1583 Edition | Book 2 | Page 134 
Close(d. 651) [ODNB]
Irish monk of Iona; missionary to Northumbria and bishop of Lindisfarne
Requested by King Oswald of Northumbria; worked with him and Oswine
He preached in Northumbria, with King Oswald translating into English. 1570, pp. 150, 163; 1576, pp. 112, 123; 1583, pp. 111, 122.
Áedán was given a valuable horse by King Oswine of Deira so that he would not always have to travel on foot. He met a poor beggar one day and gave him the horse with its trappings. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Áedán allowed only milk and water to be drunk at Lindisfarne. 1570, p. 170; 1576, p. 129; 1583, p. 127.
Ádán, Finán and his successor Colmán held to the Irish method of calculating the date of Easter. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 124; 1583, p. 122.
Close(654 - 714) [ODNB]
Daughter of King Oswiu of Northumbria; abbess of Strensall-Whitby.
Dedicated to religion at one year old in fulfillment of a vow made by her father before his victory at the battle of the Winw?d; in the care of her relative Hild, succeeded her as abbess.
King Oswiu gave with his daughter 12 lordships to found 12 monasteries, six each in Bernicia and Deira. 1570, pp. 150, 177; 1576, pp. 112, 134; 1583, pp. 111, 133.
Close(d. 788) [ODNB sub Oswulf]
Son of Oswulf. King of Northumbria (779 - 88); murdered
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, pp. 150, 175; 1576, pp. 112, 133; 1583, pp. 111, 132.
Close(fl. c. 806 - 808) [ODNB sub Eardwulf]
King of Northumbria (c. 806 - c. 808)
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 867) [ODNB]
King of Northumbria (c. 866 - 67) Rival of Osbehrt for the throne of Northumbria; united with him after a Viking assault on York in 866; both were killed in a new Viking attack.
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. C6)
Sixth century king of East Saxons; father of Sledd.
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 757) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (716 - 57)
In exile under cousin Coelred; formed a close relationship with the hermit Guthlac. As king, he was dominant south of the Humber; murdered by his bodyguards.
Æthelbald attended the synod in 747 called by archbishop Cuthbert. 1570, p. 171; 1576, p. 129; 1583, p. 128.
Æthelbald received a letter from Boniface, archbishop of Mainz, admonishing him for his sinful life and oppression of churches. 1570, p. 171; 1576, p. 129; 1583, p. 128.
Æthelbald decreed that churches should be freed from all public charges. Bede died during his reign. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Æthelbald founded Peterborough Abbey. 1570, p. 177; 1576, p. 134; 1583, p. 133.
Æthelbald, after King Ceolwulf retired to a monastery, invaded and despoiled Northumbria. With other Saxon kings, he so dominated the Britons that they no longer attacked. Æthelbald placed heavy exactions upon Cuthred, King of the West Saxons. Eventually Cuthred attacked Æthelbald, and after a protracted war, defeated him. The next year Æthelbald attacked again and was killed. 1570, p. 171; 1576, p. 129; 1583, p. 128.
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Close(d. 918) [ODNB]
Ruler of the Mercians (911 - 18)
Daughter and eldest child of Alfred, king of the West Saxons; married Æthelred, Mercian ealdorman and ruler.
After Æthelflæd, the Mercian kingdom was subsumed into that of Wessex. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. c. 616) [ODNB]
King of Bernicia (592 - 604); king of Northumbria (604 - 616)
Son of Æthelric
Æthelfrith attacked the Britons at Chester. Brochfael, consul of Chester, gathered his forces, supported by the monks of Bangor, to meet the attack. Brochfael and fifty others managed to escape; the rest were killed. 1570, p. 160; 1576, p. 120; 1583, p. 119.
Æthelfrith killed the monks of Bangor who had come to pray for the success of the Britons. 1570, p. 150; 1576, pp. 111-12; 1583, pp. 110-11.
Æthelfrith persecuted the young Eadwine, who fled to Rædwald of the East Angles. Rædwald, through fear of Æthelfrith and bribery, intended to betray Eadwine. His mind was changed by his wife, and he met Æthelfrith in battle, where Æthelfrith was killed. 1570, p. 161; 1576, p. 121; 1583, p. 120.
Æthelfrith was killed in battle by his successor, Eadwine. 1570, pp. 160, 161; 1576, pp. 120, 121; 1583, pp. 119, 120.
Close(d. 796) [ODNB sub Oswulf]
King of Northumbria (774 - 79, 789 - 96)
Son of Æthelwold Moll. He was driven into exile 779 - 89; murdered.
His expulsion, second reign and murder are noted. 1570, pp. 150, 175; 1576, pp. 112, 132; 1583, pp. 111, 131.
Upon his return from France to England, Alcuin complained about the state of the country into which he had arrived in letters to Offa of Mercia, Æthelred of Northumbria and Æthelheard, archbishop of Canterbury. 1570, p. 176; 1576, p. 133; 1583, p. 132.
After Æthelred's murder, no one was prepared to accept the rule of Northumbria, and it remained in anarchy for years. 1570, p. 176; 1576, p. 133; 1583, p. 132.
Close(fl. c. 854 - c. 862) [ODNB]
King of Northumbria (c. 854 - c. 862)
Æthelred had two underkings in Northumbria. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. after 704) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (c. 674 - 704)
Son of Penda; succeeded brother Wulfhere. Abdicated in favour of his nephew, then became abbot of Bardney.
