholer Hierome of Prage. Thē sayd the rest, whē the maister is once punished, we hope we shall finde the Scholer much more tractable and gentle.

After they had spoken these wordes, they departed out of the Cloister, where they were assembled and gathered together. Marginalia4. bishops sent to Iohn Hus.The day before his condemnation which was the vi. day of Iuly, the Emperour Sigismond sent vnto hym iiij. Byshops, accompanyed with maister Wencelate de Duba, and Iohn de Clum, that they should learne and vnderstand of him what he dyd intend to do. When as he was brought out of prison vnto them, Iohn de Clum begā first to speake vnto hym, saying.

MarginaliaThe pitifull and louing oration of Iohn de Clum vnto Iohn Hus.Maister Iohn Hus I am a man vnlearned, neither am I able to councell or aduertise you, beyng a mā of learnyng and vnderstandyng: notwithstādyng I do require you, if you know you selfe giltie of any of those errours, whiche are obiected and layd agaynst you before the coūcell, that you will not be ashamed to alter and chaūge your mynde to the will and pleasure of the Councell: if contrarywise, I will be no author vnto you, that you should do any thyng contrary or agaynst your conscience, but rather to suffer and endure any kinde of punishment then to deny that which you haue knowen to be the truth. Vnto whom Ihon Hus turnyng himselfe with lamentable teares, sayd: MarginaliaThe maruelous constācie of I. Hus.verely as before I haue often tymes done, I do take the most hygh God for my witnes, that I am ready with my whole hart and mynde, if the Councell can instruct or teach me any better by the holy Scripture: I will be ready with all my hart to alter and chaunge my purpose, Then one of the Byshops which sate by, sayd vnto him, that he would neuer be so arrogaunt or proude, that hee would preferre his owne mynde or opinion before the iudgement of the whole Councell. MarginaliaThat is no right modestie that more regardeth to obey man, then manifest veritie.To whom I. Hus aunswered, neither do I otherwise minde or intende. MarginaliaI. Hus aunswereth.For if he which is the meanest or least in all this Councell, can conuict me of errour, I will with an humble hart and mynde performe and do whatsoeuer the Councell shall require of me. Marke sayd the Byshops, how obstinatly he doth perseuer in his errours. And when they had thus talked, they commaunded the keepers to cary hym agayne vnto prison, and so they returned agayne vnto the Emperour with their commission.

The next day after, which was Saterday and the vi. day of Iuly, there was a generall Session holden of the Princes and Lordes, both of the Ecclesiasticall and Temporall estates in the head Church of the Citie of Constance, the Emperour Sigismond beyng President in his Imperiall robes & habite: in the middest wherof there was made a certaine hyghe place beyng square about like a table, and hard by it there was a deske of woode, vpon the whiche the garmentes and vestimentes pertainyng vnto Priesthode were layd, for this cause, that before Ihon Hus should be