MarginaliaTheames or propositions propounded in the disputation at Baden. That the true body and bloud of Christ, is in the Sacrament.

That the Masse is a sacrifice for the quicke and dead.

That the blessed virgine and other saintes are to be inuocated, as mediatours and intercessours.

That Images ought not to be abolished.

That there is a Purgatory.

MarginaliaEckius defended. Which conclusions or assertions, Eckius tooke vpon hym stoutly to defend.MarginaliaOecolampadius agaynst Eckius. Agaynst him reasoned Oecolampadius (who was then chiefe preacher at Basill) wyth certayne other moe. Zuinglius at that tyme was not there present, but by writing confuted the doctrine of Eckius, declaring withall, the causes of hys absence:MarginaliaZuinglius excuseth hymselfe for not cōming to the disputation. which were, for that he durst not for feare of hys lyfe, committe himselfe to the handes of the Lucernates, Vrani, Suitij, Vnterualdij, and Tugiani, hys enemyes, and that he refused not to dispute, but the place onely of the disputation, excusing moreouer that he was not permitted of þ^e Senate to come: neuertheles: if they would assigne the place of disputation, either at Zuricke, or at Berna, or at Sangallum, thether he would not refuse to come. Briefly the conclusion of the disputation was this: that all should remayne in that religion, which hetherto they had kept, and should follow the authoritie of the Councell, neither should admit any other new doctrine within their dominions. &c. This was in the moneth of Iune, the sayd yeare aboue mentioned.

MarginaliaThe disputation at Berne. As the tyme proceded, and dissension about religion encreased, it folowed the next yeare after, an. 1527. in þ^e moneth of December, that the Senate & people of Berne, (whose power amongest all the Suitzers chiefly excelleth) consideryng how neither they could haue theMarginaliaDisputation at Berne in Heluetia. Actes of the disputation of Baden communicated vnto them, and that the variance about Religion still more and more encreased: assigned an other disputation with in their owne Citie, and sendyng forth writynges therof, called vnto the same, all þ^e Byshops bordering nere about them, as the Byshops of Constance, Basill, Sedune, Lausanna, warnyng them both to come them selues, and to bryng their diuines with them, or els to lose all such possessions, which they had liyng within þ^e boundes of their precinct. After this, they appoynted out certaine Ecclesiasticall persons of their iurisdiction, to dispute,MarginaliaGodly lawes of a disputation. prescribyng and determining the whole disputation to be decided onely by the authoritie of the old and new Testamēt. To all that would come thether they graūted safecōduict. Also they appoynted that all thynges there should be done modestlye, without iniurie and braulyng wordes, and that euery one shoulde haue leaue to speake hys mynd frely, and with such deliberation, that euery mans saying might be receaued by the notary & penned, with this prouiso made before, that what soeuer there shoulde be agreed vpon, the same should be ratified, and obserued through all their dominions: and to the intent men might come thether better prepared before, they propoūded in publike writing, x. conclusions, in þ^e sayd disputation to be defended of their Ministers, by the Scriptures, whiche Ministers were Franciscus Colbus, & Bertholdus Hallerus. The theames or conclusions were these.

MarginaliaTheames to be disputed. 1. That the true Church, wherof Christ is the head, riseth out of Gods word, and persisteth in the same, & heareth the voyce of no other.

2. That the same Church maketh no lawes without the worde of God.

3. That traditions ordeyned in the name of the church, do not bynde, but so farre forth as they be consonant to Gods worde.

4. That Christ onely hath made satisfactiō for the sinnes of the world: and therfore if any man say that their is any other way of saluation, or meane to put away sinne, þ^e same denyeth Christ.

5. That the body and bloud of Christ can not be receaued really and corporally, by the testimony of the Scripture.

6. That the vse of the Masse, wherin Christ is presented and offered vp to his heauenly father for the quicke and the dead, is agaynst the Scripture, and contumelious to þ^t sacrifice which Christ made for vs.

7. That Christ onely is to be inuocated, as the mediatour and aduocate of mankynde, to God the father.

8. That there is no place to be founde by the holy Scripture, wherin soules are purged after this life: and therfore all those prayers & ceremonies, Yearely Diriges & Obites, which are bestowed vpon the dead: also Lampes, Tapers, and such other thinges, profite nothing at all.

9. That to set vp any picture or Image to be worshipped, is repugnant to the holy Scripture, and therfore if any such be erected in Churches for that entent, the same ought to bee taken downe.

10. That Matrimonies prohibited to no state or order of mē, but for eschewing of fornicatiō, generally is commaunded and permitted to all men by the worde of God. And for as much as all fornicatours are excluded by the testimony of Scripture, from the Communion of the Churche, therfore this vnchaste and filthie single lyfe of Priestes, is most of all vnconuenient for the order of priesthode.

