Born Anne Sidney; married Sir William Fitzwilliam [DNB; Bindoff, Commons]

Laurence Saunders sent commendations to Lady Fitzwilliam and her husband via Lucy Harrington.1570, p. 1673; 1576, p. 1428; 1583, p. 1501.

In a letter to John Careless, John Philpot sent special greetings to 'Master Marshal' and his wife and expressed his appreciation for the kindness shown to him. 1570, p. 2004; 1576, p. 1726; 1583, pp. 1833

(1458? - 1560?)

Gentlewoman. Of Wymondham, Norfolk. Daughter of Sir John Shelton of Garrow, Norfolk [Hasler].

Lady Anne Knevet was said by her neighbours to be around 100 years old. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2276, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

Master Tollin [Tolwyn] held protestant services for Lady Anne Knevet. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2276, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

The bishop of Norwich threatened Knevet for her beliefs. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2276, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

She gave succour to many of the persecuted. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2277, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

She died peacefully in her sleep in the second year of Elizabeth's reign. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2277, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

Foxe compared Lady Anne Knevet to Lady Elizabeth Fane. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2277, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

[Married Sir Edmund Knyvet (by 1508 - 1551) (MP, JP, Sheriff of Norfolk and Suffolk). Daughter of Sir John Shelton of Garrow, Norfolk. (Bindoff).]

Wife of Sir John Walsh; daughter of Sir Robert Poyntz [D. Daniell, William Tyndale; ODNB sub William Tyndale]

of Gloucestershire; Tyndale was schoolmaster to her children; Tyndale termed her wise

Lady Anne and her husband joined in discussing religion with a variety of senior clergy and with William Tyndale, schoolmaster to their children. After Tyndale gave his master and mistress a copy of a book of Erasmus he had translated, they invited the clergy less frequently. 1563, p. 518; 1570, p. 1225; 1576, p. 1048; 1583, p. 1075.

Lady Anne Wharton curtsied to a statue of the Virgin Mary and Jane Grey rebuked her for it. Her comments were said to have lost her Queen Mary's favour. 1583, p. 2128.

[Wife of Thomas Wharton (1520 - 1572), privy councillor (1553 - 1558) (Bindoff)]

(d. 1568)

Widow of Sir Ralph Fane. Great supporter of protestants. (DNB sub Sir Ralph Bane)

John Bradford wrote a letter to Lady Fane ('The true sense and sweete feeling') 1570, p. 1824, 1576, pp. 1559-60, 1583, p. 1842.

John Bradford wrote another letter to Lady Fane. ('As to myne owne soule') 1570, p. 1824, 1576, p. 1560, 1583, p. 1642.

John Bradford wrote another letter to Lady Vane ('The good spirite'). 1570, pp. 1829-31, 1576, pp. 1565-66, 1583, p. 1647.

Lady Fane wrote a letter to Bonner. 1563, p. 1445, 1570, p. 1999, 1576, p. 1724, 1583, pp. 1828-29.

She received several letters from John Philpot. 1570, pp. 2009-12, 1576, pp. 1730-33, 1583, pp. 1835-38.

[An anonymous letter (almost certainly sent by her) to bishop Bonner is in BL, Harley 416, fos.76r-v. It is a companion to the anonymous letter printed in 1583, pp. 1842-43.]

Foxe compared Lady Anne Knevet to Lady Elizabeth Fane. 1563, p. 1698, 1570, p. 2277, 1576, p. 1965, 1583, p. 2072.

[Foxe refers to her as Elizabeth Vane.]

Wife of Arthur Lord Lisle (d. 1542), Henry VIII's governor of Calais (DNB)

Lady Honor Lisle lost her sanity around the time of the death of Mary. 1563, p. 1707, 1570, p. 2301, 1576, p. 1992, 1583, p. 2101.

[There is a good account of Lady Lisle in J. A. Rowley-Williams, 'Image and Reality: The Lives of Aristocratic Women in Early Tudor England (unpublished PhD thesis, University of Wales, 1998).]

(1537 - 1554)

Eldest surviving daughter of Henry Grey, marquis of Dorset and later duke of Suffolk. [DNB]

Foxe states that at his death, Edward VI bequeathed the throne to Lady Jane. 1563, p. 1471, 1570, p. 2045, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1870.

Jane Grey was named by Edward VI as his heir and proclaimed queen (1563, p. 901; 1570, p. 1567; 1576, p. 1336; 1583, p. 1406).

She was compared favorably to Edward VI in learning; she was also compared to Aspasia, Sempronia and the mother of the Gracchi (1563, p. 901; 1570, p. 1576; 1576, p. 1336; and 1583, p. 1406).

Cranmer refused to swear allegience to Lady Jane. 1563, p. 1471, 1570, pp. 2045-46, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1870.

The dukes of Northumberland and Suffolk were executed for their support of Lady Jane. 1563, p. 1474 [recte 1472], 1570, p. 2046, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1871.

She was imprisoned in the Tower for nearly five months after Mary became queen (1563, p. 902; 1570, p. 1569; 1576, p. 1338; 1583, p. 1407).

Jane Grey's writings and letters (1563, pp. 917-22; 1570, pp. 1580-84; 1576, pp. 1348-52; 1583, pp. 1420-22).

Jane was executed 12 February 1554 (1563, p 823; 1570, p. 1584; 1576, p. 1352; 1583, p. 1422).

Lady Jane and her husband were beheaded. 1563, p. 1474 [recte 1472], 1570, p. 2046, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1871.

Jane Grey's words at her execution and a description of her execution are in 1563, p. 919; 1570, p. 1584; 1576, p. 1352; and 1583, p. 1422.

Latin verses written by Jane Grey are in 1563, p. 922; 1570, p. 1584; 1576, p. 1352; and 1583, pp. 1422-23).

Latin verses commemorating Jane Grey (by John Parkhust, John Foxe and Laurence Humphrey) are in 1563, pp. 923; 1570, pp. 1584-85; 1576, p. 1352; and 1583, p. 1423.

Foxe refers to Lady Jane Grey's marriage to Sir Guildford Dudley. 1583, p. 2128.

Lady Anne Wharton curtsied to a statue of the Virgin Mary and Jane Grey rebuked her for it. 1563, p. 1730, 1576, p. 1990, 1583, p. 2128.

[Also referred to as 'Jane Dudley']

(1537 - 1554) (DNB)

Eldest surviving daughter of Henry Grey, marquis of Dorset and later duke of Suffolk. [DNB]

Foxe states that at his death, Edward VI bequeathed the throne to Lady Jane. 1563, p. 1471, 1570, p. 2045, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1870.

Jane Grey was named by Edward VI as his heir and proclaimed queen (1563, p. 901; 1570, p. 1567; 1576, p. 1336; 1583, p. 1406).

She was compared favorably to Edward VI in learning; she was also compared to Aspasia, Sempronia and the mother of the Gracchi (1563, p. 901; 1570, p. 1576; 1576, p. 1336; and 1583, p. 1406).

Cranmer refused to swear allegience to Lady Jane. 1563, p. 1471, 1570, pp. 2045-46, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1870.

The dukes of Northumberland and Suffolk were executed for their support of Lady Jane. 1563, p. 1474 [recte 1472], 1570, p. 2046, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1871.

She was imprisoned in the Tower for nearly five months after Mary became queen (1563, p. 902; 1570, p. 1569; 1576, p. 1338; 1583, p. 1407).

Jane Grey's writings and letters (1563, pp. 917-22; 1570, pp. 1580-84; 1576, pp. 1348-52; 1583, pp. 1420-22).

Jane was executed 12 February 1554 (1563, p 823; 1570, p. 1584; 1576, p. 1352; 1583, p. 1422).

Lady Jane and her husband were beheaded. 1563, p. 1474 [recte 1472], 1570, p. 2046, 1576, p. 1764, 1583, p. 1871.

