1583 Edition | Book 8 | Page 1202 
Close(1479 - 1534) [Kelly]
Illegitimate son of Giuliano de Medici; b. Florence
Archbishop of Florence 1513; cardinal 1513; vice-chancellor 1517; governed Florence from 1519
Pope (1523 - 34); cousin of Pope Leo X
The indulgences granted by Pope Leo X to the guild of Our Lady at Boston had been granted previously by Innocent VIII and Julius II and were later renewed by Clement VII. Further indulgences granted by Nicholas V, Pius II and Sixtus IV were also renewed by Clement at the request of Henry VIII. 1570, p. 1347; 1576, p. 1150; 1583, p. 1178.
[Back to Top]After Francois I was released from captivity in Spain, Clement VII released him from his oath, fearing the power of the emperor in Italy. He contracted an alliance with the Venetians and other princes. 1570, p. 1122; 1576, p. 961; 1583, p. 987.
Clement was captured by the duke of Bourbon when he sacked Rome in 1527. 1570, p. 1122; 1576, p. 961; 1583, p. 987.
He was besieged in the Castello Sant'Angelo after taking refuge there with many cardinals. He surrendered in July and was able to issue bulls, but was kept imprisoned in the fortress for six months. 1570, p. 1123; 1576, p. 961; 1583, p. 988.
Henry VIII, encouraged by Cardinal Wolsey, began to question the validity of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon. He sought the advice of universities and learned men, but needed the assent of the pope and the emperor to a divorce. 1570, p. 1192; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.
Stephen Gardiner was sent as ambassador to Rome by Henry VIII during the time of Clement VII to deal with the matter of the king's divorce and to promote Thomas Wolsey as pope. 1570, pp. 1125-28, 1193; 1576, pp. 963-66, 1021; 1583, pp. 990-92, 1049.
Thanks to the influence of Lorenzo Pucci and other cardinals, Clement VII initially viewed the proposed divorce between Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon favourably. 1570, p. 1457; 1576, p. 1242; 1583, p. 1279.
Clement sent Cardinal Campeggi as legate to England to join with Cardinal Wolsey to consider the matter of the king's divorce. 1570, p. 1193; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.
Clement pronounced a sentence definitive against Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon. 1570, pp. 1458-59; 1576, p. 1243; 1583, p. 1280.
Close(fl. 1517 - 1521) [ODNB sub Thomas Cromwell; Magnus Williamson, 'Evangelicalism at Boston, Oxford and Windsor under Henry VIII: Foxe's Narratives Recontextualized' John Foxe at Home and Abroad, ed. David Loades (Aldershot, 2004), p. 39 n.39]
Travelled to Rome with Thomas Cromwell 1517-18 to obtain plenary indulgences from Pope Leo X for Boston's guild of Our Lady; secretary of the Lady Guild (1518 - 21)
Geoffrey Chambers feared he was inadequate to carry out his commission from Boston, so he and John Robinson persuaded Thomas Cromwell to accompany him. 1570, p. 1346; 1576, p. 1149; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(1432 - 1492) [Kelly]
b. Genoa; studied at Padua and Rome; bishop of Savona 1467; bishop of Molfetta 1472; cardinal 1473
Pope (1484 - 92)
The indulgences granted by Pope Leo X to the guild of Our Lady at Boston had been granted previously by Innocent VIII and Julius II and were later renewed by Clement VII. 1570, p. 1347; 1576, p. 1150; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(fl. 1517 - 18) [ODNB sub Thomas Cromwell]
Alderman of Boston; close acquaintance of Thomas Cromwell; asked Cromwell to travel to Rome with Geoffrey Chambers on behalf of Boston's guild of Our Lady to obtain plenary indulgences from Pope Leo X
Geoffrey Chambers feared he was inadequate to carry out his commission from Boston, so he and John Robinson persuaded Thomas Cromwell to accompany him. 1570, p. 1346; 1576, p. 1149; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(1453 - 1513) [Kelly]
Franciscan; nephew of Pope Sixtus IV; bishop of Carpentras 1471; cardinal priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli 1471; cardinal bishop of S. Sabina; papal legate in France (1480 - 82)
Pope (1503 - 13)
Julius II gave dispensation for Prince Henry (later Henry VIII) to marry his brother's widow. 1563, p. 456; 1570, p. 1192; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.