His sisters were Cyneburh and Cyneswith, who are referred to as holy virgins. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Æthelred was a patron of Bardney Abbey. 1570, p. 177; 1576, p. 134; 1583, p. 133.
Æthelred abdicated to become a monk, and then became abbot of Bardney. 1570, p. 168; 1576, p. 126; 1583, p. 125.
Close(893/4 - 939) [ODNB]
King of England (924 - 39)
Eldest but illegitimate son of Edward the Elder
The kingdom of Northumberland came into the hands of the West Saxons during the time of Æthelstan and his brother Edmund. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Æthelstan built two abbeys to expiate his murder of his brother Edwin. 1570, p. 1349; 1576, p. 1151; 1583, p. 1180.
Æthelstan is given as an example of a king wrongly accused and judged. 1570, p. 1360; 1576, p. 1161; 1583, p. 1189.
Close(d. 679) [ODNB]
Queen of Northumbria (670 - before 678); abbess of Ely (673 - 679)
Daughter of Anna, king of East Anglia; married Tondberht, then Ecgfrith, king of Northumbria in 670. Friend of Cuthbert and Wilfred; consecrated nun in 672; founded double monastery at Ely in 673; divorced by 678.
Etheldreda refused her husband Ecgfrith sexual relations, lived abstemiously and obtained his permission to become a nun. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. 759 - 765) [ODNB sub Oswulf]
King of Northumbria (759 - 65)
Some accounts say that Aethelwold was removed by his successor, Alhred. 1570, pp. 150, 175; 1576, pp. 112, 132; 1583, pp. 111, 131.
ClosePrincess of Deira [ODNB]
2nd wife of Aethelfrith, king of Bernicia; the marriage cemented his claim to Deira and created the kingdom of Northumbria
She is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 704/5) [ODNB]
King of Northumbria (685 - 704/5)
Illegitimate son of Oswiu; half-brother of Ecgfrith; teacher and scholar in Ireland
Aldfrith recovered much that had been lost by his predecessors. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
He restored Wilfrid to the bishopric of York, but after about five years removed him again. 1570, p. 166; 1576, p. 125; 1583, p. 124.
Close(fl. C7) [ODNB sub Peada, Oswiu]
Daughter of Oswiu, king of the Northumbrians. Married Peada, king of the Middle Angles, on her father's condition that he become a Christian
King Penda gave his consent to the marriage of his son Peada with Alhflæd, daughter of Oswiu of Northumbria. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Peada reigned with his brother Wulfhere. He was killed by his wife. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
She was said to have been responsible for her husband's murder. 1570, pp. 150, 164; 1576, pp. 112, 123; 1583, pp. 111, 122.
Close(fl. 765 - 774) [ODNB sub Oswulf]
King of Northumbria (765 - 74)
Deprived of the crown by the Northumbrian council, fled to Bamburgh, then to exile with the Picts.
Some accounts say that Alhred expelled his predecessor, Æthelwold Moll. He himself was expelled in turn by his own people. 1570, pp. 150, 175; 1576, pp. 112, 132; 1583, pp. 111, 131.
Close(c. 673/4 - 735) [ODNB]
Benedictine monk at Wearmouth and Jarrow; historian and theologian
Wrote on the use of language, computation, chronology, biblical commentaries, hagiography and biography
Author of Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum
Bede entered the monastery at Wearmouth under Abbot Benedict Biscop when he was seven years old. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 124; 1583, p. 122.
Bede was made deacon at nineteen years of age, and priest when he was twenty. 1570, p. 170; 1576, p. 128; 1583, p. 127.
Pope Sergius I sent a letter to Ceolfrith, abbot of Wearmouth, praising Bede's learning and asking that he be sent to Rome. 1570, p. 170; 1576, p. 128; 1583, p. 127.
Bede gave his Anglorum Historia to King Ceolwulf of Northumbria to be approved and amended. 1570, p. 170; 1576, p. 128; 1583, p. 127.
Bede wrote that in his time Easter was celebrated in Britain following the eastern practice. 1570, p. 145; 1576, p. 107; 1583, p. 106.
Thomas Arthur and Thomas Bilney, in their examination for heresy, said that Bede had translated the gospel of St John into English. 1563, p. 465; 1570, p. 1137; 1576, p. 974; 1583, p. 1000.
Bede died during the reign of Æthelbald of Mercia. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. 757) [ODNB sub Offa]
Took over the kingship of Mercia at the death of Æthelbald in 757; ousted by Offa
Beornred was said to have killed Æthelbald while in battle against the West Saxons. He was removed by Offa, who succeeded him. 1570, p. 171; 1576, p. 129; 1583, p. 128.
Beornred was deposed and was burnt in the same year. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 826?) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (823 - 26); killed by East Angles
Ecgberht of Wessex was initially expelled by Beorhtric. When he gained the throne, he was mocked for cowardice by Beornwulf of Mercia. 1570, p. 149, 1576, p. 111, 1583, p. 110.
Beornwulf deposed Ceolwulf in the first year of his reign and took over the throne. Beornwulf in turn in the third year of his reign was deposed by Ecgberht of Wessex and later killed by the East Angles. 1570, p. 176, 1576, p. 133, 1583, p. 132.