Jane Grey's words at her execution and a description of her execution are in 1563, p. 919; 1570, p. 1584; 1576, p. 1352; and 1583, p. 1422.

Latin verses written by Jane Grey are in 1563, p. 922; 1570, p. 1584; 1576, p. 1352; and 1583, pp. 1422-23).

Latin verses commemorating Jane Grey (by John Parkhust, John Foxe and Laurence Humphrey) are in 1563, pp. 923; 1570, pp. 1584-85; 1576, p. 1352; and 1583, p. 1423.

Foxe refers to Lady Jane Grey's marriage to Sir Guildford Dudley. 1583, p. 2128.

Lady Anne Wharton curtsied to a statue of the Virgin Mary and Jane Grey rebuked her for it. 1563, p. 1730, 1576, p. 1990, 1583, p. 2128.

[Also referred to as 'Jane Dudley']

(1515 - 1578) [ODNB]

Daughter of Archibald Douglas, earl of Angus; countess of Lennox (1544 - 71)

The earl and countess of Lennox, who were in exile and living in Yorkshire at the time, denounced John Hume to Cranmer for speaking against the mass. 1570, p. 1486; 1576, p. 1260; 1583, p. 1297.

(1516 - 1558) [ODNB]

Mary Tudor, later Mary I, queen of England and Ireland (1553 - 58)

Charles V had promised to marry Princess Mary, daughter of Henry VIII, but bowed to objections in Spain that the marriage of her parents had been irregular. He married Isabella of Portugal instead. 1570, p. 1192; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.

A marriage was proposed between the duke of Orleans and Princess Mary. The French raised questions of the validity of the marriage of her parents, and the proposed marriage did not take place. 1570, p. 1192; 1576, p. 1021; 1583, p. 1049.

Thomas Wolsey set up a household for Princess Mary. 1563, p. 435; 1570, p. 1121; 1576, p. 960; 1583, p. 987.

William Paulet sent a letter to Princess Mary via Lord Hussey, her chamberlain, informing her she was to move her household and omitting her title. Mary wrote to her father and to the lords he sent to her, complaining of the denial of her title and legitimacy. 1570, p. 1565; 1576, p. 1335; 1583, p. 1395.

When Nicholas Ridley visited Princess Mary at Hunsdon, she recalled the sermon he preached at the marriage of Elizabeth and Anthony Browne in the presence of King Henry. Ridley offered to preach before her, but she refused. 1570, pp. 1565-66; 1576, pp. 1335-36; 1583, p. 1396.

For a long period, Henry VIII denied his daughter Mary the title of princess. Thomas Cranmer urged a reconciliation. 1570, p. 1565; 1576, p. 1335; 1583, p. 1396.

Charles V requested of Edward VI that his cousin Mary Tudor be allowed to have the mass said in her house. The request was denied, in spite of the strong urgings of Thomas Cranmer and Nicholas Ridley. 1563, p. 884; 1570, p. 1484; 1576, p. 1258; 1583, p. 1295.

Mary exchanged letters with the Lord Protector and privy council, relating to her inability to adhere to the king's new laws concerning religion. The king also sent a letter to his sister, urging her to comply with the laws, to which she replied. 1576, pp. 1289-97; 1583, pp. 1332-39.

The king sent his own councillors to Mary after her servants, Rochester, Englefield and Waldegrave, had failed to prevent masses being said in her household. 1576, pp. 1296-97; 1583, pp. 1338-39.

In his will, Edward VI excluded his sister Mary from the succession because of her religious views. 1570, p. 1565; 1576, p. 1335; 1583, pp. 1395.

Friar of St Andrews

Walter Laing was sent to hear the confession of Henry Forrest in prison and then reported the contents to the archbishop. 1570, p. 982; 1576, p. 955; 1583, p. 1116.

(fl. c. 1200) German historian

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 1331; 1576, p. 1135; 1583, p. 1164.

(CSP Dom. Mary I, p. 31)

Imperial ambassador

Arrived in England with a party of Imperial ambassadors on 2 January 1554 (1570, p. 1636; 1576, p. 1396; 1583, p. 1467).

In a letter Bartlett Green requests relief for the following: Lancelot, Henry Aprice, Hobbes, Lother, Homes, Carre, Bockingham. 1563, p. 1466, 1570, p. 2028, 1576, p. 1747, 1583, p. 1856.

Hosier of Coventry. Martyred for teaching his children 4 April 1519

[Joan Smyth lent books to Roger Landesdale. Richard Landesdale had been her first husband and taught her (Thomson)]

Landesdale, with others accused of teaching their children, was brought back to Coventry on Palm Sunday and condemned for relapse. 1563, pp. 420-21; 1570, p. 1107; 1576, p. 946; 1583, p. 973.

(c. 1010 - 1089) [ODNB]

b. Pavia; trained in law; master at the cathedral school at Avranches (1039 - 42).

Monk at Bec 1042; in 1045 he opened a school there; prior of Bec; first abbot of Caen 1063

Archbishop of Canterbury (1070 - 89)

Lanfranc was the first to bring the doctrine of transubstantiation into England. He was one of the chief opponents of Berengar of Tours. He and Guitmund stood against Berengar at a council held at Tours. 1570, p. 1311; 1576, p. 1121 1583, p. 1147.

Lanfranc wrote against Berengar of Tours. 1563, p. 15.

At a council held at Winchester under Lanfranc, prebendaries were prohibited from marrying, but lower clergy were permitted to retain their wives if already married. New clergy were to take an oath of celibacy. 1570, p. 1331; 1576, p. 1135 1583, p. 1164.

Lanfranc disputed supremacy with Thomas, archbishop of York, and appealed to the pope and the king. 1563, pp. 18-19, 1570, p. 24; 1576, p. 19 1583, p. 19.

Chaplain to Anne of Cleves. A Scot. Possibly friar of Montrose. [Fines]

Laremouth was imprisoned for his beliefs under Mary. Whilst at prayer he heard a voice telling him to leave, at which point the wall of the prison collapsed and allowed him to escape. 1570, [unnumbered sheet at the front of volume 1], 1576, p. 2008, 1583, p. 2150.

[Alias Williamson]

Curate of St Laurence and St Stephen's under Edward VI. Deprived under Mary.

Latimer was said by Philip Williams, John Steward and Matthew Butler to have access to his wife. 1576, p. 1981, 1583, p. 2090.

[Not related to Hugh Latimer, the martyr.]

(d. 1539) [Fines]

King's guard; present at the trial of John a painter and Giles Germane; martyr

Giles Germaine was tried for heresy along with John, a painter, and both were condemned. Launcelot, a member of the king's guard, attended their examination and seemed to favour them. All three were burnt together at St Giles in the Field. 1563, p. 574; 1570, pp. 1456-57; 1576, p. 1242; 1583, p. 1279.

(d. 619) [ODNB]

One of the Roman monks accompanying Augustine on his mission to the English; archbishop of Canterbury (604x610 - 619)

Laurence was sent by Augustine to Rome to report on the progress of the mission and to deliver a set of questions for Pope Gregory. 1570, p. 156; 1576, p. 117; 1583, p. 116.

He was named by Augustine as his successor at Canterbury. 1570, p. 160; 1576, p. 120; 1583, p. 118.

MA Oxford; canon of Lincoln from 1526; called to Lambeth c. 1539 to defend his view of communion; eventually forced to recant [Fines]

Laurence Barber impressed Archbishop Cranmer and others at Lambeth, but was made to recant when he returned to Oxford. 1570, p. 1382; 1576, p. 1179; 1583, p. 1207.

Protestant. Of Bolton.

Related to James Bradshaw (probably his brother). [Haigh, Reformation and Resistance in Tudor Lancashire, pp. 171, 173.]