The indulgences granted by Pope Leo X to the guild of Our Lady at Boston had been granted previously by Innocent VIII and Julius II and were later renewed by Clement VII. 1570, p. 1347; 1576, p. 1150; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(1475 - 1521) [Kelly]
b. Florence, second son of Lorenzo the Magnificent; abbot of Font Douce, Passignano and Monte Cassino; cardinal 1489 (aged 13); studied theology and law at Pisa (1489 - 91)
Pope (1513 - 21)
Thomas Cromwell presented Leo X with English delicacies, and Leo immediately granted the pardons for Boston that Cromwell had requested. 1570, p. 1346; 1576, p. 1149; 1583, p. 1178.
Leo X sent legates to France, Germany and England in 1518 when he was preparing to fight the Turks. 1563, p. 418; 1570, p. 1120; 1576, p. 959; 1583, p. 986.
Leo X condemned writings and translations of Martin Luther. 1563, p. 462; 1570, p. 1135; 1576, p. 972; 1583, p. 999.
Leo issued a bull against Martin Luther, in which his teachings and his works were condemned. 1570, pp. 1459-65; 1576, pp. 1244-47; 1583, pp. 1280-84.
Luther produced an answer to the papal bull and sent an appeal to the pope. 1570, pp. 1465-76; 1576, pp. 1247-52; 1583, pp. 1284-89.
Close(1397 - 1455) [Kelly]
MTh Bologna 1422; papal ambassador; bishop of Bologna 1447; papal legate; cardinal 1446
Pope (1447 - 55)
The indulgences granted to the guild of our Lady in Boston by Nicholas V, Pius II and Sixtus IV and Leo X were renewed by Clement. 1570, p. 1347; 1576, p. 1150; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(1405 - 1464) [Kelly]
Pope (1458 - 64). Secretary to Domenico Capranica, bishop of Fermo, and Cardinal Albergati at the Council of Basel. Imperial poet laureate; papal ambassador for Eugene IV to the imperial court; bishop of Trieste 1447; bishop of Siena 1450; imperial ambassador 1450; cardinal 1456
Æneas Sylvius regarded the Donation of Constantine as fraudulent. 1570, p. 144; 1576, p. 106; 1583, p. 105.
Æneas Sylvius, while cardinal, wrote to a friend who wished to marry after taking holy orders. 1570, p. 1319; 1576, p. 1129; 1583, p. 1154.
The indulgences granted to the guild of our Lady in Boston by Nicholas V, Pius II and Sixtus IV and Leo X were renewed by Clement. 1570, p. 1347; 1576, p. 1150; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(1414 - 1484) [Kelly]
Franciscan; lectured in theology and philosophy at Padua, Bologna, Pavia, Siena and Florence; general of the order 1464; cardinal of S. Pietro in Vincoli 1467
Pope (1471 - 84)
The indulgences granted to the guild of our Lady in Boston by Nicholas V, Pius II and Sixtus IV and Leo X were renewed by Clement. 1570, p. 1347; 1576, p. 1150; 1583, p. 1178.
Close(1489 - 1556) [ODNB]
BA Cambridge 1511; MA 1515; archbishop of Canterbury (1533 - 56); burnt in 1556
Cranmer acknowledged the help he received from John Frith's book attacking the doctrine of Sir Thomas More. 1563, p. 500; 1570, p. 1176; 1576, p. 1006; 1583, p. 1033.
