France, principality created by Edward III for his eldest son Edward, prince of Wales and Aquitaine, from 1362; extended, until 1370 (reconquered by Charles V and his generals) from northern Poitou to the eastern borders of Rouergue, taking in Limousin, Périgord, Quercy and Rouergue to the south-east, Angoumois, Saintonge and Gascony at the centre and to the west, Agenais and Armagnac to the south.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Sir John Chandos (? - 1370), soldier and founding knight of the Order of the Garter; son of Sir Edward Chandos and Isabel Twyford. He was a close associate of Edward the Black Prince from as early as 1339. Chandos is a major figure in the pages of Froissart's Chronicles; his death is recounted with much pathos.
Sir John Chandos (? - 1370), soldier and founding knight of the Order of the Garter; son of Sir Edward Chandos and Isabel Twyford. He was a close associate of Edward the Black Prince from as early as 1339. Chandos is a major figure in the pages of Froissart's Chronicles; his death is recounted with much pathos.
Edward of Woodstock, prince of Wales, the Black Prince
Edward of Woodstock (1330 - 1376), prince of Wales from 1343 (aged 12), and from 1362 prince of Aquitaine; popularly known as the Black Prince. He was the eldest son of king Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was knighted by his father on the Crécy campaign, the day after the English army landed at Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue. He married Joan of Kent on 10 October 1361. They had two sons, Edward, and Richard. His first son died young, in 1372. The Black Prince himself died on 8 June 1376, in Westminster. When king Edward III died the following year, he was succeded by Richard. The Black Prince was an effective, successful and popular military leader in the campaigns against France during the first part of the Hundred Years' War.
Edward of Woodstock, prince of Wales, the Black Prince
Edward of Woodstock (1330 - 1376), prince of Wales from 1343 (aged 12), and from 1362 prince of Aquitaine; popularly known as the Black Prince. He was the eldest son of king Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was knighted by his father on the Crécy campaign, the day after the English army landed at Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue. He married Joan of Kent on 10 October 1361. They had two sons, Edward, and Richard. His first son died young, in 1372. The Black Prince himself died on 8 June 1376, in Westminster. When king Edward III died the following year, he was succeded by Richard. The Black Prince was an effective, successful and popular military leader in the campaigns against France during the first part of the Hundred Years' War.
Sir John Chandos (? - 1370), soldier and founding knight of the Order of the Garter; son of Sir Edward Chandos and Isabel Twyford. He was a close associate of Edward the Black Prince from as early as 1339. Chandos is a major figure in the pages of Froissart's Chronicles; his death is recounted with much pathos.
France, principality created by Edward III for his eldest son Edward, prince of Wales and Aquitaine, from 1362; extended, until 1370 (reconquered by Charles V and his generals) from northern Poitou to the eastern borders of Rouergue, taking in Limousin, Périgord, Quercy and Rouergue to the south-east, Angoumois, Saintonge and Gascony at the centre and to the west, Agenais and Armagnac to the south.
France, region in the west bounded by Anjou and Touraine to the north, Berry and Limousin to the east, Angoumois to the south, Aunis, La Rochelle and the Atlantic to the west, and Saintonge to the south-west; ceded to the English crown in 1360 under the Treaty of Brétigny; reconquered by Du Guesclin and granted as an apanage to the duke of Berry in 1372.
France, western; area centred on Saintes and bounded to the north by Aunis and Poitou, the east by Angoumois, the south by Guienne-Aquitaine, and to the west by the Atlantic. Roughly equivalent to today’s Charente-Maritime, plus part of Charente; a territory of the inheritance acquired by the English under Henry II through his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine; retaken by Du Guesclin 1371-2 and reintegrated into the French crown domains.
Sir Robert Knolles (? - 1407), an English captain who made a considerable reputation for himself at this time. The war made him a great fortune, several large sums from which he bequeathed to charitable and spiritual works. For his life and career; see Michael Jones, 'Knolles , Sir Robert', in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison (Oxford: OUP, 2004); online ed., ed. Lawrence Goldman, January 2008, http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15758
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Jeanne de Penthièvre (1319 - 1384), countess of Penthièvre, daughter of Guy de Dreux, count of Penthièvre. She was the duchess of Brittany together with her consort Charles de Blois between 1341 - 1364, and therefore one of the main protagonists in the Breton war of succession.