Lawrence Bradshaw was a recipient of a letter by John Bradford, who sent greetings primarily to his mother but also to his father and other friends, who included Laurence Bradshaw, James Bradshaw, John Treves, Thomas Sorrocold, and their wives and families. 1570, pp. 1805-06,1576, pp. 1541-42, 1583, p. 1624.

Laurence Cheterden was a witness against the Kent martyrs in 1511. 1570, p. 1455; 1576, p. 1240; 1583, p. 1277.

Carmelite prior of Doncaster 1536; [VCH: York], vol. 3 (1974), pp. 267-70] sentenced to death, pardoned 2 October 1540; unclear whether pardon issued in time to save him from execution

Laurence Cooke was one of those listed by Nicholas Harpsfield as Catholic martyrs. 1570, p. 1385; 1576, p. 1181; 1583, p. 1210.

(d. 1557)

[Maxtide on p. 1542 in 1563.]

[Maptide on p. 2146 in 1570.]

President of Gonville Hall (1546), Master of Corpus Christi [on the expulsion of Parker] (1553 -1557). (Venn)

On 14 January 1557, after the examination of the provost and vice-provost of Cambridge, Bacon invited Perne, Dr Young, Dr Harvey, Swinborne, and Maptide to come to dinner. 1563, p. 1542, 1570, p. 2146, 1576, p. 1867, 1583, p. 1960.

Maptide was present for the judgement against Bucer and Phagius on 17 January 1557. 1563, p. 1538, 1570, p. 2147, 1576, p. 1867, 1583, p. 1956.

When the commission found no witnesses to support Bucer and Phagius, they called aside Drs Young, Sedgwick, Bullock, Taylor, Maptide, Hunter, Parker, Redman, as well as Brown, Gogman, Rud, Johnson, Mitch, Raven and Carre. They were all commanded to give witness against Bucer and Phagius. 1563, p. 1538, 1570, p. 2147, 1576, p. 1867, 1583, p. 1956.

Maptide was one of those who put the common seal of the University of Cambridge to the condemnation of Bucer and Phagius. 1563, pp. 1537 [recte 1549]-1558 [recte 1570]

(d. 1555) [DNB]

Martyr.

Saunders' life and career are described. 1563; pp. 1037-38; 1570, pp. 1664-65; 1576, p. 1420; 1583, pp. 1493-94.

Laurence Saunders preached in Northampton, soon after Mary's accession, denouncing 'Antichrist's errors'. He was arrested and released. He came to London, despite warnings to the contrary. 1563, pp. 1038-39; 1570, p. 1665; 1576, pp. 1420-21; 1583, p. 1494.

On 15 October 1553, Saunders preached at Allhallows, Bread Street, denouncing the mass as an abomination. On the same day he was summoned by Bonner, interrogated, and committed to the Marshalsea. 1570, p. 1636; 1576, p. 1396; 1583, p. 1466; also 1563, p. 1039; 1570, p.1665; 1576, p. 1421; 1583, pp. 1494-95.

He was interrogated by Gardiner and imprisoned. 1563, pp. 1041-42; 1570, pp. 1665-66; 1576, p. 1421; 1583; p. 1495.

It was rumoured in May 1554 that he, along with Bradford and John Rogers, would participate in a disputation to be held at Cambridge (1570, p. 1639; 1576, p. 1399; 1583, p. 1469).

Saunders was one of the signatories to a letter of 8 May 1554 protesting against the proposed disputation. The letter is printed in 1563, pp. 1001-3; 1570, pp. 1639-41; 1576, pp. 1399-1400; 1583, pp. 1469-71).

Saunders was one of the authors of a petition to Philip and Mary asking them for a chance to defend, in public debate, the Edwardian religious reforms (1570, p. 1656; 1576, p. 1413; 1583, p. 1483).

His letters and examinations: 1563, pp. 1040-47; 1570, pp. 1666-70; 1576, pp. 1421-25; 1583, pp. 1495-98.

Saunders was excommunicated at 6am on 23 January 1555. 1563, p. 1191, 1570, p. 1787, 1576, p. 1526, 1583, p. 1609.

Saunders was examined and condemned by Stephen Gardiner on 30 January 1555. 1570, p. 1655; 1576, p. 1412; 1583, p. 1483; also see 1570, p. 1699; 1576, p. 1450; 1583, pp. 1523-24.

He was degraded, conveyed to Coventry and executed there. 1563, pp. 1047-48; 1570, pp. 1665-66; 1576, p. 1421; 1583, p. 1495.

Saunders is contrasted with Henry Pendleton. 1563, p. 1049; 1570, p. 1671; 1576, p. 1426; 1583, pp. 1499-1500.

Additional letters: 1570, pp. 1671-74; 1576, pp. 1426-29; 1583, pp. 1500-2.

Lawrence Saunders was imprisoned in the Marshalsea at the same time as Bradford was imprisoned [in the King's Bench] and often met with Bradford at the back of the prison. 1563, p. 1174, 1570, p. 1780, 1576, p. 1521, 1583, p. 1604.

His martyrdom was referred to in Bradford's letter to the university town of Cambridge. 1563, pp. 1178-80, 1570, pp. 1808-09., 1576, p. 1545, 1583, p. 1627.

He received a letter from Bradford. 1563, p. 1194, 1570, p. 1815, 1576, pp. 1550-51, 1583, p. 1633.

He received another letter from Bradford. 1576, p. 1551, 1583, p. 1634.

Saunders was described as a faithful witness of Christ by Robert Glover in a letter to his wife. 1563, pp. 1273-80, 1570, pp. 1886-89, 1576, pp. 1615-19, 1583, pp. 1710-12.

Grindal wrote to Ridley from his exile in Frankfort, to which letter Ridley replied. Ridley mentioned that he knew that Ferrar, Hooper, Rogers, Taylor of Hadleigh, Saunders and Tomkins had all been martyred, as had Cardmaker the day before he wrote the letter. 1570, pp. 1901-02, 1576, pp. 1628-30, 1583, pp. 1729-30.

Letter to evangelicals in Lichfield [BL, Harley 416, fos.13v-16r. Printed in LM, pp. 182-88.]

(d. 1567)

Founder of Rugby School. Second warden of Grocers' Company (1566) (DNB).

Laurence Sheriff talked with Robert Farrer in the Rose tavern. Farrer suggested to Sheriff that Elizabeth had been involved in Wyatt's rebellion. Sheriff complained to Bonner about Farrer before Mordaunt, Sir John Baker, Darbyshire, Story, Harpsfield, and others. 1570, p. 2296, 1576, p. 1988, 1583, p. 1980.

Sheriff said that he had seen Pole kneel and kiss the hand of Elizabeth. 1563, p. 1736.

Curate. Born in Chorley, Lancashire but residing in Ipswich.

Laurence Waterward fled Ipswich for fear of persecution. 1576, p. 1981, 1583, p. 2089.

John Twyford, who had a grudge against Thomas Merial, brought together a group of men, plied them with wine, and had them give evidence against him. Laurence Wilson was one of these. 1570, p. 1440; 1583, p. 1257.

(1522 - 1578) Carthusian monk; convert from Lutheranism to Catholicism; translator and author

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 1440; 1576, p. 1228; 1583, p. 1258.

(d. 258) [Catholic Encyclopedia]

Spanish. One of the seven deacons of Rome under Sixtus II; martyr

Lawrence had charge of the church goods and care of the poor. Foxe recounts the legend of Lawrence's meeting with Sixtus as Sixtus was going to his execution. Lawrence was burned on an iron grid. 1570, pp. 101-02; 1576, pp. 71-72; 1583, pp. 71-72.

Married man of unknown occupation. Of Great Bentley.

Ralph Allerton had been said by Tye to have instructed Lawrence Edwards not to baptise his child. 1570, p. 2212, 1576, p. 1909, 1583, p. 2016.