Thomas Cranmer, John Stokesley, Edward Carne, William Benet and the earl of Wiltshire were sent as ambassadors to the pope to dispute the matter of the king's marriage. 1570, p. 1280; 1576, p. 1095; 1583, p. 1121.
Cranmer's separation of the king and Queen Catherine was authorised by parliament. 1570, p. 1197; 1576, p. 1025; 1583, p. 1053.
Elizabeth Barton prophesied that if the king divorced Queen Catherine and married Anne Boleyn, he would not reign more than a month thereafter. Through the efforts of Cranmer, Cromwell and Latimer, she was condemned and executed with some of her supporters. 1570, p. 1199; 1576, p. 1026; 1583, pp. 1054-55.
[Back to Top]The archbishop of Canterbury (Cranmer), along with the bishops of London (Stokesley), Winchester (Gardiner), Bath and Wells (Clerk) and Lincoln (Longland) and other clergy went to see Queen Catherine. She failed to attend when summoned over 15 days, and they pronounced that she and the king were divorced. 1570, p. 1200; 1576, p. 1027; 1583, p. 1055.
[Back to Top]Cranmer was godfather to Princess Elizabeth. 1563, p. 510; 1570, p. 1199; 1576, p. 1026; 1583, p. 1054.
Cranmer was one of the subscribers to the Bishops' Book. 1570, p. 1211; 1576, p. 1037; 1583, p. 1064.
Cranmer attended a synod in 1537 with other bishops and learned men and with Thomas Cromwell as vicar-general. Cranmer opposed retaining the seven sacraments. He gave an oration to the bishops. 1563, p. 594; 1570, p. 1351; 1576, p. 1153; 1583, p. 1182.
On the second day of the synod, Thomas Cranmer sent his archdeacon to command Alexander Alesius to cease from disputation. 1570, p. 1353; 1576, p. 1155; 1583, p. 1184.
John Lambert attended a sermon preached by John Taylor at St Peter's in London in 1538. Lambert put ten articles to him questioning transubstantiation. Taylor conferred with Robert Barnes, who persuaded Taylor to put the matter to Archbishop Cranmer. Cranmer called Lambert into open court, where he was made to defend his cause. 1563, pp. 532-33; 1570, pp. 1280-81; 1576, p. 1095; 1583, p. 1121.
[Back to Top]Cranmer disputed with Lambert at his trial before the king. 1563, pp. 534-35; 1570, p. 1282; 1576, pp. 1096-97; 1583, p. 1122.
Thomas Cranmer alone disputed the Six Articles in parliament. 1570, p. 1298; 1576, p. 1110; 1583, p. 1136.
The king sent Thomas Cromwell and the dukes of Norfolk and Suffolk to dine with Cranmer to reassure him after his opposition to the Six Articles. 1570, p. 1298; 1576, p. 1111; 1583, p. 1136.
Henry asked for a summary of Cranmer's objections to the Six Articles. Cranmer asked his secretary to write up a copy of his arguments against the Six Articles to give to the king.1570, p. 1355; 1576, p. 1157; 1583, p. 1185.
Adam Damplip was brought before Thomas Cranmer, Stephen Gardiner, Richard Sampson and others and examined. The next day, warned by Cranmer that he was likely to be imprisoned and burnt, he fled to the West Country. 1563, p. 657; 1570, p. 1401; 1576, p. 1194; 1583, p. 1224.
Thomas Broke, Ralph Hare, James Cocke and James Barber were sent from Calais with their accusers to England to be examined by Cranmer, Gardiner, Sampson and other bishops. 1563, p. 661; 1570, p. 1401; 1576, p. 1195; 1583, p. 1224.
King Henry wrote to Archbishop Cranmer, ordering that idolatrous images be removed from churches. 1563, p. 625; 1570, p. 1385; 1576, p. 1181; 1583, p. 1210.
For a long period, Henry VIII denied his daughter Mary the title of princess. Thomas Cranmer urged a reconciliation. 1570, p. 1565; 1576, p. 1335; 1583, p. 1396.