Close(d. 852?) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (c. 840 - c. 852)
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p.151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 874?) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (852 - 874); deposed by Vikings and driven into exile; went on pilgrimage to Rome and died there
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 634) [ODNB]
King of Gwynedd (c. 625 - 34)
Killed Eadwine of Northumbria in 633; killed Osric of Deira and Eanfrith of Bernicia in 634; was killed by Oswald
Cadwallon and Penda of Mercia killed Eadwine of Northumbria and his son in battle at Hatfield. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Eanfrith of Bernicia and Osric of Deira were killed in battle by Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia, having defeated and killed Eadwine, Eanfrith and Osric, attempted the same with Oswald. After a fierce battle, Oswald's forces prevailed. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
CloseKing of Mercia early C7
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(r. 716 - 18) [ODNB sub Osred I]
Son of Cuthwine
King of Northumbria (716 - 18)
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, pp. 150, 167; 1576, pp. 112, 126; 1583, pp. 111, 125.
Close(d. 821) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (796 - 821)
Distant relative of his predecessor Ecgfrith, son of Offa; it is possible that Offa had had closer relatives killed.
Cenwulf went to war against the men of Kent. 1570, p. 154; 1576, p. 115; 1583, p. 114.
Cenwulf had Eadberht III Præn bound and taken prisoner into Mercia. Cenwulf later built a church at Winchcombe, invited Eadberht into it, and restored him to his throne. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 131; 1583, p. 130.
Cenwulf, according to a story, was beheaded while hunting by his sister and his tutor. 1570, p. 154; 1576, p. 115; 1583, p. 114.
Close(d. in or after 823) [ODNB sub Rulers of Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms]
King of Mercia (821 - 23); brother of King Cenwulf
Beornwulf deposed Ceolwulf in the first year of his reign and took over the throne. 1570, p. 176, 1576, p. 133, 1583, p. 132.
Close(fl. 874 - 879) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (874 - 79); succeeded Burgred, who was driven out by Vikings
His rule was probably confined to western Mercia
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 764) [ODNB]
Brother of Cenred of Northumbria
King of Northumbria (729 - 737); abdicated in favour of his cousin Eadberht; became a monk of Lindisfarne
Bede gave his Anglorum Historia to Ceolwulf to be approved and amended. 1570, p. 170; 1576, p. 128; 1583, p. 127.
When Ceolwulf retired to Lindisfarne, the monks were allowed to drink wine or ale, having previously been allowed only milk and water. 1570, p. 170; 1576, p. 128; 1583, p. 127.
Close(d. 716) [ODNB]
Son of Aethelred of Mercia
King of the Mercians (709 - 16)
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. after 709) [ODNB]
Son of Wulfhere; succeeded his uncle Æthelred
King of the Mercians (704 - 09); resigned to go on pilgrimage to Rome; became a monk there
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. c. 593) king of Mercia late C6
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
CloseDaughter of Penda of Mercia [ODNB sub Penda]
Married to Alchfrith, son of Oswiu of Northumbria; supposed to have retired after his death to the minster at Castor, Northamptonshire and to have been buried there with her sister Cyneswith
She and her sister are referred to as holy virgins. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Agilbert, James the deacon of Paulinus, Wilfrid and Alchfrith, son of King Oswiu, and his wife Cyneburh held to the Roman method of calculating the date of Easter. 1570, p. 165; 1576, p. 124; 1583, p. 123.
Close(supp. fl. 803x11) [ODNB]
Martyr; legendary son of King Cenwulf of Mercia; succeeded to the throne as a young boy; murdered
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, pp. 150, 176; 1576, pp. 112, 133; 1583, pp. 111, 132.
CloseDaughter of Penda of Mercia [ODNB sub Penda]
Possibly married to Offa, king of the East Angles; said to have been buried at the minster at Castor, Northamptonshire, with her sister Cyneburh
She and her sister are referred to as holy virgins. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 768) [ODNB]
Cousin of Ceolwulf of Northumbria
King of Northumbria (737 - 58); abdicated in favour of his son Oswulf; became a monk
He was brother to Ecgberht, archbishop of York. 1570, p. 171; 1576, p. 129; 1583, p. 128.
Offa of Mercia won victories over Eadberht of Northumbria and Æthelred of the East Angles. 1570, p. 173, 1576, p. 130, 1583, p. 129.
Eadberht abdicated and became a monk. 1570, p. 175, 1576, p. 132, 1583, p. 131.
Close(c. 586 - 633) [ODNB]
Son of Aella, king of Deira; prince of Deira
King of Northumbria (616 - 33); converted to Christianity; killed in battle against Penda of Mercia and Cadwallon
Eadwine, when he was young, was persecuted by Æthelfrith, king of Northumbria, and fled to Rædwald of the East Angles. Rædwald, through fear of Æthelfrith and bribery, intended to betray Eadwine. His mind was changed by his wife, and he met Æthelfrith in battle, where Æthelfrith was killed. Eadwine then was made king. 1570, pp. 160-61; 1576, pp. 120-21; 1583, pp. 119-20.
[Back to Top]Æthelfrith was killed in battle by his successor, Eadwine. 1570, p. 160; 1576, p. 120; 1583, p. 119.
Cynegils and Cwichelm of the West Saxons plotted the assassination of Eadwine of Northumbria, but the attempt failed. His servant was killed instead; Eadwine was seriously wounded. He promised to convert to Christianity if he was victorious over the West Saxons. In token of this, he had his daughter, born on the day he was wounded, baptised by Paulinus. Eadwine then attacked the West Saxons and defeated them. 1570, p. 162; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 120.