Brother of Thomas Hall.

Lawrence Hall was sent greetings by John Bradford in a letter he sent to his mother and others. 1570, p. 1839,1576, p. 1574, 1583, p. 1656.

(by 1519 - 1556/57)

Town clerk of Cambridge (by 1543 - 1556/57?). Coroner, clerk of assize, chorographer and prothonotary Isle of Ely (by 1546 - 1556/57) (Bindoff)

Lawrence called together the commissioners at Cambridge for the examinations of scholars. 1563, p. 1538, 1570, p. 2142, 1576, p. 1862, 1583, p. 1956.

[No known relation to the protestant Hawes of London or Thomas Hawes of London.]

Warden of bricklayers and tilers; of St Olave's, Silver Street, then St Mary Aldermanbury; troubled in 1528 and 1541 [Fines]

Lawrence Maxwell helped to convert many. He and John Stacy travelled around visiting the converted. Robert Barnes, Lawrence Maxwell and John Stacy visited Bury Abbey and during the course of their visit converted Richard Bayfield. After Bayfield was released from the abbey prison, he went to Cambridge with Barnes and, when Barnes was arrested, to London, where Maxwell and Stacy kept him secretly and helped him leave the country. 1563, p. 484; 1570, p. 1161; 1576, p. 993; 1583, p. 1021.

Lawrence Maxwell was charged in London in 1530 with holding heretical opinions. 1563, p. 419; 1570, p. 1185; 1576, p. 1014; 1583, p. 1041.

Maxwell was one of those charged in London in the inquisition following the setting up of the commission to enforce the Six Articles. He was charged in London in 1541 with speaking against auricular confession. 1570, p. 1379; 1576, p. 1176; 1583, p. 1205.

(d. 1576)

Dean of Lichfield. Of Lancashire. [DNB]

Lawrence Nowell was a witness to William Glover's godly death. 1570, p. 1892, 1576, p. 1620, 1583, p. 1714.

(1534? - 1556)

Smith. Martyr. Of Hoddesdon, within the parish of Amwell, Herts.

On 6 June 1556 Darbyshire, Bonner's chancellor, read articles against Lawrence Parnam (essentially the same as those against Thomas Whittle), to which he gave answers. 1563, pp. 1523-24, 1570, p. 2095, 1576, p. 1808, 1583, pp. 1914-16.

Parnam signed a letter, written with his fellow sufferers, that berated Feckenham for preaching against them on 14 June 1556. 1563, pp. 1526-27, 1570, p. 2097, 1576, pp. 1809-10, 1583, p. 1916.

He was imprisoned at Newgate and burned at Stratford-le-Bow 27 in June 1556. 1563, p. 1525, 1570, p. 2097, 1576, p. 1808, 1583, p. 1916.

[He is also referred to as 'Pernam'.]

Servant [Fines]

Lawrence Staple was charged in London in 1531 for saying that he wanted to drink and pray with Bainham at his burning; for receiving four copies of Tyndale's New Testament from Bilney; for encouraging Henry Tomson to read the New Testament; for eating eggs, butter and cheese during Lent. 1563, p. 419; 1570, p. 1187; 1576, p. 1015; 1583, p. 1043.

Leache was ordered not to stand near George Marsh at the latter's trial. 1563, p. 1121; 1570, p. 1737; 1576, p. 1477 [recte 1483], 1583, p. 1566.

Christian martyrs in Tanais, Egypt under Decius, according to Bede.

They are mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 92; 1576, p. 64; 1583, p. 64.

A resident of Shoreditch, Leek testified to Thomas Tomkins' godly life and character. 1570, p. 1710; 1576, p. 1459; 1583, p. 1535.

Roman presbyter; father of Pope John XV [Catholic Encyclopedia sub John XV]

John XV was the son of the priest Leo. 1570, p. 1319; 1576, p. 1129; 1583, p. 1154.

(c. 401 - 474) [H. Elton www.roman-emperors.org]

Roman emperor in the East (457 - 474); died of dysentery

He received a letter from Pope Leo I. 1570, p. 133; 1576, p. 97; 1583, p. 96.

(d. 461) [Kelly]

Pope (440 - 61)

Emperor Marcian called the Council of Chalcedon and commanded Pope Leo to attend. Leo would have preferred the council to be held at Rome, but sent his agents to appear on his behalf. 1563, p. 623; 1570, p. 1216; 1576, p. 1041; 1583, p. 1068.

Leo received a letter from his legates at the Council of Chalcedon, calling him head of the church. 1570, p. 22; 1576, p. 17; 1583, p. 17.

Leo wished Emperor Theodosius II to call a church council in Italy. 1563, p. 619, 1570, p. 1216, 1576, p. 1041, 1583, p. 1068.

He opposed the use of the title 'universal bishop' by the patriarch of Constantinople. 1563, p. 9.

Leo wrote a letter to Emperor Leo I. 1570, p. 133; 1576, p. 97; 1583, p. 96.

(d. 741)[B. Neil www.roman-emperors.org]

Eastern Roman emperor (717 - 41); iconoclast

Emperors Philippicus Bardanes and Leo III were in conflict with popes. Leo was excommunicated by Gregory III. 1570, p. 172; 1576, p. 130; 1583, p. 129.

(d. 816) [Kelly]

Pope (795 - 816); deposed in 799 by enemies in Rome; restored in 800 by Charlemagne

Charlemagne was crowned emperor of the Romans by Pope Leo III. 1570, p. 175, 1576, p. 132, 1583, p. 131.

Æthelheard wrote to Pope Leo III, who agreed to return the archiepiscopal see to Canterbury. 1570, p. 175, 1576, p. 132, 1583, p. 131.

(750 - 780) [L. Garland, www.roman-emperors.org]

Son of Constantine V Copronymus; crowned co-emperor in 751; married Irene in 769

Sole Byzantine emperor (775 - 80); iconoclast

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 176; 1576, p. 133; 1583, p. 132.

(d. 855) [Kelly]

Pope (847 - 55) He was accused to Emperor Lothar I of wishing to overthrow the domination of the Franks by a Greek alliance, but he convinced Lothar that this was not true. He crowned Louis II emperor in 850; strong defender of papal rights

Foxe includes him in a list of popes who sought confirmation of their elections by the emperor. 1570, p. 6, 1576, p. 5, 1583, p. 5.

He was exonerated by Louis II of the charge of treason. 1570, p. 10, 1576, p. 8, 1583, p. 8.

He gave his foot to be kissed by the people. 1563, p. 1.

(1002 - 1054) [Kelly]

Pope (1049 - 54) Son of Count Hugh of Egisheim, first cousin to Emperor Conrad. Bishop of Toul (1027 - 51)

Nominated by Emperor Henry III; reformer

Berengar of Tours first recanted at the council of Vercelli, summoned to appear by Pope Leo IX. 1563, p. 12; 1570, p. 1310; 1576, p. 1121; 1583, p. 1147.

Foxe says Leo was poisoned by Brazutus. 1563, p. 12.

(d. early 904) [Kelly]

Pope in 903 for 30 days. He was imprisoned by Christopher, then with him. Both were then murdered

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1563, p. 2.

(d. 965) [Kelly]

Lateran official; layman; replaced the deposed Pope John XII with the approval of Emperor Otto I.

Pope (963 - 65) There was a revolt in 964, and Leo was forced to flee to the imperial court; he was restored, and the newly-elected Pope Benedict V was deposed.

Otto I had the right to choose and ordain the bishop of Rome. [Leo VIII is mistakenly called Leo IX by Foxe] 1570, p. 5, 1576, p. 4, 1583, p. 5.

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1563, p. 2.