vindrent le conte d’Auçuerre, le conte
de Jouy, le sire de Friauville, le sire de Prie, le Begue
de Vilaines et pluseurs bons chevaliers et escuiers tous d’une sorte et droite gens d’armes. Ces nouvelles vindrent a messire Jehan de Monfort qui tenoit son
siege de vant Aulroy si le signifia feablement en la duchié
d’Acquitaine aux chevaliers et escuiers d’Engleterre qui la se tenoient,
especialment a messire Jehan Chandos en lui priant chierement que a ce grant
besoing il le voulsist venir conforter et conseillier et qu’il apparoit en Bretaigne un beau fait d’armes auquel tous seigneurs chevaliers et escuiers pour
avancier leur honneur devoient voulentiers en tendre. Quant messire Jehan Chandos se vit si affectueusement prié, si en parla a son seigneur le prince de Galles a savoir que bon en estoit a faire. Le prince l’en respondy qu’il y
pouoit bien aler sans forfait car ja faisoient les François partie contre
le dit conte en l’occasion de messire Charles de Bloys et qu’il l’en
donnoit bon congié. De ce fu moult liéz messire Jehan Chandos, si pria
pluseurs chevaliers et escuiers de la duchié d’Acquitaine mais petit en y alerent
s’ilz n’estoient Englois. Touteffois il emmena bien IIC lances et autant d’ar chiers et chevauça tant parmy Poitou et
Saintonge qu’il entra en Bretaigne et vint au siege devant
Aulroy au conte de Monfort, qui de sa venue fu grandement esjoiz. Aussi furent messire Olivier de Cliçon, messire Robert Canolle et
les autres. Et leur sembloit que mal ne leur pouoit avenir puis qu’ilz l’avoient en leur
com paigne. Si passerent la mer hastivement d’Engleterre en Bretaigne pluseurs chevaliers et escuiers qui desiroient leurs corps avan cier et
vindrent en l’aide du conte de Monfort. Si estoient bien Englois
et Bretons quant ilz furent tous ensemble XVIC
combatans chevaliers et escuiers et environ VIIIC ou IXC archiers.
SHF 1-531syncNous revenrons a messire Charles de
Bloys qui se tenoit en la bonne cité de Nantes. Et la faisoit son mandement de chevaliers et escuiers de toutes païs la ou il les pensoit avoir
et prioit les barons et chevaliers de Bretaigne dont il avoit receuz les
hommaiges qu’ilz lui voulsissent aidier a garder et defendre son heritage contre ses
ennemiz. Si vindrent des barons de Bretaigne pour lui servir le viconte de Rohen, le sire de Lyon, messire Charles de Diguant, le
sire de Rays, le sire de Rieux, le sire de Tournemine, le sire d’Ansenis, le sire de Malestret, le sire de Quintin, le sire de Vagour, le sire de Rochefort, le sire de Gargoule, le sire
de Lohiac, le sire du Pont et moult d’autres. Si se logierent a Nantes et es villaiges d’environ. Quant ilz furent tous assembléz on les esma a
XXVC lances parmy ceulx qui estoient venuz de France. Et conseillierent a messire Charles de chevaucier vers ses ennemiz.
Au congié prendre, madame la femme messire Charles de Bloys dist a son
mary : "Monseigneur, vous en aléz defendre mon heritage et le vostre
car ce qui est mien est vostre, lequel messire Jehan de Monfort nous empesche
sans cause ce scet Dieux et aussi les barons de Bretaigne qui cy son.
J’en sui droite heritiere si vous pri que a nulle composition ne accort ne vueilliés des cendre que le corps de la duchié ne nous demeure." Et son mary
lui eut en couvent. Adont prindrent congié tous les barons et seigneurs a leur dame qu’ilz tenoient pour duchesse. Si cheminerent tant qu’ilz vindrent
logier en la cité de Rennes et environ pour mieux entendre du couvenant de
leurs ennemiz.
SHF 1-532syncEntre Rennes et Aulroy la ou messire Jehan de Monfort seoit a VIII lieues
de paÿs, si vindrent ces nouvelles a ce siege que messire Charles de Bloys
approuchoit durement et avoit les plus belles gens d’armes les mieulx arméz et
ordonnéz que on eust onques mais veü yssir de France. Si commence rent ces compaignons a mettre leurs armeures a point et a refourbir leurs lances, leurs
dagues, leurs haches, leurs plates, haubergons, heaumes, bacinéz, visieres, espees et
toutes manieres de harnois. Et se trairent en conseil les capitaines de l’ost du conte
de Monfort. pb 181 r
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