When Claude d'Annebault, the French ambassador, went to see Henry VIII at Hampton Court, lavish entertainment was laid on for him, but he was recalled before he had received half of it. During the course of the banquet, he had private conversation with the king and Archbishop Cranmer about the reform of religion in the two countries. 1570, p. 1426; 1576, p. 1215; 1583, p. 1245.
[Back to Top]Cranmer had sent letters for Henry VIII to sign relating to reform in the church. Gardiner convinced the king that these reforms would jeopardise a league with the king of France and the emperor, so the letters were never signed. 1570, p. 1426; 1576, p. 1215; 1583, p. 1245.
The young Prince Edward wrote letters in Latin to Thomas Cranmer, his godfather. 1570, p. 1564; 1576, p. 1334; 1583, p. 1395.
Cranmer praised the learning and wisdom of Prince Edward to his tutor, Richard Coxe. 1563, p. 884; 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.
Richard Coxe wrote to Thomas Cranmer, praising the young Prince Edward. 1570, p. 1564; 1576, p. 1334; 1583, p. 1395.
When King Henry was on his deathbed, Anthony Denny asked him if he wished a spiritual adviser, and he asked for Thomas Cranmer. Before Cranmer could arrive, however, the king had lost the power of speech. He clasped Cranmer's hand, and shortly after died. 1570, p. 1477; 1576, p. 1253; 1583, p. 1290.
After the death of Henry VIII, the duke of Suffolk related to Thomas Cranmer how Stephen Gardiner had nearly been arrested at the time of the execution of Germaine Gardiner. 1570, p. 1477; 1576, p. 1253; 1583, p. 1290.
Cranmer had great difficulty in getting King Edward to sign Joan Bocher's death warrant. 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.
Charles V requested of Edward VI that his cousin Mary Tudor be allowed to have the mass said in her house. The request was denied, in spite of the strong urgings of Thomas Cranmer and Nicholas Ridley. 1563, p. 884; 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.
Thomas Dobbe was brought before Cranmer, who committed him to the Counter, where he died. 1563, p. 685; 1570, p. 1486; 1576, p. 1260; 1583, p. 1297.
Edward VI's councillors and Edward Seymour wrote to Thomas Cranmer, directing that candles no longer be carried on Candlemas, nor palms on Palm Sunday, nor should ashes be used on Ash Wednesday. Cranmer immediately wrote to all the other bishops to inform them of the new directive. 1563, pp. 685, 691; 1570, p. 1486; 1576, p. 1260; 1583, p. 1297.
[Back to Top]The council wrote further to Cranmer ordering the abolishing of images in all churches in the archdiocese. He wrote to Edmund Bonner, directing him to carry out the order in London. 1563, p. 692; 1570, p. 1490; 1576, p. 1263; 1583, p. 1300.
Cranmer, with other learned bishops and learned men, was appointed to draw up a uniform order of common prayer. 1570, p. 1491; 1576, p. 1264; 1583, p. 1301.
Stephen Gardiner wrote to Thomas Cranmer and Nicholas Ridley while imprisoned in the Fleet. 1563, pp. 732-54; 1570, p. 1522; 1576, p. 1297; 1583, p. 1340.
Thomas Cranmer, archbishop of Canterbury, Nicholas Ridley, bishop of Rochester, Sir William Petre, Sir Thomas Smith and William May, dean of St Paul's, were commissioned to examine Edmund Bonner. 1563, p. 697; 1570, p. 1504; 1576, p. 1275; 1583, p. 1312.
Bonner was summoned to appear before the commissioners. He behaved haughtily, ridiculing his accusers and the commissioners, and spoke in favour of the mass. He appeared first on 10 September 1549 before Thomas Cranmer, Nicholas Ridley, Sir William Petre and William May. Sir Thomas Smith was absent. 1563, pp. 698-99; 1570, pp. 1504-06; 1576, pp. 1275-77; 1583, pp. 1312-14.