(1475 - 1521) [Kelly]

b. Florence, second son of Lorenzo the Magnificent; abbot of Font Douce, Passignano and Monte Cassino; cardinal 1489 (aged 13); studied theology and law at Pisa (1489 - 91)

Pope (1513 - 21)

Thomas Cromwell presented Leo X with English delicacies, and Leo immediately granted the pardons for Boston that Cromwell had requested. 1570, p. 1346; 1576, p. 1149; 1583, p. 1178.

Leo X sent legates to France, Germany and England in 1518 when he was preparing to fight the Turks. 1563, p. 418; 1570, p. 1120; 1576, p. 959; 1583, p. 986.

Leo X condemned writings and translations of Martin Luther. 1563, p. 462; 1570, p. 1135; 1576, p. 972; 1583, p. 999.

Leo issued a bull against Martin Luther, in which his teachings and his works were condemned. 1570, pp. 1459-65; 1576, pp. 1244-47; 1583, pp. 1280-84.

Luther produced an answer to the papal bull and sent an appeal to the pope. 1570, pp. 1465-76; 1576, pp. 1247-52; 1583, pp. 1284-89.

(d. 782) [ODNB]

Kinswoman of Boniface; nun at Wimborne

Joined Boniface in Germany; had authority over the nuns working with him

Abbess of Tauberbischofsheim; influential at the courts of Pippin the Short and Charlemagne; allowed to enter Fulda to pray at Boniface's tomb

Leoba and Thecla were the only nuns allowed to enter Fulda. 1570, p. 172; 1576, p. 130; 1583, p. 129.

(d. 1072) [ODNB]

Chaplain to Edward the Confessor (1041 - 46); bishop of Devon and Cornwall (1046 - 50); he reorganised the bishopric into Exeter; bishop of Exeter (1050 - 72)

Leofric owned a book of canons containing the letters of Ælfric, former archbishop of Canterbury. He gave the book to the church of Exeter. 1570, p. 1302; 1576, p. 1114; 1583, p. 1139.

Bishop of Dorchester (971 - 971x975); bishop of Lindsey (?x953 - 971x975); united the sees of Dorchester and Sidnacester [www.trin.cam.ac.uk/chartwww/Bishops/sees/lindsey]

Leofwine replaced the canons at the church of Dorchester with monks. 1570, p. 1350; 1576, p. 1152; 1583, p. 1181.

(b. 1555?)

Baby boy of a protestant sympathiser.

John Bradford wrote a letter 'to those by whom he had received much comfort'. He sent greetings to the main recipient's wife and baby son Leonard. 1570, p. 1835, 1576, p. 1570, 1583, p. 1652.

(c. 1495 - in or after 1549) [ODNB]

Schoolmaster; studied at Prague, Tuebingen and Cracow; lectured at Cracow; returned to England in 1529; master of a grammar school at Reading

When John Frith was in the stocks at Reading, he asked to see Leonard Cox, who helped to free him. 1563, p. 498; 1570, p. 1174; 1576, p. 1004; 1583, p. 1032.

(d. 1556) [DNB]

Leonard Pollard preached a sermon at St Michael?s, Cambridge, on 6 November 1553, affirming doctrines of purgatory (1563, p. 1000; 1570, p. 1636; 1576, p. 1396; 1583, p. 1416).

(d. 1556) [ODNB]

Clergyman; BA Cambridge 1542-3; MA 1547; BTh 1554; prebendary of Worcester, chaplain to Bishop Richard Pates 1554

In the disputation at Cambridge in 1549, Andrew Perne answered the third disputation, opposed by Thomas Parker, Leonard Pollard, Thomas Vavasour and John Young. 1570, pp. 1556-57; 1576, pp. 1326-28; 1583, pp. 1385-88.

Sheriff of Norwich. Brother of Thomas.

Cicely Ormes was delivered to the secular power of the sheriffs, Thomas Sutherton and Leonard Sutherton (brothers), who took her to the Guildhall, where she remained until her death. 1563, p. 1618, 1570, p. 2219, 1576, p. 1915, 1583, p. 2023.

Of Whiteacre.

Leonard West was examined and forced by Bayne and Draycot to do penance in the diocese of Coventry and Lichfield in September 1556. 1563, p. 1548, 1570, p. 2141, 1576, p. 1861, 1583, p. 1955.

(d. 202) [Catholic Encyclopedia]

Father of Origen; martyr under Septimius Severus

Leonides had educated his son in the scriptures. He was beheaded in the persecution of Christians under Severus. 1570, p. 79; 1576, p. 54; 1583, p. 54.

(d. 1032) [Gams] archbishop of Sens 999x1001 - 1032; consecrated 1001

Leothericus was tutored by Gerbert, later Pope Sylvester II. 1563, p. 11.

(d. early C4) Virgin martyred at Toledo

She is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 111; 1576, p. 80; 1583, p. 79.

Ploughman. Of Brightwell, Suffolk.

Thomas Jenens of Abingdon said that he heard Levar say that Hugh Latimer had teeth like a horse when he saw Latimer being burned. 1570, p. 2303, 1576, p. 1994, 1583, p. 2104.

Around the same time as Levar uttered his words against Latimer, it was said that Levar's son hanged himself at Shipton, near Abingdon. 1570, p. 2303, 1576, p. 1994, 1583, p. 2104.

A Welshman. Guard.

One day in July [year not filled in in text], a Welshman called Lewes (described as one of the guard) entered the shop where Wilmot was apprentice. Lewes was asked what the news at court was, to which he responded that Crome had appeared before the council and was to appear at Paul's Cross. 1563, p. 1682, 1570, p. 2060, 1576, p. 1951, 1583, p. 2058.

Wilmot told Lewes that he was sorry to hear the news of Dr Crome. 1563, p. 1682, 1570, p. 2060, 1576, p. 1951, 1583, p. 2058.

Lewes told Wilmot that there had been troubles since the Bible was translated into English, that Crome was a heretic and then falsely accused Cromwell of biblical translation. 1563, p. 1682, 1570, p. 2060, 1576, p. 1952, 1583, p. 2058.

Foxe recounts Wilmot's conversation with Lewes. 1563, p. 1683, 1570, p. 2060, 1576, p. 1952, 1583, p. 2058.

Wilmot told Lewes that Crome preached nothing but the truth. 1563, p. 1683, 1570, p. 2060, 1576, p. 1952, 1583, p. 2058.

A young servant of Daubney spoke to Lewes about what he had heard about the charges against Thomas Fairfax and Richard Wilmot. 1563, p. 1685, 1570, p. 2260, 1576, p. 1953, 1583, p. 2060.

of St Antlin's; presented in 1541 for not taking communion and being absent on holy days

Lewis Bromfield was one of those charged in London in the inquisition following the setting up of the commission to enforce the Six Articles. 1570, p. 1378; 1576, p. 1176; 1583, p. 1204.

A clerk

David was one of the witnesses against Robert Ferrar. 1563, p. 1093; 1583, p. 1550.

Gentleman

Allegedly Robert Ferrar turned a blind eye to irregularities in Boole's marriage in return for Boole's selling him a parcel of land cheaply. 1563, pp. 1087 and 1091; 1583, pp. 1545-46 and 1549.

Servant of St Benet's at Paul's Wharf; presented in 1541 for not being confessed

Lewis Morall was one of those charged in London in the inquisition following the setting up of the commission to enforce the Six Articles. 1570, p. 1378; 1576, p. 1176; 1583, p. 1204.

Pope (352 - 66) [Kelly]

Banished in 356 by Emperor Constantius for refusing to subscribe to the sentence of condemnation against Athanasius; returned in 358

In letters from Athanasius and his fellow bishops, Liberius was addressed as head of the church. 1570, p. 22; 1576, p. 18; 1583, p. 17.

(c. 265 - 324) [M. Di Maio www.roman-emperors.org]

of Dacia; Roman emperor (311 - 24), with Maximinus Daia

Married Constantine's sister; defeated Maximinus; fought Constantine; abdicated. He was arrested and executed by Constantine.

