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Basel

[Basill]

Switzerland

Coordinates: 47° 34' 0" N, 7° 36' 0" E

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Nürnberg (Nuremberg) [Nureburgh; Nurremberge; Noremberge; Norenberge]

Germany

Coordinates: 49° 27' 0" N, 11° 5' 0" E

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Przibislav [Prezorabia]

South Bohemia, Czech Republic

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Teplice (German:Teplitz) [Thopa]

Ústí nad Labem, Czech Republic

Coordinates: 50° 38' 0" N, 13° 49' 0" E

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Trocnov [Trosnouia]

Bohemia, Czech Republic

Coordinates: 48° 54' 0" N, 14° 36' 0" E

communing muche w^t them as touching his right & title, and the recouering of his fathers kingdome, promising if there were any cause, which did alienate the Bohemians minds from him, that he would take away al the occasion therof.MarginaliaSigismund the Emperor which burned Hus and Hierom before, now is fayne to entreat for hys kingdome. They made answer, that he had made warre vpon them without cause, and that he had suffred their countrey men cōtrary to his promise, to be burnt at Constance not being heard, and the kingdom to be contumeliously interdited, and the Nobles of Boheme to be condemned by the church of Rome as heretickes:MarginaliaThe death of I. Hus & Hierome reuenged. and that he should thincke the force and power of the Bohemians not to be so small, but that they would prouide for their owne honor. Wherunto the Emperor answered very gently, & offered them a general councel, wherein they might declare their innocency, if they woulde submit themselues to the iudgement of the vniuersal Church: but the Bohemians which were now become valiant victors in armes, would not now be ouercome with wordes, and so nothing being finally concluded, the Emperor returned home.

Then pope Martin perceiuing the Gospell to increase daily more and more, MarginaliaThe Cardinall of Winchester fent into Germany to rayse warre agaynst the Bohemians.sent the Cardinall of Winchester an Englishman, borne of a noble house, into Germanie to mooue them vnto warre against the Bohemians. Wherevnto the Emperor also did assiste him.

There were three armies prouided.MarginaliaThree armies set against the Bohemians. In the first armie were the Dukes of Saxonie, and the lower cities.

The 2. armye, which was gathered of þ^e Franconians, was vnder þ^e conduct of the Marques of Brandenburge.

The 3. army was led by Otho the archbishop of Treuers, whom the Rhenenses, the Bauarians, and the Imperiall cities of Sweuia followed. These armies entring into Boheme, in 3. seuerall partes, after they were passed the woode, they ioyned together & pitched before Misna. MarginaliaGod rescueth his people newly conuerted.This towne a certaine learned and eloquent protestāt, named Prichicho, the night before, had won frō the Papists: wherfore the army was determined first to recouer þ^t citie, before they woulde goe any further. But when as newes came vnto the host, how the Protestants had gathered an army, and came w^tall spede towards them: MarginaliaThe popes army flyeth.they fled before the saw their enemies, and went vnto Thaconia, leauing behind them their warlike engins with a great pray. The Cardinall was not yet come into the campe, but meeting them in their flight at Thacouia, he maruailed at the cowardly flight of so many Noble and valiaunt men, desiring them that they woulde turne againe vnto their ennemies, which he sayde, were farre weaker then they. Which thing when he had long trauailed about in vaine, hee was faine to be a companion with them in their flight.MarginaliaLyke captayne, lyke souldiour. They were scarsly entred the woode, when as the Bohemians comming vpon thē, set vpon their rereward. Then was theyr flight muche more disordered and fearfull then before, neither did they leaue flying before the Bohemiās left folowing. Then all impediment or let being taken away, they vanquished Thacouia: and hauing obtained great store of warlike engines, they destroyed Misna. And when they would haue returned home by Franconia, they had great summes of mony sent vnto them þ^t they shuld not wast or destroy the Countreis of Bramberge and Noremberge: wherby the host of the Bohemians was greatly enriched.

MarginaliaAnno. 1421.Sigismundus the Emperour hauing newes of these things, went straighte vnto Noremburge, and gathered there new aide and helpe. MarginaliaThe Pope rayseth warre the second time against the Bohemians.Also Pope Martin sent Iulian the cardinall of S. Angel into Germany with his ambassade, to make warre against the Bohemians, and that hee should in the Counsell of Basill, which doth nowe shortly draw on, be president in the popes name. He entring into Germany, went straight to Norenberge to the Emperor, wheras many of the nobles of Germany were assembled.

MarginaliaA newe warre raysed by the pope against the Bohemians.There was a new expedition decreed against the Bohemians, against the 8. Kalendes of Iuly, and Fredericke Marques of Brandenburge appoynted generall of that warre, which should follow the Cardinal. He entred into Boheme by the way that leadeth vnto Thopa, and Albertus prince of Austrich was appoynted to bring hys armie thorough Morauia.

