names of all these colours, except he had knowen them before, no more then the names of all the men that he should sodaynly see.

MarginaliaCommendation of Duke Humfrey. By this may it be sene how Duke Hūfrey had not onely an head to discerne and disseuer truth from forged and fayned hypocrisie, but study also and diligence likewise was in him, to reforme that which was amisse.

And thus much hetherto for the noble prowesse and vertues, ioyned with like ornaments of knowledge and literature shinyng in this Princely Duke. For the which, as he was both loued of the poore commons, and well spoken of of all men, & no lesse deseruyng the same,MarginaliaThe good Duke of Glocester. beyng called the good Duke of Glocester: so neither yet wanted he his enemyes, and priuy enuiers, whether it was thorough the fatall and vnfortunate lucke of the name of that house, which is but a vayne & friuolous obseruation of Polydore, & Halle which followeth hym,MarginaliaPolyd. Hist. lib. 23.
Hall. in 25. Henr. 6. bringyng in the examples of Hugh Spēser, of Thomas of Wodstock, sonne of kyng Edward the third, of this Duke Humfrey, and after of kyng Richard the iij. Duke likewise of Glocester: or whether it was that the nature of true vertue commōly is such, that as the flame euer beareth his smoke, and the body his shadow: so the brightnes of vertue neuer blaseth, but hath some disdaine or enuy wayting vpon it: or els whether it was rather for some diuorcement from his wife, or for some other vice or trespasse done (as seemeth most lyke truth) whiche God as well in Dukes houses correcteth, as in other inferiour persons, especially where he loueth: But howsoeuer the cause is to vs vnknowen, this good Duke of Glocester, albeit beyng both the kynges sole vncle, & hauyng so many well willers thorough the whole Realme, yet lacked not his Sathan: lacked not his secret maligners.MarginaliaThe enemies to the Duke of Glocester. Of whom specially was Hēry Beauford Cardinall, Byshop of Winchester and Chaūcellour of England: who of long time disdayning and enuying the rule and authoritie of this Duke: first had disposed and appoynted himselfe, to remoue the kynges person from Eltham vnto Winsore out of the Dukes handes, and there to put in such gouernours, as him listed.MarginaliaThe malicious working of the Cardinall agaynst the Duke of Glocester. After that, entendyng the Dukes death, he set men of armes and Archers at the end of London bridge, and for barryng the hygh way with a draw chayne, set men in chambers, sellers and windowes with bowes and arrowes and other weapons, to the purposed destruction both of the Duke and his retinue, if God had not so disposed, to turne his iourney an other way. Beside other manifold iniuries and molestations, the ambitious Cardinall, seekyng by all meanes to be Pope, procured such trouble agaynst him, that great diuision was therby in the whole realme: in somuch that all the shops w^tin þ^e Citie of London, were shut in, for feare of the fauourers of these two great personages, for eche part had assembled no small nūber of people. For the pacifying wherof the Archbyshop of Caunterbury, and the Duke of Quinber, called the Prince of Portingal, rode. viij. times in one day betwene those two aduersaryes. Such were thē the troubles of this tumultuous diuision within the Realme, and all by the excitation of this vnquyet Cardinall.

MarginaliaW. De la Pole Duke of Suffolke, the cause of the Duke of Glocesters death. Ouer and beside, this Cardinall afore mentioned, an other capitall enemy to the sayd Duke, was William de la Pole, first Earle, then Marques, at last duke of Suffolke, a mā very ill reported in stories, to be not onely þ^e organ and instrument of this good mans death, but also to be the noysance of the common wealth, and ruine of the Realme.MarginaliaThe vnprofitable mariage betwene K. Henr. 6. and Queene Margaret. For by him and his onely deuice, was first concluded the vnprofitable and vnhonorable mariage betwene the Kyng, & Lady Margaret daughter of the Duke of Angeow: where as the kyng had concluded & contracted a mariage before with the daughter of the Earle of Arminake, vpon conditions so much more profitable and honorable, as more conuenient it is for a Prince to mary a wife with riches and frendes, thē to take a mayde with nothyng, and disherite himselfe, & his realme of old rightes, & aunciēt inheritaunce, which so came to passe. And all this the good Duke did wel foresee, and declared no lesse: but his counsaile would not be taken. Wherupon followed first the geuing away the duchy of Angeow, & the Citie of Mayne, with the whole countrey of Mayne, to Reyner Duke of Angeow & father of the Damosell, called thē kyng of Sicile and of Hierusalem, hauing thereof no peny profit, but onely a vayne name to play with all.

MarginaliaQueene Margaret mortall enemie to the duke of Glocester. An other sore enemy and mortall plague to this Duke, was the Queene her selfe, lately before maried to the kyng. Who beyng of haute stomacke, and all set vpon glory of wyt and wilynes lackyng nothyng, and perceiuyng her husband to be simple of wit, and easie to be ruled, tooke vpon her to rule and gouerne both the king and kingdome. And because the aduise & counsaile of Humfrey Duke of Glocester, was somewhat a stay that her authoritie and regiment could not so fully proceede, & partly because the sayd Duke before dyd disagree from that mariage,MarginaliaThe malice of a woman. this manly woman and couragious Queene ceased not by all imaginations and practises possible, to set forward his destruction, hauyng also for her helper herein the Duke of Buckyngham. &c.