Licinius was made caesar after Severus II was killed fighting Maxentius. 1570, p. 114; 1576, p. 82; 1583, p. 81.

Initially Constantine and Licinius were on good terms, and Constantine gave Lucinius his sister in marriage. 1570, p. 122; 1576, p. 88; 1583, p. 87.

Licinius and Constantine issued a joint edict authorising freedom of worship for Christians. But Licinius began to turn against Constantine and the Christians, instigating a new, more surreptitious persecution. 1570, pp. 120-21, 122; 1576, pp. 86-87, 88; 1583, p. 86, 87.

Licinius continued persecution in the east after Constantine had caused it to cease in the west. 1570, p. 135; 1576, p. 98; 1583, p. 97.

Foxe says Licinius, having been defeated by Constantine and arrested, was killed by his own soldiers. 1570, pp. 39, 123; 1576, pp. 31, 88; 1583, pp. 31, 81, 88.

Legendary thegn of Eadwine of Northumbria; died saving Eadwine from an assassin's knife [ODNB sub Eadwine]

Lilla was run through with a poisoned sword when he interposed his body between the attacker and King Eadwine. 1570, p. 162; 1576, p. 122; 1583, p. 121.

(d. c. 78) [Kelly]

Pope (c. 68 - c. 78)

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1563, p. 7; 1570, p. 62; 1576, p. 38; 1583, p. 38.

Bishop sent by Frankish king Charibert with his daughter Bertha when she married Æthelberht of Kent [ODNB sub Bertha]

Æthelberht married his wife Bertha on condition, imposed by her parents, that she and her priest Liudhard be allowed to practice their Christian faith. 1570, p. 156; 1576, p. 117; 1583, p. 116.

fl. C4. Officer of Emperor Lucinius in the east

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 123; 1576, p. 88; 1583, p. 88.

Alderman of London.

Lodge was persecuted for his protestant beliefs during Mary's reign. 1563, p. 1737.

[Probably alderman Thomas Lodge (CSPD, Mary)]

'One maister London' joined Tresham in responding to Cranmer's question as to the extent to which Christ, presented in the sacrament, was absorbed and digested into the human body (1563, p. 989; 1570, p. 1630; 1576, p. 1391; 1583, p. 1461).

(1478x80? - 1539) [ODNB sub Katherine Howard]

Younger son of the 2nd duke of Norfolk; father of Queen Katherine; comptroller of Calais 1531

Edmund Howard's daughter married Henry VIII in 1540. 1570, p. 1385; 1576, p. 1181; 1583, p. 1210.

(1496? - 1564)

1st baron North of Kirtling (DNB ; Bindoff, Commons) Brother of Joan Wilkinson.

North was a supporter of Lady Jane Grey who gained Mary's favor.

He was one of the signatories of a letter from the privy council to Princess Mary, dated 9 July 1553, declaring that she was illegitimate and that Lady Jane Grey was Edward VI's true heir (1570, p. 1658; 1576, p. 1337; 1583, pp. 1406-7).

North was present at Gardiner's sermon, 30 September 1554 (1570, p. 1644; 1576, p. 1402; 1583, p. 1473).

He was ordered by the privy council to examine Cary, John Dee, John Field and Sir Thomas Benger. 1583, p. 1581

Isabel Malt claimed that Lord North and another nobleman offered her money in exchange for her infant son, hoping to pass the baby off as Mary?s son. 1570, p. 1772; 1576, p. 1513; 1583, p. 1597

Lord Edward North was one of the recipients of the proclamation from Philip and Mary authorising the persecution of protestants. 1563, p. 1561, 1570, p. 2155, 1576, p. 1862, 1583, p. 1974[incorrectly numbered 1970].

Ralph Allerton was examined on 24 April 1557 before Bonner, Lord North, Dr Story and others. 1563, p. 1621, 1570, p. 2210-11, 1576, p. 1907-08, 1583, p. 2015-16.

(1505 - 1550)

Earl of Southampton. (DNB)

Lord Wriothesley was brought up with Richard Bertie. 1570, p. 2283, 1576, p. 1971, 1583, p. 2078.

(d. 1575)

Second earl of Arran. Governor of Scotland and duke of Chatelherault. (DNB).

John Rough was originally a Black Friar in Stirling for sixteen years until the time when Lord Hamilton (earl of Arran) sued the archbishop of St Andrews. 1570, p. 2225, 1576, p. 1921, 1583, p. 2028 [incorrectly numbered as 2034].

(1496? - 1567)

1st Baron Rich (DNB)

Richard Rich was one of the signatories to a letter, dated 9 July 1553, from the Privy Council to Princess Mary, declaring that she was illegitimate and that Lady Jane Grey was Edward VI's true heir (1570, p. 1658; 1576, p. 1337; 1583, pp. 1406-7).

He was present at Thomas Watson's Paul's cross sermon, 20 August 1553 (1570, p. 1634; 1576, p. 1395; 1583, p. 1465).

He accompanied Queen Mary to Westminster Abbey, 1 October 1553 (1570, p. 1635; 1576, p. 1395; 1583, p. 1466).

Rich was one of the signatories to a letter, dated 27 November 1554, sent from the Privy Council to Bonner, informing the bishop that Mary was pregnant and ordering him to have prayers and Te Deums said throughout the diocese (1563, pp. 1014-15; 1570, p. 1647; 1576, p. 1405; 1583, pp. 1475-76).

[A problem. St John had been the barony held by William Paulet before he became earl of Winchester in 1550. It may have been used as a courtesy title by his son, John Paulet; otherwise there was no Lord St John in Mary's reign. It is possible that Sir John St John (who was a JP in Bedfordshire) is the person meant, or another John St John.]

Philpot's sixth examination was before the lord chamberlain to Queen Mary, Viscount Hereford, Lord Rich, Lord St John, Lord Windsor, Sir John Bridges, Chadsey and Bonner. 1563, pp. 1405-12, 1570, pp. 1972-78, 1576, pp. 1698-1702, 1583, pp. 1805-10.

(1506 - 1558)

MP for Essex (1539, 1545, 1547), JP for Essex (1538 - 1558). Keeper of Colchester Castle (1541 - 1553), gentleman of the privy chamber (by 1544). Steward, Bury St Edmunds (1547 - 1553). Privy councillor; Lord Chamberlain (1551 - 1553) (Bindoff)

Sir Thomas Darcy was one of the signatories of a letter from the privy council to Princess Mary, dated 9 July 1553, declaring that she was illegitimate and that Lady Jane Grey was Edward VI's true heir (1570, p. 1568; 1576, p. 1337; 1583, pp. 1406-7).

After examination by Lord Darcy of Chiche, Ralph Allerton was sent to Bonner, who forced him to recant at Paul's Cross. 1563, p. 1621, 1570, p. 2208, 1576, p. 1905, 1583, p. 2013.

Allerton wrote a letter to Lord Darcy of Chiche. 1570, p. 2212, 1576, p. 1909, 1583, p. 2016.

Allerton was apprehended, examined before Lord Darcy of Chiche, and condemned over a year before his death. 1570, p. 2212, 1576, p. 1909, 1583, p. 2016.

A supplication against William Mount, his wife and their daughter, Rose, was given to Lord Darcy of Chiche, who then delivered the supplication to John Kingston. 1563, p. 1604, 1570, p. 2198, 1576, p. 1897, 1583, p. 2005.

Lord Darcy of Chiche said to John Kingston and William Bendelows that the prisoners they held in Canterbury should remain where they were until sent for by Bonner. 1563, p. 1565, 1570, p. 2157, 1576, p. 1864, 1583, p. 1975 [incorrectly marked as 1971].

