King Edward III of England (d. 1377)

Edward III (1312 - 1377), king of England; son of king Edward II of England and Isabella of France.

Chartered Towns of Flanders

King Edward III of England (d. 1377)

Edward III (1312 - 1377), king of England; son of king Edward II of England and Isabella of France.

Flanders

County of Flanders, a historical region in the Low Countries.

Philip VI of Valois, king of France (d. 1350)

Philip was born in 1293 as the eldest son of Charles I, count of Valois and Anjou, and Margaret of Anjou. He was engaged to Jeanne of Burgundy, daughter of Duke Robert II of Burgundy in 1303 and married her in July 1313. In that year he became count of Maine. After his father’s death in 1325, he also became count of Valois and Anjou. He married his second wife, Blanche of Évreux, princess of Navarre, in 1350.

France

The kingdom of France, populated up until the Black Death of 1348-9 by 12-16 millions souls and including up to the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) the Ile-de-France together with the apanages of Normandy, Anjou, Bourbon, Champagne, Valois, Auvergne and Languedoc, plus a number of important fiefs such as the counties of Blois, Nevers and Foix, and (from 1349) Montpellier and the Dauphiné; diminished from 1354 by the growing activity and influence in the Cotentin and other parts of Normandy of the king of Navarre, Charles of Evreux, and by English conquests resulting in an enlarged duchy of Guyenne (essentially Gascony; will become the principality of Aquitaine) stretching from the borders of the great and at times pro-English duchy of Brittany to the Pyrenees (save for the neutral county of Béarn) and eastwards to embrace the Poitou, Limousin and Rouergue (on the border with the Languedoc); Ponthieu and Guines are also in English hands. The French re-conquest under Charles V and Du Guesclin progressively drives the English from the realm, leaving them (by 1370-80) the ports of Calais, Cherbourg, Brest, Bordeaux and Bayonne, and a much-reduced Aquitaine. Brittany returns to French allegiance from 1365 onwards (Treaty of Guérande).

England

Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.

King Edward III of England (d. 1377)

Edward III (1312 - 1377), king of England; son of king Edward II of England and Isabella of France.

Philip VI of Valois, king of France (d. 1350)

Philip was born in 1293 as the eldest son of Charles I, count of Valois and Anjou, and Margaret of Anjou. He was engaged to Jeanne of Burgundy, daughter of Duke Robert II of Burgundy in 1303 and married her in July 1313. In that year he became count of Maine. After his father’s death in 1325, he also became count of Valois and Anjou. He married his second wife, Blanche of Évreux, princess of Navarre, in 1350.

Holy Roman Empire of Germany

William I (III) of Hainault, count of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland (d. 1337)

William I (III) (b. 1286, d. 1337), son of John II, count of Hainault, and Philippine de Luxemburg. He married Jeanne de Valois. Philippa of Hainault, the wife of king Edward III of England, was one of their daughters.

Franciscan monastery in Valenciennes

William of Auxonne, bishop of Cambrai (d. 1344)

Born circa 1294 as a member of an aristocratic Burgundian family, he studied at the University of Paris, where he would later found a college. He was active in the service of Louis of Nevers, count of Flanders, from 1323 onwards. He became his chancellor in 1327 and was the leading figure behind many of the count’s policies. He was made bishop of Cambrai in 1336 and bishop of Autun in 1342. He died in 1344.

Counties of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland

See Hainault, Holland, Zeeland.

William II (IV) of Hainault, count of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland (d. 1345)

Son and successor of count William I (III) of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland and Jeanne of Valois. He was married to Jeanne of Brabant, daughter of Duke John III of Brabant. He became count of Hainault, Holland and Zeeland in June 1337, after his father’s death. William died in September 1345 without offspring and was succeded in Hainault and Holland by his sister Margaret.

Jeanne of Brabant, duchess of Brabant and Luxemburg (d. 1406)

Jeanne de Brabant (1322 - 1406), duchess of Brabant and Luxemburg; daughter of John III of Brabant and Marie of Évreux. She married Wenceslas I of Luxemburg in 1355.

Binche

Jeanne of Valois, countess of Hainault and Holland (d. 1352)

Jeanne of Valois (1294 - 1352), countess of Hainault; daughter of Charles I, count of Valois, and Margaret of Anjou. She married William I (III), count of Hainault and Holland in 1305.

Fontenelle-sur-l'Escaut

Fontenelle Abbey

King Edward III of England (d. 1377)

Edward III (1312 - 1377), king of England; son of king Edward II of England and Isabella of France.

Holy Roman Empire of Germany

Philip VI of Valois, king of France (d. 1350)

Philip was born in 1293 as the eldest son of Charles I, count of Valois and Anjou, and Margaret of Anjou. He was engaged to Jeanne of Burgundy, daughter of Duke Robert II of Burgundy in 1303 and married her in July 1313. In that year he became count of Maine. After his father’s death in 1325, he also became count of Valois and Anjou. He married his second wife, Blanche of Évreux, princess of Navarre, in 1350.

Jacob van Artevelde

Jacob van Artevelde (c. 1290 - 1345), a famous popular leader of Ghent, military ally of king Edward III of England.

Flanders

County of Flanders, a historical region in the Low Countries.

Flanders

County of Flanders, a historical region in the Low Countries.

Margaret of Burgundy, countess of Artois and Burgundy (d. 1382)

Margaret of Artois (1310 - 1382), countess of Artois and Burgundy. Daughter of king Philip V of France and Jeanne de Chalon, countess of Burgundy. She married Louis I, count of Flanders.

Louis II de Male, count of Flanders (d. 1384)

Louis de Male (1330 - 1384), count of Flanders, Nevers and Rethel, son of Louis I of Nevers, count of Flanders and Margaret of Burgundy. He married Margaret of Brabant.

Île-de-France

Flemish

Cadzand

The island town of Cadzand (Zeeland), Netherlands.

Flanders

County of Flanders, a historical region in the Low Countries.

Manuscript reading: obsque

Emended reading: obseque

Manuscript reading: Bruch

Emended reading: Binch

Manuscript reading: Estauc

Emended reading: Escaut