In this expedition was Albert & Christopher of Bauaria, and Friderike Dukes of Saxony, Iohn and Albert princes of Brandenburge, wyth their father, which was generall of those warres. Also the bishops of Hyperbolis, Bamberge, and Eisten. Also the company of the Sweuians, which they called the company of S.George, and the Magistrates of the imperiall cities, the bishops of Mentz, Treuers and Colen sent their aides, and wyth them the chieftaines of their prouinces. MarginaliaThe number of the popes army against the Bohemians.It is sayd that the number of their horsemen were aboue 40000. But their footemen were not full so many, for the Germains for the most part do vse to fight their battels on horsebacke.

Also Rhenatus prince of Loraine promised to come to these warres, but being letted by his ciuill warres, for somuch as hee went about to vanquish the Earle of Vandome, wherby he could not keepe his promise, neyther the County Pallatine of Rheine, which did aide and succour the Earle of Vandome, coulde not goe against the Bohemians. The Cardinal staying for them, deferred his iourney vntill the Kalends of August. In the meane time, Albert leading his armie out of Austria, vnderstanding that the Cardinall was not present at the day appoynted, and seeing himselfe vnable to encounter wyth the Bohemian power, he returned backe againe. MarginaliaCardinall Iulian with a maine host entreth Boheme.After this the Cardinall entred into Boheme with an huge army, & destroyed many of the protestantes townes, killing men, women, and children, sparing neither olde nor yong:MarginaliaThe cruell slaughter done by the Cardinall. notwithstanding, this his tiranny was exercised in the vttermost borders of Boheme, for his captaines feared to enter farre into the land. The Bohemians assone as they heard tel þ^t their enemy was come, made ready, & gathered their host with all speede, and laid siege to a towre called Stiltiuerge, and brought it vnder subiection.

MarginaliaGod striketh a feare in the popes army.In the meane season there fel such a maruelous sodein feare amongs al þ^e papists throughout the whole campe, þ^t they begā most shamefully to run away before any enemy appearing in sight. The cardinal Iulianus maruelling at this most sodein feare, and what should moone so great an army to flie, went about vnto þ^e captains, exhorting them to put on armor, to order their battels, & coragiously to abide their enemies, saying: they did not fight for the glory of their kingdom, or for the possessiō of lands, but for their liues, and the honor & *Marginalia* Rather for the religion of Antichrist This Cardinall belike loued to preach rather in the campe thē in the church. religion of Christ, and for the saluation of soules. How ignominious a thing is it (saith he) for the Germains to flie in battell, whose courage and valiantnes all the world doth extoll? It were much better for to die, then to geue place to any enemies, before they were seene: for they can by no meanes liue in safetie wythin the walles, which geue place vnto their enemy in the field, for it is the weapon that defendeth a man and not the walles, and except they would euen presently defend their libertie with the sworde, they should shortly be in greater bōdage, more miserable then any death. But this exhortation was all in vaine, for feare had put away all boldnes: for the ensignes were snatched vp, and as though there had bene no captaine in the hoste, euery man ran headlong away. No man regarded any commandement, neither once tooke his leaue of his captaine, but casting away their armour with speedy flight they ranne away, as though their enemy had bene at their backes.MarginaliaThe Cardinals army ranne away for feare. The Cardinall also, although it were against his will, was forced to doe the like.

Thus the protestants by þ^e feare of their enemies made the more bolde and couragious, pursued them thorow the woodes, and had a great pray & spoile of them. Notwithstanding, Albertus, when he heard tell that the Cardinall was entered into Boheme, with all speede came agayne out of Austrich with his army, & besieged the strong town of Prezorabia: but when he vnderstoode howe the Cardinall was fled, he left of his purpose, and returned through Morauia, which was not yet subiecte vnto him, MarginaliaGreat slaughter in Boheme by Duke Albert.and destroyed aboue 50. townes wyth fire and sword, toke many of their cities by force, and spoiled them, committing great murther and slaughter, and so afflicted them, that they toke vpon them his yoke, and promised to be subiecte and obedient to him vnder this condition, that as touching religion he would be bounde to doe that whych the Councel of Basil should determine.

MarginaliaThe councel of Basill.Then was there an ambassade sent out of Boheme vnto Basil, where as Sigismund held the Councel, who during the time of warres, had kept himself at Noremberge. When as hee shoulde take his iourney vnto Rome to bee crowned Emperour, MarginaliaA letter of the Emperour to the Bohemians.hee wrote letters vnto the nobles of Boheme, wherin was contained, how that he was a Bohemian borne, and how he was not more affectioned to any nation, then to his own, and that he went to Rome for none other cause, but to be crowned, the which his honor shoulde also be a renowne to the Bohemians, whome to aduaunce it hath bene alwaies his speciall care.

Also, how that through his endeuor the Councel was begon at Basill, exhorting all suche as were desirous to be heard as touching religion, that they shuld come thether, and that they woulde not maintaine any quarell contrary to the holy mother church, that the Councel wold louingly and gentlely heare their reasons: that they should onely endeuour themselues to agree wyth the Synode as touching religion, and reserue and kepe a quiet and peaceable kingdome for hym, against his returne: Neyther shoulde the Bohemians thinke to refuse his regiment, whose brother, father, and vncle, had raigned ouer them, and that hee