[Back to Top]Bonner appeared for the second time on 13 September before Thomas Cranmer, Nicholas Ridley, Sir William Petre, Sir Thomas Smith and William May and was further examined. 1563, pp. 699-704; 1570, pp. 1506-08; 1576, pp. 1277-79; 1583, pp. 1314-17.
Bonner appeared for the third time on 16 September before Thomas Cranmer, Nicholas Ridley, Sir Thomas Smith and William May to answer the articles put to him at the previous session. John Hooper and William Latymer also appeared in order to purge themselves against the slanders of Bonner. 1563, pp. 704-709; 1570, pp. 1508-11; 1576, pp. 1279-80; 1583, pp. 1317-22.
[Back to Top]Bonner appeared before the commissioners for the fourth time on 18 September, at which session new articles were drawn up and new witnesses received. 1563, pp. 704-710; 1570, pp. 1508-12; 1576, pp. 1279-81; 1583, pp. 1317-22.
Bonner appeared for the fifth time before the commissioners on 20 September. During an interval, he instructed Gilbert Bourne, his chaplain, Robert Warnington, his commissary, and Robert Johnson, his registrar, to tell the mayor and aldermen of London to avoid reformed preachers. Bonner made his first appellation to the king. As a result of his behaviour during the proceedings, he was committed to the Marshalsea. 1563, pp. 713-717; 1570, pp. 1513-16; 1576, pp. 1282-85; 1583, pp. 1324-26.
[Back to Top]Bonner appeared for the sixth time before the commissioners on 23 September, when he presented a general recusation against all the commissioners and a second appellation to the king. A letter was read from Bonner to the mayor of London, Henry Amcottes, and aldermen. 1563, pp. 717-18; 1570, p. 1516; 1576, p. 1285; 1583, pp. 1326-27.
[Back to Top]Bonner' seventh appearance before the commissioners took place on 1 October. He presented a declaration, an appellation and a supplication to the king. The commissioners pronounced their sentence definitive. Bonner was imprisoned and deprived of his office. 1563, pp. 718-26; 1570, pp. 1516-19; 1576, pp. 1285-88; 1583, pp. 1327-30.
[Back to Top]Cranmer was a signatory to a letter from the king and privy council to Nicholas Ridley, directing him to remove and destroy all altars within the churches of his diocese and install communion tables. 1563, p. 727; 1570, pp. 1519-20; 1576, p. 1288; 1583, p. 1331.
After Stephen Gardiner's sequestration, Thomas Cranmer, Nicholas Ridley, Thomas Goodrich, Henry Holbeach, Sir William Petre, Sir James Hales, Griffith Leyson, John Oliver and John Gosnold were commissioned to examine him. 1563, p. 776; 1570, p. 1535; 1576, p. 1309; 1583, p. 1358.
Close[Antwarpe]
Flanders, Belgium
Coordinates: 51° 13' 0" N, 4° 24' 0" E
Close[Bosten]
Lincolnshire
OS grid ref: TF 335 445
Close[S. Iames]
A Coruña, Spain
Coordinates: 42° 52' 57" N, 8° 32' 28" W
Major pilgrimage site
good, but his memorie was as great in reteining whatsoeuer he had atteined. Which well appeared in cannyng
CloseI.e., commiting to memory.
Thus in hys growing yeares, as he shot vp in age and ripenes, a great delite came in his mynde to stray into foreine countreys
CloseWhy Cromwell journeyed abroad is unknown and so are his movements. He may have served as a soldier in the French army and serving in Italy. This would help account for his presence in Florence (The battle of Garigliano was fought on 27 December 1503. In it the French army was defeated by the Spanish forces).
[Back to Top]And thus passing ouer his youth, being at Antwerpe, he was there reteined of the Englishe Marchauntes to be their Clerke or Secretary
CloseCromwell certainly visited Antwerp, where he appears to have been a cloth merchant. He was not however the chief clerk to the English merchants there.
