Holy Roman Empire of Germany

England

Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.

Robert de Vere, ninth earl of Oxford (d. 1392)

Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.

Nicholas Brembre

Sir Nicholas Brembre (? - 1388), merchant and mayor of London, knighted by Richard II after the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. He became associated with the king's inner circle of courtiers, and was arrested and imprisoned by the Lords Appellant in January 1381. In February of that same year, he was tried and convicted of treason and executed.

Robert Tresilian

Sir Robert Tresilian (? - executed in 1388), chief justice of the King's Bench. In the 1380s Tresilian became heavily involved in national politics and was associated with Richard II's close circle of favourites. He was tried and executed by the Merciless Parliament in 1388.

Michael de la Pole, first earl of Suffolk (d. 1389)

Michael de la Pole (c. 1330 - 1389), first earl of Suffolk, the eldest son of William de la Pole, merchant and financier of the crown, and his wife Katherine. In his youth, he campaigned with the Black Prince, and was also retained by John of Gaunt, the duke of Lancaster. In 1381, he was appointed together with the earl of Arundel, 'to advise and govern the person of the king', and from that date began his rapid rise in the court of Richard II; see Anthony Tuck, 'Pole, Michael de la, first earl of Suffolk (c.1330-1389),' in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison (Oxford: OUP, 2004). He was appointed as chancellor in 1383, and created as the first earl of Suffolk in 1385. He was impeached by the Wonderful Parliament in 1386, and accused of treason by the Lords Appellant in 1387, but avoided the fate of some of his fellow courtiers who were executed after the Merciless Parliament in 1388 by fleeing to France.

Thomas of Woodstock, earl of Buckingham, duke of Gloucester (d. 1397)

Thomas of Woodstock (1355 - 1397), earl of Buckingham, later the duke of Gloucester; son of king Edward III and Philippa of Hainault. He was uncle to Richard II.

England

Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.

York

Simon Burley

Sir Simon Burley (? - executed in 1388), tutor, chamberlain and favourite of Richard II who also had great influence on the king; he was executed by the order of the Merciless Parliament in 1388.

London

London, England.

Henry Percy, first earl of Northumberland (d. 1408)

Henry Percy (1341 - 1408), first earl of Northumberland; elder son of Henry Percy, third Lord Percy of Alnwick, and his first wife Mary, daughter of Henry of Lancaster.

Cities of England

Richard (III) FitzAlan, fourth earl of Arundel (d. 1397)

Richard FitzAlan, fourth earl of Arundel (1346 - 1397), son of Richard FitzAlan, third earl of Arundel and Eleanor of Lancaster. In 1386, he was appointed Admiral of England and knighted to the Order of the Garter by Richard II. He was one of the lords Appellant, and was closely allied with the duke of Gloucester. Arundel was arrested for his opposition to Richard II, tried at Westminster and beheaded in 1397.

Henry Percy, first earl of Northumberland (d. 1408)

Henry Percy (1341 - 1408), first earl of Northumberland; elder son of Henry Percy, third Lord Percy of Alnwick, and his first wife Mary, daughter of Henry of Lancaster.

Thomas of Woodstock, earl of Buckingham, duke of Gloucester (d. 1397)

Thomas of Woodstock (1355 - 1397), earl of Buckingham, later the duke of Gloucester; son of king Edward III and Philippa of Hainault. He was uncle to Richard II.

England

Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.

King Richard II of England (d. 1400)

Richard was born on 6 January 1367 in Bordeaux. Froissart called him Richard of Bordeaux after his place of birth. He was the second son of Edward, the Black Prince, prince of Wales and Aquitaine, and Joan of Kent. After the death of his elder brother Edward in 1372, and of his father, in 1376, Richard was created prince of Wales, duke of Cornwall and earl of Chester on 20 November 1376. He succeeded to his grandfather, King Edward III the following year, and became king on 22 June 1377. He reigned as king of England until 1399, when he was forced to abdicate by his cousin Henry Bolingbroke. Richard married his first wife, Anne of Bohemia, on 14 January 1382. In 1396, two years after the death of his first wife, he married Isabella, daughter of the French king, Charles VI.

Robert de Vere, ninth earl of Oxford (d. 1392)

Robert de Vere, earl of Oxford (1362 - 1392), ninth earl of Oxford, marquess of Dublin, duke of Ireland; son of Thomas de Vere, earl of Oxford, and Maud Ufford. Robert de Vere had a great influence on the young Richard II. De Vere was accused of treason along with others in 1388.

Manuscript reading: Aronde

Emended reading: Arondel