[Back to Top]In spite of his promise, Eadwine was reluctant to convert. 1563, p. 18; 1570, p. 162; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Eadwine was converted and baptised by Paulinus, bishop of London, at York. 1563, p. 18; 1570, pp. 150, 162; 1576, pp. 112, 122; 1583, pp. 111, 120.
Through the efforts of Eadwine, King Earpwald of the East Angles adopted Christianity fully. 1563, p. 18; 1570, pp. 151, 163; 1576, pp. 113, 122; 1583, pp. 112, 121.
Eadwine was killed in battle by Cadwallon and Penda. 1570, p. 162; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Close(d. 634) [ODNB sub Oswald]
Eldest son of Æthelfrith; exiled with his brothers at their father's death
King of Bernicia (633 - 34); killed by Cadwallon
Eanfrith and Osric of Deira were converted to Christianity in exile in Ireland, but went back to their old religion once they became kings. They were killed by Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Eanfrith and Osric were killed because they gave up their Christian belief. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. c. 830 - c. 854) [ODNB sub Eardwulf]
King of Northumbria (c. 830 - c. 854)
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. 796 - c. 830) [ODNB]
King of Northumbria (796 - 806); expelled; restored (808 - c. 830) by envoys of the pope and Charlemagne
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
CloseC9 king of Northumbria under the Danes
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
CloseLate C9 Saxon 'king' of northern Northumbria under the Danes [N. J. Higham, The Kingdom of Northumbria AD350-1100 (Stroud, 1993) pp. 181, 183]
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 796) [ODNB]
Son of Offa of Mercia; consecrated during his father's lifetime in 787
King of the Mercians (796)
Ecgfrith reigned only four months. Alcuin said that he died, not for his own offences, but because his father had spilled much blood to guarantee his inheritance. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 131; 1583, p. 130.
Close(645/6 - 685) [ODNB]
Elder son of Oswiu
King of Northumbria (670 - 85); conflict with Wilfred, bishop of York; struggled against Mercia and the Picts; killed in battle against the Picts
Ecgfrith, when he came to the throne, promoted Cuthbert to the bishopric of Lindisfarne. He supported the replacement of Wilfred as bishop of York with Ceadda. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Ecgfrith's wife Etheldreda refused sexual relations, lived abstemiously and obtained his permission to become a nun. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(920/21 - 946) [ODNB]
Son of Edward the Elder; brother of Æthelstan
King of England (939 - 46)
The kingdom of Northumberland came into the hands of the West Saxons during the time of Edmund and his brother Æthelstan. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(870s? - 924) [ODNB]
Eldest son of King Alfred
King of the Anglo-Saxons (899 - 924); rebellion in favour of his cousin Æthelwold broke out at Alfred's death in 899
Extended the realm, but rebellions continued
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. C7) [ODNB sub Wulfhere]
Daughter of King Eorcenberht of Kent; married Wulfhere, king of the Mercians; niece of Æthelthryth, abbess of Ely
Soon after Wulfhere married Eormenhild, he converted to Christianity. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Foxe mistakenly says that the sister nuns Mildrith and Mildburg were Wulfhere's daughters. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 661) [ODNB]
Irish monk of Iona; bishop of Lindisfarne in 651 following Áidán; missionary
Finán converted and baptised Peada, king of Mercia, and his court. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Finán converted and baptised Sigeberht Sanctus, king of the East Saxons. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
[Foxe mistakenly refers to Sigeberht as the king of the East Angles]: 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Ádán, Finán and his successor Colmán held to the Irish method of calculating the date of Easter. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 124; 1583, p. 122.
Close(674 - 715) [ODNB]
Member of the Mercian royal dynasty; warrior (689 - 98)
Monk at Repton (698 - 700); hermit at Crowland (700 - 15)
Guthlac, leaving his monastery, lived as a hermit. 1570, pp. 150, 167; 1576, pp. 112, 126; 1583, pp. 111, 125.
After his death, miracles were attributed to Guthlac and an abbey was built at Crowland. 1570, p. 167; 1576, p. 126; 1583, p. 125.
Close(d. 827) [ODNB sub Rulers of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms]
King of the Mercians (826? - 27); killed
Ludeca was killed by Ecgbehrt of Wessex, who subdued the rest of the Saxons. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 624) [ODNB]
Leader of the group of missionaries sent by Gregory I in 601; bishop of London (604 - 616/18); archbishop of Canterbury (619 - 24)
Pope Gregory sent a letter to Mellitus. 1570, p. 159; 1576, p. 119; 1583, p. 118.
Mellitus was sent to the East Saxons and was consecrated bishop of London.1570, p. 159; 1576, p. 119; 1583, p. 118.