CloseCromwell journeyed to Rome in 1517-18 to secure the renewal of the of the papal indulgences granted to the Lady Guild of Boston. The basic details (at least) of the episode can be verified: a payment, to Cromwell, of £47 in expenses for the trip is recorded in the guild's account book (BL, Egerton 2886. fo. 181r-v). Magnus Williamson has plausibly suggested that Ralph Morrice, whose father had extensive connections with the town, was Foxe's source. (See Magnus Williamson, 'Evangelicalism at Boston, Oxford and Windsor under Henry VIII: Foxe's Narratives Recontextualised' in John Foxe at Home and Abroad, ed. David Loades [Aldershot, 2004], p. 39).
[Back to Top]This then being so determined & decreed amongest my coūtreymen of Boston, to haue their pardōs needes repaired & renewed from Rome, one Geffray Chābers with an other cōpanion was sent for þe messengers, with writings & money, no small quātity, well furnished, & with all other things appointed, necessary for so chargeable & costly exployt, who cōming in his iorney to Antwarpe, & misdoubting himselfe to be too weake for the compassing of suche a weightie peece of worke, cōferred & perswaded with Tho. Cromwell to associate him in that legacie, and to assist him in the contriuing thereof. Cromwell although perceauing the enterprise to be of no small difficultie, to trauerse the Popes Court, for the vnreasonable expenses amōgst those greedy cormorantes, yet hauing some skill of the Italian toung
CloseRecords of the English Hospital in Rome also show that Cromwell stayed there in June 1514.
At length, hauing knowledge how that the Popes holy tooth greatly delited in new fangled straunge delicates, and dayntie dishes, it came in his minde to prepare certeine fine dishes of gelly, after the best fashion, made after our countrey maner heere in Englande, which to them of Rome was not knowne nor seene before.
[Back to Top]This done, Cromwell obseruing his time accordyngly, as the Pope was newly come frō hunting into his pauillion, he with his companions approched with his english presents brought in with a threemans song (as we call it) in the English tongue, and all after þe English fashion. The Pope sodenly marueiling at the straungenes of the song, and vnderstanding that they were Englishmen, and that they came not emptie handed, willed them to be called in. Crōwell there shewing his obediēce, & offering his iolye iunkets,MarginaliaCromwels presentes to the Pope. suche as Kings and Princes only (sayd he) in the realme of Englaād vse to feede vpon, desired þe same to be accepted in beneuolent part, which he and his cōpanions as poore MarginaliaCromwell a suter for Boston Pardons.suters vnto his holines, had there brought and presented, as nouelties meete for his recreation, &c.
[Back to Top]
CloseThe pope would have been Leo X, not Julius II.
And thus was the iolye pardons of the Towne of Boston obteyned as you haue heard, for the maintenaunce of their decayed porte. The copie of which Pardons (which I haue in my handes) briefly comprehended, commeth to this effect
CloseFoxe - as he details of the document and a marginal citation make clear - is quoting, or paraphrasing, the renewal of the indulgences granted by Pope Clement VII in 1527, not the indulgences obtained by Cromwell.
Also should haue licence to carry about with them an aultar stone whereby they might haue a Priest to say them Masse, or other diuine seruice, where they would, without preiudice of any other Church or Chappell, though it were also before the day, yea and at three of the clocke after midnight in the Sommer tyme.
[Back to Top]Furthermore, MarginaliaPardon for visiting our Ladyes chappell in Boston.that all suche breethren and sisters of the sayd gilde, which should resort to þe chappel of our Lady in S. Botulphes Church at the feast of Easter, Whitsontide, Corpus Christi, the Natiuitie or Assumption of our Lady, or in þe Octaues of them, the feast of S. Michaell, and first Sonday in Lent, should haue Pardon no lesse then if they themselues personally had visited the Stations of Rome.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaThe price of Boston pardon. Crafty marchauntes.Prouided that euery such person, man or woman, entring into the same gilde, at his first entraunce should giue to the finding of vij. Priests, xij. Queresters, & xiij. beademen, and to the lightes of þe same brotherhoode & a Grammer schole, vj. shillings viij. pence, and for euery yeare after, xij. pence.