MarginaliaA snare to catch the innocent. These beyng his principall enemyes and mortall foes, fearyng lest some commotion might arise, if such a Prince so neare to the kynges bloud, and so deare to the people, and of all men so beloued, should be openly executed & put to death, deuised how to trap him, and circumuent him vnknowyng and vnprouided.Marginalia1447.
A parliament at Bery. For the more speedy furtheraunce wherof, a Parliamēt was summoned to be kept at Bery an. 1447. farre from the Citizens of Londō, as William Tyndall in his boke of practise, writeth. Whether resorted all the peeres of the Realme, and amongest them the Duke of Glocester, thinkyng no harme to any mā and lesse to himselfe. Who on the second day of the Session, was by the Lord Beamond hygh Constable then of England, accompanyed with the Duke of Buckyngham and other, arrested, apprehended, and put in Ward, and vpon the same, all his seruauntes discharged and put from him: of whom. xxxij. of the principall beyng also vnder arrest, were dispersed into diuers prisons, to the great murmuryng and greuaunce of the people.MarginaliaThe cruell death or martyrdome of the good Duke of Glocester. After this arrest thus done, and the Duke put in to Ward, the night after (sayth Halle) vj. nightes after (sayth Fabiē and Polychron.) he was foūd dead in his bed the. 24. day of February and his body shewed to the Lordes and Commons, as though he had bene taken naturally with some sodeyne disease. And although no wounde in his body could be sene: yet to all indifferent persons it might well be iudged, that he dyed of no naturall pange, but of some violent hand. Some suspected him to be strangled, some that a whote spyte was priuely forced into his body, some affirme that he was styfeled betwene two fetherbeds. After the death of this Duke, and his body beyng interred at S. Albones, after he had politikely by the space of. xxv. yeares gouerned this realme, fiue of his houshold: to wit, one Knight iij. Esquiers, and a Yeoman, were arreigned, and conuict to be hanged, drawen, and quartered. Who beyng hanged and cut down halfe alyue, the Marques of Suffolke, there present shewed the charter of the kynges pardon, and so they were deliuered. Notwithstanding, all this could not appease the grudge of the people, saying that the sauyng of the seruauntes, was no amendes for the murderyng of the maister.

In this cruell fact of these persons, which dyd so conspire and consent to the death of this noble man, and which thought thereby to worke their owne safity, the meruelous worke of Gods iudgement, appeareth herein to be noted:MarginaliaThe iudgement of god vpon them which persecuted the Duke of Glocester. who, as in all other like cruell policies of man, so in this also turned all their policies cleane contrary: So that where the Queene thought most to preserue her husband in honour, & her selfe in state: therby both she lost her husband, her husbād lost his realme, the realme lost Angeow, Normādy, the Duchy of Aquitane, with all other partes beyond the sea, Calyce onely except, as in sequele of the matter, who so will read the stories, shall right well vnderstand.

Marginalia1448.
The death of the Cardinall, & maner of the same. The next yeare folowyng, it folowed also, that the Cardinall, who was the principall artificer and ryngleader of all this mischief, was suffered of God no longer to lyue. Of whose wicked cōditiōs beyng more largely set forth in Edward Halle, I omit here to speake. What he himselfe spake in his deathbed for example to other, I thought not best to pretermit. Who hearyng that he should dye, and that there was no remedy, murmured & grudged, wherfore he should dye, hauyng somuch riches: saying:MarginaliaThe wordes of the Cardinal of Wint. at his death. that if the whole realme would saue his lyfe, he was able either by policie to get it, or by riches to buy it: addyng and saying moreouer, fie (quod he) will not death be hyred? nor will money do nothyng? whē my nephew of Bedford dyed, I thought my selfe halfe vp the wheele, but whē I saw myne other nephew of Glocester deceassed, then I thought me selfe able to be equal w^t kynges, and so thought to encrease my treasure, in hope to haue worne the triple crowne. &c. Ex Edou. Hallo. And thus is the rich Byshop of Winchester, with all his pompe & riches gone, with the which riches, he was able not onely to build scholes, colledges, and vniuersities, but also was able to susteine the kynges armyes in warre (as is specified in stories) without any taxyng of the commons.

MarginaliaWill Wanflet Byshop of Wint. In whose sea next succeded William Wanflet, preferred to the Byshopricke of Winchester who though he had lesse substaunce, yet hauyng a mynde more godly disposed,MarginaliaMagdalen Colledge in Oxford builded. did found and erect the Colledge of Mary Magdalene in Oxford. For the which foundation, as there haue bene, and be yet many studentes bounde to yeld greatfull thankes vnto God, so I must needes confesse my selfe to be one, except I wilbe vnkynde.