Mellitus converted King Sæberht of the East Saxons and built St Paul's. After the king's death, his sons, who had not been converted, expelled Mellitus because, as they had not been baptised, he refused them communion bread.1563, p. 18; 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. in or after 716) [ODNB]
Abbess of Much Wenlock; sister of St Mildrith of Thanet; daughter of Merewalh, sub-king of Magonsaete
She and her sisters are mentioned by Foxe as daughters of King Wulfhere of Mercia. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
She and her sisters are mentioned by Foxe correctly as daughters of King Merewalh. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. 716 - c. 733) [ODNB]
Abbess of Minster in Thanet; sister of St Mildburg of Much Wenlock; daughter of Merewalh, sub-king of Magonsaete
She and her sisters are mentioned by Foxe as daughters of King Wulfhere of Mercia. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
She and her sisters are mentioned by Foxe correctly as daughters of King Merewalh. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
CloseReputed sister of Mildrith and Mildburg; daughter of Merewalh, sub-king of Magonsaete; nun
She and her sisters are mentioned by Foxe as daughters of King Wulfhere of Mercia. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
She and her sisters are mentioned by Foxe correctly as daughters of King Merewalh. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 654/5) [ODNB sub Oswiu]
Son of Oswald; king of Deira 651; followed an independent line from his uncle Oswiu; allied with Penda of Mercia; deserted Penda in 655
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 796) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (757 - 96); dominant ruler in England by the end of the reign; built military earthwork, Offa's Dyke, against the Welsh; had Æthelberht, king of the East Anglians, beheaded in 794
Offa, kinsman of King Æthelbald, ousted Beornred and became king of the Mercians. 1570, p. 171, 1576, p. 129, 1583, p. 128.
Offa won victories over Eadberht of Northumbria and Æthelred of the East Angles. He established an archbishopric in Lichfield, with the agreement of Pope Adrian. He chased the Britons into Wales and built a defensive dyke. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 130; 1583, p. 129.
Alcuin was sent to Charlemagne by Offa of Mercia in hopes of cementing peace between them. Charlemagne held Alcuin in high esteem and made him abbot of Tours. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 131; 1583, p. 129
Charlemagne sent a letter to King Offa, praising Pope Adrian I. 1570, p. 175; 1576, p. 132; 1583, p. 131
Upon his return from France to England, Alcuin complained about the state of the country into which he had arrived in letters to Offa of Mercia, Æthelred of Northumbria and Æthelheard, archbishop of Canterbury. 1570, p. 176; 1576, p. 133; 1583, p. 132.
Offa of Mercia gave one of his daughters to Beorhtric of Wessex in marriage. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 131; 1583, p. 129.
Æthelberht, king of the East Angles, came to Offa's court to marry his daughter. Offa had him murdered due to the counsel of his wife. 1570, pp. 151, 154; 1576, pp. 113, 115; 1583, pp. 112, 114.
Cynethryth, Offa's queen, suspected that Æthelberht was coming to Offa's court, under pretence of marrying their daughter, to murder him and the Mercians. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 131; 1583, p. 129.
Offa had Æthelberht brought in on his own and then had him beheaded. 1570, p. 173; 1576, p. 131; 1583, p. 129.
In repentance for Æthelberht's murder, Offa brought in the Peter's Pence. He gave lands to the church, built monasteries and the abbey of St Alban's in penance. 1570, pp. 150, 173; 1576, pp. 112, 131; 1583, pp. 111, 129.
Close(fl. C7) [ODNB sub Aethelfrith]
Son of Aethelfrith
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 867) [ODNB]
King of Northumbria (848x862 - 867); united with rival Ælle after Viking assault on York in 866
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. C7) [ODNB sub Æthelfrith]
Son of Æthelfrith
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(696x8 - 716) [ODNB]
Son of Aldfrith; adopted by Wilfrid
King of Northumbria (c. 705 - 16)
Osred began his reign when he was about eight years old and reigned for ten years. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Osred restored Wilfrid to the bishopric of York. 1570, p. 166; 1576, p. 125; 1583, p. 124.
Close(d. 792) [ODNB]
Son of King Alhred of Northumbria
King of Northumbria (788 - 90); deposed, tonsured at York, exiled; attempted to return; captured and executed by King Æthelred
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, pp. 150, 175; 1576, pp. 112, 133; 1583, pp. 111, 131.
Close(d. 634) [ODNB]
Son of Ælfric; cousin to predecessor Eadwine
King of Deira (633 - 34); killed by Cadwallon
Osric and Eanfrith of Bernicia were converted to Christianity in exile in Ireland, but went back to their old religion once they became kings. They were killed by Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Osric and Eanfrith were killed because they gave up their Christian belief. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 729) [ODNB]
King of Northumbria (718 - 29)
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, pp. 150, 167; 1576, pp. 112, 126; 1583, pp. 111, 125.
Close(603/4 - 642) [ODNB]
Second son of Æthelfrith; exiled with his brothers at their father's death
King of Northumbria (634 - 42); converted to Christianity while in exile; killed in battle against Penda of Mercia
Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia, having defeated and killed Eadwine, Eanfrith and Osric, attempted the same with Oswald. After a fierce battle, Oswald's forces prevailed. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Oswald overcame Penda and Cadwallon in battle through prayer. He sent for Áedán to preach and translated for him. 1570, pp. 150, 163; 1576, pp. 112, 122; 1583, pp. 111, 121.
Oswald converted to Christianity while in exile with the Irish and learned their language. He was thus able to translate for Áedán. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 121.