On 29 August 1557 an indenture was made between several lords and justices and John Kingston concerning the delivery of 22 prisoners from Colchester. Lord Darcy of Chiche was one of the persecutors named in the indenture. 1563, p. 1565, 1570, p. 2157, 1576, p. 1864, 1583, p. 1975 [incorrectly marked as 1971].

John Kingston wrote a letter to Bonner on 30 August 1557 naming Lord Darcy of Chiche as one of the commissioners who had used their commission to seize lands and goods of protestant fugitives. 1563, p. 1564, 1570, p. 2156, 1576, p. 1864, 1583, p. 1975 [incorrectly numbered 1971].

(d. 1554) [DNB sub Thomas, 2nd marquis of Dorset (his father>]

Younger brother to Henry Gray, the duke of Suffolk, and uncle to Lady Jane Grey

Thomas Grey was brought to London 21 February 1554 and put in the Tower (1570, p. 1637; 1576, p. 1397; 1583, p. 1467).

He was beheaded soon after 21 February in North Wales (1563, p. 923; 1570, p. 1585; 1576, p. 1352; 1583, p. 1423). [NB: This entry is contradicted by the next and is, in fact, in error.]

He was executed 27 April 1554 (1570, p. 1639; 1576, p. 1399; 1583, p. 1469).

[David Loades, Two Tudor Conspiracies (Cambridge 1965), p. 104, has 24 April as the date.]

(1500 - 1563)

Accompanied Mary to Westminister Abbey for her coronation on 1 October 1553 (1570, p. 1635; 1576,p. 1395; 1583, p. 1466).

Edward Stanley, the 3rd Earl of Derby, stated that he, Dacres and Lord Windsor had never consented to the religious laws of Edward VI (1570, p. 1734; 1576, p. 1481; 1583, p. 1564).

Foxe calls him Lord Dacars.

(1510? - 1573)

First Baron Howard of Effingham. (DNB)

William Howard accompanied Queen Mary to Westminster Abbey for her coronation on 1 October 1553 (1570, p. 1635; 1576, p. 1395; 1583, p. 1466).

He was sent to bring Princess Elizabeth to London on 11 February 1554 (1570, p. 1637; 1576, p. 1397; 1583, p. 1466).

Howard was kind and gentle to princess Elizabeth when he met with her at Hampton Court the day before Stephen Gardiner requested her to submit to Mary's authority. His kindness gave her much comfort. 1563, p. 1715, 1570, p. 2294, 1576, p. 1986, 1583, p. 2292.

William Howard was one of the examiners of John Rogers on 22 January 1555. 1563, pp. 1023-26; 1570, pp. 1657-59; 1576, pp. 1414-15; 1583, pp. 1484-86.

He was appointed to carry news of Mary's (anticipated) safe delivery of a child to Charles V. 1583, p. 1577.

A letter regarding Green's treason was sent to Bonner by the privy council on 11 November 1555 but not delivered until 17 November. It was signed by Winchester, Penbroke, Thomas Ely, William Haward, John Bourne, Thomas Wharton. 1563, p. 1460, 1570, p. 2023, 1576, p. 1744, 1583, p. 1852.

[Foxe calls him Lord 'Haward'.]

(1471/2 - 1539) [ODNB]

Born in Milan. DCnCL Bologna 1500; papal diplomat; bishop of Feltre (1512 - 20); cardinal legate 1517; sent to England 1518; bishop of Bologna (1523 - 25); bishop of Salisbury (1524 - 34); bishop of Huesca and Jaca (1530 - 34); bishop of Candia (1534 - 36)

Campeggi was one of three legates sent out to France, Germany and England when Leo X was planning to fight the Turks. Thomas Wolsey sent delegates to greet Campeggi in Calais, hoping to get himself appointed fellow legate. Campeggi complied, and within 30 days a papal bull had arrived in Calais with Wolsey's commission. 1563, p. 418; 1570, p. 1120; 1576, p. 959; 1583, p. 986.

Campeggi was greeted with processions at every town in Kent, and then at Blackheath by the duke of Norfolk with great ceremony. From there he made his procession into London with twenty mules. 1563, p. 418; 1570, pp. 1120-21; 1576, pp. 959-60; 1583, p. 986.

Campeggi was sent back to England from Rome in 1528, when the question of the king's divorce was revived, to hear and debate the matter. Henry was disappointed in the lack of progress made by Campeggi and Wolsey. 1570, pp. 1129, 1193; 1576, pp. 967, 1021; 1583, pp. 994, 1049.

When Queen Catherine learned from the legates that they had been deputed to determine the matter of a divorce between the king and her, she composed an answer to them. Campeggi wrote down her answer in French, which was then translated by Edward Hall. 1563, pp. 456-57; 1570, pp. 1193-94; 1576, p. 1022; 1583, p. 1050.

When the question of the king's divorce was calling into question the authority of the pope, Campeggi left for Rome. 1563, p. 458; 1570, p. 1195; 1576, p. 1023; 1583, p. 1051.

(1458 - 1531) [www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1513.htm.Pucci]

DCnCL; professor of law at University of Pisa; cardinal-priest of Ss IV Coronati 1513 - 31; conducted lucrative trade in indulgences, called to account by Adrian VI; restored to old position by Clement VII; imprisoned with him in 1527

Foxe says Pucci was killed before the siege of Castello Sant'Angelo. 1570, p. 1123; 1576, p. 961; 1583, p. 988.

Thanks to the influence of Pucci and other cardinals, Clement VII initially viewed the proposed divorce between Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon favourably. 1570, p. 1457; 1576, p. 1242; 1583, p. 1279.

(1405 - 1457) [Catholic Encyclopedia]

Italian humanist; distinguished Latinist; taught at Pavia

Secretary to Alfonso of Aragon at Naples in 1433; scriptor, and later of Apostolic secretary, under Pope Nicholas V.

Proved the Donation of Constantine to have been a forgery.

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 144, 1576, p. 106, 1583, p. 105.

(795 - 855) Eldest son of Louis the Pious

King of Italy (818 - 40); crowned emperor with his father in 817; crowned again in 823 in Rome.

Sole Holy Roman Emperor (840 - 55)

Lothar I negotiated a concordat with Pope Eugene II, setting out ordinances governing law and administration in Rome. 1570, p. 6, 1576, p. 5, 1583, p. 5.

He provided laws and ordinances for the clergy and laity 1570, p. 9, 1576, p. 8, 1583, p. 8.

In a letter Bartlett Green requested relief for the following: Henry Aprice, Lancelot, Hobbes, Lother, Homes, Carre, Bockingham. 1563, p. 1466. 1570, p. 2028, 1576, p. 1747, 1583, p. 1856.

(1520? - 1588)

Louis Du Faur was from a notable Toulouse family of humanist magistrates, the second son of Pierre II Du Faur, fourth président of the parlement of Toulouse and its garde des sceaux. He entered the church and held numerous benefices in the southern dioceses of Toulouse, Comminges, Auch and Narbonne before being nominated conseiller-clerc of the parlement of Paris on 24 June 1555.

Already by that date, if not shortly therefter, he was inclined towards protestantism, although it only became manifest on 10 June 1559, which was when Henri II went to the parlement of Paris and invited the magistrates to give him their views of how to bring about an ecclesiastical peace in France. Du Faur followed Anne Du Bourg and recommended the convoking of a national council of the church in which the views of the protestants would be solemnly examined and found (as he expected) not to be heretical. Henri II had him promptly arrested along with Anne Du Bourg and put in the Bastille. Foxe mentions his arrest in passing, following his source (La Place) in ascribing it to the Constable of France, Anne de Montmorency (1570, p. 2311, 1576, p. 2000, 1583, p. 2110). In fact he was arrested by the comte de Montgommery.