When the Senate and people of Berne, had sent abroad their letters with these theames and conclusions, to all the Heluetians, exorting them both to send their learned men, and to suffer al other to passe safely through their countreis:MarginaliaThe letters and answere of the Suitzers to the Senate & people of Berne. the Lucernates, Vranites, Suitzians. Vnterualdians, Tugians, Glareans, Soloturnians,and they of Friburge aunswered agayne by contrary letters, exhortyng and requiring them in any case to desiste from their purposed enterprise: puttyng them in remembraunce of their league & composition made, and also of the disputation of Baden aboue mencioned, of the which disputation they were them selues (they sayd) the first begynners and authors: saying moreouer, that it was not lawfull for any natiō or prouince to alter the state of Religion, but the same to belong to a generall Councell: wherfore they desired them, þ^t they would not attempte any such wicked acte, but continue in the Religion, which their parentes and elders had obserued: and in fine, thus in the end of their letters they concluded, that they would neither send, nor suffer any of their learned men to come, nor yet graunt safeconduict to any others to passe through their countrey.MarginaliaEx Comment. Ioan. Sled. Lib. 6 To this and such like effect tended the letters of these Suitzers aboue named.

All which notwythstandyng, the Lordes of Berne procedyng in their intended purpose, vpon the day prescribed (which was the vij. of Ianuary) began their disputation. Of all the bishops before signified (whiche were assigned to come) there was not one present. Neuertheles the Citie of Basill, Zurike, and Schafuse, and abbecelle, Sangallium, Mullusia, with the neyghbours of Rhetia, also they of Strausburgh, Vlmes, Ausburge, Lindaue, Constance, and Isne, sent thether their Ambassadours.

MarginaliaThe disputation beginneth. The Doctours, aboue mencioned, of the Citie of Berne, began the disputation.MarginaliaThe part defendent. Where at the same tyme, were present Zuinglius, Oecolampadius, Bucerus, Capito, Blaurerus, with other moe, all which defended the affirmatiue of the conclusions propounded.MarginaliaThe part opponent. On the contrary side of them which were the opponentes, the chieftaine was Conradus Tregerus a Frier Augustine, who to proue his assertion, when he was driuen to shifte out of the Scripture, to seke helpe of other Doctours, and the moderatours of the disputation woulde not permitte the same (beyng contrary to the order before appoynted)MarginaliaThe popes doctrine can not abyde the triall of the Scripture. he departed out of the place, and woulde dispute no more.

MarginaliaReformation of religiō in Berne. The disputation endured xix. dayes, in the end whereof it was agreed, by the assent of the most part, that the cōclusions there disputed, were consonant to þ^e truth of Gods worde, and shoulde be ratified not onely in the Citie of Berne, but also proclaymed by the Magistrates in sondry other Cities nere adioynyng:MarginaliaMasses and Images put downe at Berne. furthermore that Masses, aultars, and Images in all places should be abolished.

At the Citie of Constance certayne thynges began to be altered a litle before. Where also, among other thynges lawes were made agaynst fornication, and adultery, and all suspect or vnhonest company,MarginaliaThe popes clergie can not abyde to be restrayned from fornication and adultery. whereat the Canons (as they are called) of the Church, taking great griefe and displeasure, departed the Citie.MarginaliaAmbrose Blaurerus preacher at Constance. In the sayd Citie was then teacher Ambrosius Blaurerus, a learned man, and borne of a noble stocke, who had bene a monke a litle before, professed in the Monastery of Alperspacke in the Duchie of Wyttenberge, belongyng to the dominion of Ferdinandus. Which Blaurerus by reading of Luthers workes, and hauyng a good witte, had chaunged a litle before, hys religion and also his coate, returnyng agayne home vnto his frēdes, and when hys Abbot would haue had hym againe, & wrote earnestly to the Senate of Constance for hym: he declared the whole case of the matter in writyng, propoūdyng withall, certeine conditions, wherupon he was content (as he sayd) to returne. But the conditions were such that the Abbot was rather wyllyng and contented, that he shoulde remayne still at Constance, and so he dyd.

MarginaliaReformation of religion at Constance. After this disputation thus concluded at Berne, (as hath bene sayd) the Images and aultares, with ceremonies, and Masses were abolished at constance.

MarginaliaReformation of religion at Geneua. They of Geneua also for theyr partes, were not behynd, folowyng likewise the example of the Citie of Berne in extyrpyng Images and cerimonies. By reason wherof the Byshop and Clergy there left and departed the Citie in no small anger.

The Bernates after they had redressed with them the state of Religion, they renounced the league made before with the Frēch kinge, refusing and forsakyng his warly