Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.
John of Gaunt (1340-99): duke of Lancaster, son of Philippa of Hainault and Edward III, king of England, who was a pretender to the Castilian throne by right of his marriage to Constanza, eldest daughter of Pedro I, king of Castile, who died in 1369. John of Gaunt was an important person in English political and military life during the last quarter of the fourteenth century, exercising great influence in domestic and foreign policy in England during the reign of Richard II, despite periods of unpopularity and strife with his royal nephew.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Thomas of Woodstock, earl of Buckingham, duke of Gloucester (d. 1397)
Thomas of Woodstock (1355 - 1397), earl of Buckingham, later the duke of Gloucester; son of king Edward III and Philippa of Hainault. He was uncle to Richard II.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
John of Gaunt (1340-99): duke of Lancaster, son of Philippa of Hainault and Edward III, king of England, who was a pretender to the Castilian throne by right of his marriage to Constanza, eldest daughter of Pedro I, king of Castile, who died in 1369. John of Gaunt was an important person in English political and military life during the last quarter of the fourteenth century, exercising great influence in domestic and foreign policy in England during the reign of Richard II, despite periods of unpopularity and strife with his royal nephew.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.
Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.
John of Gaunt (1340-99): duke of Lancaster, son of Philippa of Hainault and Edward III, king of England, who was a pretender to the Castilian throne by right of his marriage to Constanza, eldest daughter of Pedro I, king of Castile, who died in 1369. John of Gaunt was an important person in English political and military life during the last quarter of the fourteenth century, exercising great influence in domestic and foreign policy in England during the reign of Richard II, despite periods of unpopularity and strife with his royal nephew.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Le connestable qui desiroit l’avancement de sa fille a
estre mariee si hault que a Jehan de Bretaigne ne fut pas negligent de besoin gner et exploittier, et quist un moyen en Angleterre pour adrecier
a ses besoingnes. Car sans le moyen avoir qu’il prist, il n’y feust jamaiz venu. Ce fut le
conte d’Asque sufforth, lequel estoit tout privé du roy d’Angleterre,
mais les besoingnes ne se firent pas sitrestost, car tant que le duc de Lancastre
fut en Angleterre avant que il se departesist pour aler en Gallice ne en Portingal, il ne se descouvry au roy du traittié
de Jehan de Bretaigne ne de chose que il voulsist faire en telle mateire, car quant le
conte de Bouquighem fut re tourné arriere en Angleterre, il troubla
tellement le duc de Bretaigne envers le roy et ses freres
que renommee couroit en Angleterre que le duc de Bretaigne
s’estoit faulcement acquittié envers leurs gens, pourquoy on luy vouloit tout le mal du
monde. Et fut Jehan de Bretaigne admené en la presence du roy et de ses oncles et du conseil, et luy fut dit: "Jehan, se vous vouléz relever la duchié de Bretaigne et tenir du roy
d’Angleterre, seréz delivréz hors de prison et remis en la possession et seig neurie
de Bretaigne et serés marié haulte ment en ce paÿs." Si
comme il eust esté, car le duc de Lancastre luy vouloit donner sa fille
Phelippe, celle qui fut puis royne de Portingal. Jehan de Bretaigne respondy que ja ne feroit ce traittié ne seroit an nemis ne contraire a la couronne de Fran ce. Il la prendroit bien a femme, la fille du duc de Lancastre, mais que on le voul sist delivrer d’Angleterre.
¶ Or fut il re mis en prison. Quant le conte d’Asquesu forch,
que nous appellerons duc d’Irlan de, vit que le duc de Lancastre estoit
yssuz hors d’Angleterre et alé ou voyaige de Cas
tille et que le traittié estoit passé, car il en avoit menee sa fille
avecques luy, sy s’avisa que il traitteroit envers le roy d’Angleterre dont il
estoit si bien comme il vouloit, que le roy d’Angleter re luy donroit en cause
de remunera cion Jehan de Bretaigne pour les beaulx services que il luy
avoit faiz et pouoit encores faire. Car ou cas que Jehan de Bretaigne
seroit sien, il traitteroit au connestable et lui delivreroit a deux payemens six vins mille frans, LXM a chascun
payement, et aroit les LXM de livréz a Londres
sitrestost que Jehan de Bretaigne seroit mis en la ville de Bouloingne sus mer, et les autres LX mille en France
en la cité de Paris ou en quelque lieu que lieu que il les vouldroit avoir. Le duc d’Irlande con voitta les flourins et fist tant devers le roy d’Angleterre que le roy
luy don na quittement at absolluement Jehan de Bretaigne, dont on fut
moult esmer veillé en Angleterre. Car qui en voulst parler, si en parlast.
On n’en ot autre chose. Le duc d’Irlande le fist mener a Bouloingne, et la trouva il son arroy tout prest que le connestable luy avoit fait
appareiller. Sy s’en vint en Fran ce premierement a Paris.
La trouva le roy et les seigneurs de son lignaige qui luy firent
tresbonne chiere, et le connestable aussi qui l’atendoit; sy l’en mena en Bretaigne, et Jehan de Bretai gne espousa sa fille ainsi que
couve nancié avoit.
¶ Quant le duc de Bretaigne sceut que Jehan de Bretai gne estoit retourné en France et de livre de tous poins d’Angleterre par l’ayde et pourchas du connestable de France,
si ot encores en double hay ne le connestable, et dist: "Voire me cuidepb 312 r
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