In his subsequent trial alongside Anne Du Bourg he defended himself with great skill, not denying his protestant leanings but justifying his loyalty to the French crown. He was protected by family friends and eventually condemned to make reparations before being eventually restored to his position in the parlement. He spent much of the remainder of his long career in the service of the king of Navarre, becoming his chancellor. (J. Baltaux, M. Barroux, M. Prevost, and etc, eds. Dictionnaire de Biographie Française. 18 vols in progress. (Paris: Librairie Letouzey et Ané, 1932 -), 11, cols 1375-76)

(825 - 875)

Son of Lothar I; king of Italy 839, crowned 844; joint Holy Roman Emperor 850.

Sole Holy Roman Emperor (855 - 75)

He exonerated Pope Leo IV of the charge of treason. 1570, p. 10, 1576, p. 8, 1583, p. 8.

(846 - 879) King of the western Franks (877 - 79)

Joannes Scotus was well thought of by Louis the Stammerer. 1570, p. 1300; 1576, p. 1113; 1583, p. 1138.

(1214 - 1270) [W. C. Jordan, NCMH, vol 5, pp. 284-96]

King of France (1226 - 70) (minority 1226 - 34). There were revolts during his mother Blanche's regency and the early years of Louis's independent reign. He was a respected arbitrator. He went on crusade in 1248, was captured in 1250 and ransomed; he returned in 1254 and went on crusade again in 1270. Died in Tunis; canonised in 1297

Foxe mentions the Pragmatic Sanction of Louis IX. This was a fifteenth-century forgery. 1570, pp. 5, 10; 1576, pp. 4, 8; 1583, pp. 4, 8.

(778 - 840)

Emperor and king of the Franks (814 - 840); only surviving son of Charlemagne

Louis the Pious confirmed to Paschal I and his successors the rights and possessions of the see of Rome, including election of the bishop by the clergy and people of Rome 1570, pp. 5-6, 1576, pp. 4-5, 1583, p. 5.

He provided laws and ordinances for the clergy and laity 1563, p. 3; 1570, p. 9; 1576, p. 8; 1583, p. 8.

Lawyer.

Loveles set out to prove that Sheterden was not unjustly imprisoned. 1563, p. 1233, 1570, p. 1854, 1576, p. 1587, 1583, p. 1674.

Procurator of Judea (c. 62 - 64 CE); governor of Mauretania Caesariensis

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 42; 1576, p. 34; 1583, p. 34.

(d. c. 300) [Catholic Encyclopedia]

Virgin martyr; legend of her life appears in Aldhelm and Bede

She is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 133; 1576, p. 96; 1583, p. 95.

(d. 312) [Catholic Encyclopedia]

Priest of the church of Antioch; breach with the orthodox party, reconciled; martyred under Maximinus Daia

Lucian presented an Apology to the emperor on behalf of the Christians, after which he was taken to Nicomedia, imprisoned and killed. 1570, p. 117; 1576, p. 84; 1583, p. 83.

(d. early C4) Martyred at Beauvais

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 111; 1576, p. 80; 1583, p. 79.

Legendary matron who had her house on the Via Lata consecrated by Pope Marcellus [Catholic Encyclopedia sub Marcellus I]

Lucina's house was used by Marcellus for meetings of Christians. Maxentius had it turned into a stable. 1570, p. 133; 1576, p. 96; 1583, p. 96.

(supp. fl. 185) [ODNB]

Supposed king of the Britains during the time of the Roman occupation; said to have been the first native Christian convert c. AD 180

At the request of Lucius, Pope Eleutherius sent two missionaries, Damian and Fugatius, who converted Lucius. 1570, pp. 78, 146; 1576, pp. 53, 108; 1583, pp. 53, 107.

Lucius received a letter from Pope Eleutherius in response to his request for Roman laws. 1570, pp. 8, 146; 1576, pp. 7, 108; 1583, pp. 7, 107.

Lucius was baptised, built churches, died peacefully and was buried in Gloucester. 1570, p. 147; 1576, p. 109; 1583, p. 108.

(c. 4 BCE - 65 CE) Roman philosopher, statesman, dramatist

Exiled to Corsica (41 - 49); tutor to Nero

Accused of involvement in the Pisonian conspiracy; ordered to commit suicide

He is mentioned by Foxe: 1570, p. 38; 1576, p. 31; 1583, p. 31.

(138 - 78 BCE); Roman general; assumed the name Felix; consul 88 BCE

Roman dictator 82 BCE; resigned 80 BCE

He appears in Prudentius's verse: 1570, p. 129; 1576, p. 93; 1583, p. 92.

(d. 254) [Kelly]

Pope (253 - 54)

Lucius was banished for a time from Rome. 1570, p. 95; 1576, pp. 67-68; 1583, p. 67.

(145/6 - 211) [ODNB; M. L. Meckler www.roman-emperors.org]

Roman emperor (193 - 211); reformer and efficient administrator

Led imperial expedition into Britain to quell rebellions in 208; died at York

For the first ten years of his reign, Severus was favourable to the Christians, but then began to persecute them. 1570, p. 79; 1576, p. 54; 1583, p. 54.

Foxe says Severus built a great wall between England and Scotland and that he was killed under siege. 1570, p. 83; 1576, p. 57; 1583, p. 57.

(108 BCE - 62 BCE)

Roman politician and military commander; attempted to overthrow the Republic in 62 BCE; killed in battle

Camillus and Cicero defeated the conspiracy of Catiline. 1563, p. 599.

(130 - 169) [P. B. Peacock www.roman-emperors.org]

Roman emperor (161 - 69), with Marcus Aurelius; both were adopted by Antoninus Pius; son-in-law of Marcus Aurelius

In a letter to Henry VIII, Philip Melancthon referred to Lucius Verus and Marcus Aurelius as emperors who received the apologies and defences of the Christians kindly. 1570, p. 1340; 1576, p. 1144; 1583, p. 1172.

Foxe calls him Marcus Aurelius Commodus here, but it was Lucius Verus and his brother and co-emperor, Marcus Aurelius, who fought together in the Germanic War referred to by Foxe. 1570, p. 75; 1576, p. 51; 1583, p. 51.

Wife of Robert Harrington. Leader, with her husband, of the 'sustainers' of protestants under Mary [Fines]

Laurence Saunders sent Lucy Harrington several letters from prison. 1570, pp. 1672-73; 1576, pp. 1427-28; 1583, pp. 1500-01.

Laurence Saunders asked her to take care of his wife after his execution. 1570, p. 1675; 1576, p. 1427; 1583, p. 1501.

Lucy Harrington received a letter from John Bradford. 1570, pp. 1836-37, 1576, pp. 1571-72, 1583, p. 1653.

Lucy Harrington was thanked in a letter to her husband from John Philpot. She and Robert had both sent tokens to Philpot, and he was sending her token to her husband. 1570, p. 2008; 1576, p. 1730; 1583, p. 1837.

She fled overseas with her husband and Joan Saunders to Frankfurt, where she died in 1556 [Garrett, Marian Exiles, sub 'Robert Harrington'].

Young girl of Horkesley, Essex; charged in 1532 [Fines]

Lucy Wily, with others, abjured in 1532. She was charged, along with Agnes Wily and the wives of John and William Wily, with eating meat broth on St Peter's Eve. 1570, p. 1191; 1576, p. 1019; 1583, p. 1048.

(d. 827) [ODNB sub Rulers of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms]

King of the Mercians (826? - 27); killed

Ludeca was killed by Ecgbehrt of Wessex, who subdued the rest of the Saxons. 1570, p. 151; 1576, p. 112; 1583, p. 111.

Italian merchant or banker.

Ludovico met with William Wolfe. 1583, p. 1786.

He was entrusted by Cardinal Contarene to acquire answers to the pope's letters to Stephen Gardiner. 1583, p. 1786.

Ludovico spoke with Sir Henry Knyvet. 1583, pp. 1786-87.

[Also referred to by Foxe as Ludovick.]