Oswald was partly responsible for the conversion of King Cynegils of the West Saxons. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Oswald stood godfather to King Cynegils of the West Saxons and married his daughter. He was killed in battle against Penda of Mercia. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Close(d. 651) [ODNB]
Son of Osric; king of Deira (644 - 51)
Last independent ruler of Deira; murdered by the followers of Oswiu
Oswine ruled with his cousin Oswiu of Bernicia. Oswine gave Áedán, bishop of Lindisfarne, a valuable horse so that he would not always have to travel on foot. Because Oswine would not or could not join Oswiu in battle, Oswiu had him killed.1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Close(611/12 - 670) [ODNB]
Son of Æthelfrith; exiled with his brothers at their father's death; baptised as a Christian in exile
King of Northumbria (642 - 70); struggle with Penda of Mercia; chaired the synod of Whitby in 664
Before battle, Oswiu dedicated his daughter to religion, along with 12 lordships to found 12 monasteries. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Oswiu was a friend of King Sigeberht of the East Saxons and was instrumental in his conversion. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 113; 1583, p. 112.
King Oswiu gave with his daughter Ælfflæd 12 lordships to found 12 monasteries, six each in Bernicia and Deira. 1570, pp. 150, 177; 1576, pp. 112, 134; 1583, pp. 111, 133.
Penda of Mercia gave his consent to the marriage of his son Peada with Alhflæd, daughter of Oswiu. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Oswiu killed Penda of Mercia in battle. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Oswiu presided over the Synod of Whitby in 664 and opened it with an oration. 1570, p. 165; 1576, p. 124; 1583, p. 123.
Oswiu, having listened to spokesmen for both the Irish and the Roman positions on the calculation of the date of Easter, decided in favour of the Roman. 1570, pp. 165-66; 1576, pp. 124-25; 1583, pp. 123-24.
Close(d. 759) [ODNB]
Son of Eadberht of Northumbria
King of Northumbria (758 - 59); killed by his household
Oswulf, although innocent, was killed in the first year of his reign. 1570, p. 175; 1576, p. 132; 1583, p. 131.
Close(d. 644) [ODNB]
Bishop of York 625 and of Rochester 633; one of the monks sent by Gregory I in 601; worked to convert Eadwine of Northumbria
Eadwine of Northumbria was converted and baptised by Paulinus at York. 1563, p. 18; 1570, pp. 150, 163; 1576, pp. 112, 122; 1583, pp. 111, 121.
Eadwine was reluctant to convert, but Paulinus worked patiently to persuade him. Paulinus baptised many people in the rivers of the realm, and he built a stone church at Lincoln. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Paulinus was the first bishop of York, consecrated by Justus, archbishop of Canterbury. Upon the death of Justus, Paulinus consecrated Honorius as his successor. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
After the death of King Eadwine, and the conquest by Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia, the subsequent disorder forced Paulinus to flee into Kent, along with Queen Æthelburh and her daughter Eanflæd. There Paulinus became bishop of Rochester. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Close(d. 656) [ODNB]
Son of Penda of Mercia; sub-king under his father; son-in-law of Oswiu of Northumbria
Baptised by Finán of Lindisfarne in 653
King of the Mercians south of the Trent (655 - 56); murdered, alledgedly through the treachery of his wife
King Penda gave his consent to the marriage of his son Peada with Alhflæd, daughter of Oswiu of Northumbria. A condition set by Oswiu was Peada's promise to convert to Christianity, which he did after the death of his father. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Peada reigned with his brother Wulfhere. He was killed by his wife. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 655) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (c. 626 - 55)
Defeated Eadwine and Oswald of Northumbria; made alliances with Britons to the west of Mercia; beheaded by Oswiu
Penda killed in battle Eadwine and Oswald of Northumbria, Sigeberht, Ecgric and Anna of the East Angles, and drove out Cenwalh of the West Saxons. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Penda and Cadwallon of Gwynedd killed Eadwine of Northumbria and his son in battle at Hatfield. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Eanfrith of Bernicia and Osric of Deira were killed in battle by Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Cadwallon of Gwynedd and Penda of Mercia, having defeated and killed Eadwine, Eanfrith and Osric, attempted the same with Oswald. After a fierce battle, Oswald's forces prevailed. 1570, p. 163; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.
Sigeberht of the East Angles, who had entered a monastery, came out to lead an army against Penda, but refused to bear arms himself. He was killed in battle. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 113; 1583, p. 112.
Penda gave his consent to the marriage of his son Peada with Alhflæd, daughter of Oswiu of Northumbria. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Penda killed Oswald of Northumbria in battle; Penda was killed in battle by Oswiu, Oswald's brother. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
CloseFather of Penda [ODNB sub Penda]
King of Mercia late C6 - C7
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
CloseC9 king of Northumbria under the Danes
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 616/17) [ODNB sub Kings of the East Saxons]
King of the East Saxons; nephew of King Æthelberht of Kent, his overlord
Converted to Christianity by Mellitus in 604
Sæberht was the first of the East Saxon kings to be converted. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
With Æthelberht of Kent, Sæberht built the church of St Paul's in London. They translated the archbishop's see to Canterbury. 1570, pp. 149, 161, 177; 1576, pp. 111, 121, 134; 1583, pp. 110, 120, 133.