[Back to Top]And these premisses being before graunted by Pope Innocentius, and Pope Iulius 2. this Pope Clement also confirmed, graunting moreouer, that whatsoeuer brother or sister of the same gylde thorough pouertie, sickenes, or any other let could not resort personally to the saide chappell, notwithstanding he should be dispensed withall, as well for that, as for all other vowes, irregularities, censures Canonicall whatsoeuer, onely the vowe of going the Stations of Rome, and going to S. Iames of Compostella excepted. &c.
[Back to Top]MarginaliaFull remission a pæna & culpa.He also graunted vnto them power to receaue full remission A pœna & culpa
I.e., 'from penalty and guilt'.
Close
Item, that hauing their aultar stone, they mighte haue Masse sayd in any place, though it were vnhallowed.MarginaliaGood stuffe I trow. Also in the time of interdict, to haue Masse or any Sacramente ministred: and also being departed, that they might be buried in Christen buriall notwithstanding the interdict.
[Back to Top]Extending moreouer his graunt, that to all such breethren and sisters, in resorting to the foresayd Chappell of our Lady vpon the Natiuitie, or Assumption of our Lady, giuing supportation to the sayd Chappel, at euery such Festiuall daye, to haue full remission of all their sinnes. Or if they for any impediment could not be present at the Chappell aforesayd, yet if they came to their owne Parish Churche, and there sayd one Pater noster, and Aue Maria, they should enioy the same remission aboue specified: or whosoeuer came euery Friday to the same Chappell, should haue as much remission, as if he went to the Chappell of our Lady called Scala cœli.
A chapel in Rome, famous for the remission of sins granted to those who made a pilgrimage there.
Close
Furthermore, that whatsoeuer Christē people, of what estate or cōdition soeuer, either spirituall or tēporal, would ayde & support the chamberlaines or substitutes of þe foresayd gylde, should haue fiue hundreth yeares of pardon.
MarginaliaThe pope selleth egges, butter, and cheese.Item, to all brothers and sisters of the same gylde was graunted free libertie to eate in time of Lent, or other Fasting dayes, egges, milke, butter, cheese, and also fleshe, by the counsaile of their ghostly father and phisition, without any scruple of conscience.
[Back to Top]Item, that all partakers of the same gylde, and beyng supporters thereof, which once a quarter, or euery Friday or Saterday, either in the said Chappell in S. Botulphes Church, or any other Chappell, of their deuotion shall say a Pater noster, Aue Maria, and Creede, or shall say or cause to be sayde Masses for soules departed in paynes of Purgatory, shall not onely haue the full remission due to them which visite the Chappell of Scala Cœli, or of S. Iohn Lateran, but also the soules in Purgatory shall enioy full remission, and be released of all their paynes. MarginaliaPardon for soules in purgatory.
[Back to Top]Item, that all the soules departed of the brothers and sisters of the sayde gylde: also the soules of their fathers and mothers shall be partakers of all the prayers, suffragies, almoses, fastings, masses, and mattens, pilgrimages, and of all other good deedes of all the holy Churche militant for euer, &c.
[Back to Top]These indulgencies, pardons, grauntes, and relaxations, were geuen and graunted by Pope Nicholas the fift, Pope Pius 2. Pope Sixtus, and Pope Iulius the second, of which Pope Iulius it seemeth, that Cromwell obteyned this Pardon aforesaide about the yeare of oure Lorde 1510
CloseCromwell obtained the indulgences in 1518.
All this while it appeareth, that Cromwell had yet no sound taste nor iudgement of Religion, but was wylde & youthfull, without sence or regard of God and his worde as he himselfe was wont ofttimes to declare vnto Cran-