Close(d. in or after 617) [ODNB sub Kings of the East Saxons]
Son of Sæberht, brother of Seaxred
King of the East Saxons with his two brothers (616/17); killed in battle
He and his brothers expelled Bishop Mellitus because, as they had not been baptised, he refused them communion bread. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. in or after 617) [ODNB sub Kings of the East Saxons]
Son of Sæberht, brother of Sæward
King of the East Saxons with his two brothers (616/17); killed in battle
He and his brothers expelled Bishop Mellitus because, as they had not been baptised, he refused them communion bread. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. late C6) [ODNB sub Kings of the East Saxons]
King of the East Saxons late C6
He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(fl. 827 - c. 840) [ODNB]
King of the Mercians (827 - 29, 830 - c. 840); deposed by Ecgberht of Wessex; regained throne
Wiglaf became a tributary of Ecgberht of Wessex. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close(d. 675) [ODNB]
Son of King Penda
King of the Mercians (658 - 75)
East Saxon rulers were subject to him; extended control over territories formerly ruled by Kent and the West Saxons
Foxe mistakenly says that the sister nuns Mildrith and Mildburg were his daughters. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
After the death of his brother Peada, Wulfhere came to the Northumbrian throne. Soon after he married Eormenhild, the daughter of Eorcenberht, King of Kent, he converted to Christianity. 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
Wulfhere defeated Cenwalh, king of the West Saxons, and obtained the Isle of Wight, which he gave to Sigeberht of the East Angles on condition he accept Christianity. [Wulfhere gave the Isle of Wight to Æthelwealh, king of the South Saxons, his godson, whom he had persuaded to accept Christianity - ODNB sub Wulfhere; Foxe: 1570, p. 166; 1576, p. 125; 1583, p. 124] 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
[Back to Top]Foxe says that Wulfhere persuaded Sigebehrt of the East Angles to accept Christianity. Sigebehrt of the East Angles had converted while in exile in France and had entered a monastery before Wulfhere came to the throne [ODNB sub Sigebehrt]. The king who was baptised by Finán was Sigebehrt Sanctus of the East Saxons, and he was persuaded by Oswiu, king of Northumbria [ODNB sub Kings of the East Angles; ODNB sub Finán; Foxe, 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 113; 1583, p. 112.] 1570, p. 164; 1576, p. 123; 1583, p. 122.
[Back to Top]When King Sigehere of the East Saxons reverted to paganism, he was made to return to Christianity by his overlord, King Wulfhere. 1570, p. 150; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.
Close[Crouland]
South Holland, Lincolnshire
OS grid ref: TF 245 105
| MarginaliaThe kings of Northūberland.Ethelfridus Bernicorū. | ||
| of 2200. whyche came to praye for the good successe of the Britaynes, and by hys wife Accan, the daughter of Elle, had vij. sonnes, Eaufridus, Osualdus, Oswius, Oslacus, Osmundus, Osa, Offa. Flor. Histor. | ||
| Edwinus, Northumberland, slaine. | 17 | Thys Edwinus was the first of the Northumberland kings, whych was conuerted and Christened by Paulinus Byshop of London. |
| Osricus Deirorum, slaine. Eaufridus Bernicia, slaine. | These two are put out of the rase of kings, because they reuloted frō the Christian faith, and were both slayne miserablye by Cedwalla a Brittayne, which then raigned in Northumberland, and in Mercia. | |
| Oswaldus, Northumberland, slaine. | This Oswaldus, called S. Oswald, fought with Cedwalla, & Penda with a small army, and by strength of prayer vanquished thē in the field. He sent for Ædanus into Scotlād to preach in hys coūtry, & as he preached in Scottish, þe king expoūded in English. He was a great geuer of almes to þe poore. Of his other actes more appeareth hereafter. | |
| Oswius, Northumberland. | 28 | This Oswius fighting against Penda, vowed to make his daughter Elfred a Nonne, geuing wyth her. 12. Lordships, to build 12. Monasteries. vj. in Bernicia. vj. in Deira. |
| Oswinus raigned together with Oswius in Deira slaine. | 7 | The same Oswius in the beginning of hys raigne tooke one Oswinus the sonne of Edwyne to be his partener ouer the countrey of Deyra. Afterward causing him to be killed, tooke to hym an other called Edelwald, the sonne of Oswalde. Of thys Oswynus more followeth hereafter to be declared. |
| Egfridus, Northumberland. slayne. | 15 | Thys Egfrid marryed Etheldrida, who being xij. yeares maried to hym, could after, by no meanes be allured to lye with him, but obtaining of him licence, was made Nunne, & then Abbes of Elye. She made but one meale a day, & neuer weare linen. At last the same Egfrid fighting against þe Scots, was slayne in the fielde by a trayne of the Scots, faining themselues to flee. |
| Alridus, Notthumberland, slaine. | 20 | Of this Alfride, Bede in his historie testifieth that he was exactly and perfectly seene in the holy Scriptures, & recouered much that hys predecessors had lost before. Bed. lib. 4. cap. 24. Some say he raigned not 18. yeares. |
| Osred9, Northumberland, slaine. | 11 | Osred began his raigne being but viii. yeares old, and raigned the space of x. yeares. |
| Kenredus, North. | 2 | |
| Oriscus, North. | 20 | Some affirme that Osriscus raigned but xi. yeares. |
| Celulfus[illegible text], Northumb. made a Monke. | 9 | This Celulf aftre he had raigned. 8. yeares was made a Monke. To hym Beda wrote his storie. |
| Egbertus, or Eadbertus, Northumberlād, Monke. | 21 | |
| Osulfus, Northumber. slaine. | 1 | |
| Mollo, or Ethelwold, North. | 11. In some Chronicles vj. yeeres. | Mollo by the subtil traine of Altredus was made away, whych Altredus also himselfe after he had raigned x. yeres was expulsed by his owne people. |
| Altredus, Northum. expulsed. | 10 | In some Chronicles this Altredus raigned but viij. yeares. |
| Ethelbertus, or Edelredus, Northumberland, expulsed. | 5 | |
| Alfwoldus, Northumberland slaine, | 11 | |
| Osredus. | ||
| Ethelbertus, or Adelwaldus, North. slaine. | 16 |
¶ After this Ethelbert, tht kingdome of Northumberland ceased the space of xxv. yeares, till Egbertus King of the Westsaxons subdued also them, as hee did the other Saxons to his dominion. After the whych Egbert king of the Westsaxons succeeded in Northūberland hys sonne.
| Ethelwolfus. | Ethelbaldus. | Kings of Westsaxons, raigning in Northumberland. |
| Ethelbertus. | Ethelredus. |
In the tyme of thys Ethelredus there were two vnder Kinges in Northumberland Ella, and Osbright, whom the Danes ouercame and raigned in theyr place, whose names were these.
| Exbertus. | Gurthed. | |
| Richsi. | Guthrid. | Danes. |
| Egebert. |
¶ After the raigne of these foresayd Danes, the kingdome of Northumberland came into the hands of the Westsaxons, in the time of Athelstane and his brother Edmundus. It began first. An. 547 and so endured. 409. yeares. It contained Yorkeshyre, Notinghamshyre, Darbishyre, the Byshopricke of Dyrham, Copeland and other.
[Back to Top]Marginalia(561) Mercia.¶ The kings of Mercia, or Merceland with the yeares of their raigne. | ||
| MarginaliaThe Kinges of Mercia.Grida, or Creodda. | 35 | |
| Wibba. | 20 | |
| Ceorlus. | 10 | |
| Penda, slaine. | 30 | Penda slew in battaile Edwyne and Oswald kinges of Northumb. Also Sigebert, Edrike, and Anna, kinges of the Eastangles. Also he droue out Kenwalkins kinge of the Westsaxons. |
| Peda, or Weda, slayne by his wife. | Vnder Peda, and Wlferus, Christes faith was receiued in those parts, they being conuerted by Finianus Bishop. The same Peda raygned in a part of Mercia, with hys brother Wlferus, which were both the sonnes of Penda. | |
| Wlferus. | 29 | This Wlfer9 by his wife Ermeburg had iii. daughters, Milburg, Mildrith, and Mildgith, holy virgines, |
| Adelredus, or Ethelred, made Monke. 30 or. | 19 | This Adelredus, or Ethelredus was Monke of Bardney, whose sisters were Kynedrid, and Kynswith, holye virgines. |
| Kenredus made also Monke at Rome. | 5 | |
| Ceolredus, or Kelredus. | In the tyme of this Ceolred was Guthlake otherwise called S. Guthlake, the Popish Eremite of Crouland. | |
| Ethelbaldus, slaine. | 41 | Vnder Ethelbaldus dyed Beda. Ethelbald gaue that all churches should be free from all exactions and publike charges. |
| Bernredus. | 1 | This Bernred for his pride & stoutnes toward his people, was by thē deposed, & the same yeare by the iust iudgement of God burned. Histor. Carines. |
| Offa. | 39 | Offa causing or cōsenting to the death of good Ethelbert king of the Eastangles, peaceably comming to mary his daughter, for repentaunce caused the Peter pence first to be geuē to Rome, and there did his penaunce. |
| Egfredus. | 1 | |
| Kenulphus, slaine, | 20 or. 16. | |
| Kenelmus, murthered | This Kenelme beyng of vij. yeares of age, was wickedly slayne after hee had raygned vi. monethes. | |
| Ceolwolfus expulsed, | 1. or 3. | |
| Bernulphus, slaine. | 3 | |
| Ludecanus, slaine. | 2 | This Ludicane after the 2. yeare of his raigne was slayne of Egbert, king of the Westsaxons, by whome the rest of the Saxons were also subdued. |
| Some Chronicles here insert Milefred9. | |
| Wilasius, or Withlacus beheaded. | 12 |
¶This Withlacus in the beginning of his raigne was vanquished by Egfrid king of Westsaxe, to whome hee became tributarie wyth hys successours here following.
| Berthulfus. | 12 | Celustus. | 1 | ¶ Some wryters say that these kinges were subdued by the Danes. |
| Buthredus. | 20 | Elfredus. | 1 |
After this Elfride the kingdome of the Mercians was translated vnto the Westsaxons, in the latter time of king Alfred, or in the beginning of Edwardus Senior, and so was adioyned to the Westsaxons, beginning. An. 561. It endured the space of 250. yeares, til about the latter end of Aluredus, by whome it was ioyned to the kingdome of Westsaxons. This kingdome stretched out to Huntingtonshire, Hertfordshire, Glocestershire, Worceter, Warwick, Lichfield, Couentry, Chester, Darbishire, Staffordshire, Shrosebury, Oxforde, Buckingham Dorceter, Lincolne, Lecester. &c.
[Back to Top]Marginalia(561) Eastsaxons.¶ The kings of the Eastsaxons, with the yeares of their raigne. | ||
| Erchwinus. | 35 | |
| Sledda. | 17 | |
| Sebertus, or Sigebertus. | 14 | This Sebertus nephew to Ethelbert king of Kent amōg these kings was first Christened by Mellitus, whyche made the Church of Paules. |
| Sexredus, and Sewardus, brethren slaine. | 7 | |
| Sexred, & Seward, and Sigebert, expelled Mellitus the Bishop, because he would not minister to them the sacramētal bread, they being not baptised. |