Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
France, region in the west bounded by Anjou and Touraine to the north, Berry and Limousin to the east, Angoumois to the south, Aunis, La Rochelle and the Atlantic to the west, and Saintonge to the south-west; ceded to the English crown in 1360 under the Treaty of Brétigny; reconquered by Du Guesclin and granted as an apanage to the duke of Berry in 1372.
Edward of Woodstock, prince of Wales, the Black Prince
Edward of Woodstock (1330 - 1376), prince of Wales from 1343 (aged 12), and from 1362 prince of Aquitaine; popularly known as the Black Prince. He was the eldest son of king Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was knighted by his father on the Crécy campaign, the day after the English army landed at Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue. He married Joan of Kent on 10 October 1361. They had two sons, Edward, and Richard. His first son died young, in 1372. The Black Prince himself died on 8 June 1376, in Westminster. When king Edward III died the following year, he was succeded by Richard. The Black Prince was an effective, successful and popular military leader in the campaigns against France during the first part of the Hundred Years' War.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Enguerrand VII de Coucy (1340 - 1397), lord of Coucy, only son and successor of Enguerrand VI de Coucy. Enguerrand VII was considered to be among the most skilled and experienced of French knights in the fourteenth century; he was offered twice the position of constable of France, the highest military office in France, which he refused both times. A master of diplomacy, Coucy managed to maintain both his allegiance to the king of France and to his English father-in-law Edward III during the Hundred Years' War. However, Coucy resigned all of his English honours upon the accession of Richard II on 26 August 1377.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Enguerrand VII de Coucy (1340 - 1397), lord of Coucy, only son and successor of Enguerrand VI de Coucy. Enguerrand VII was considered to be among the most skilled and experienced of French knights in the fourteenth century; he was offered twice the position of constable of France, the highest military office in France, which he refused both times. A master of diplomacy, Coucy managed to maintain both his allegiance to the king of France and to his English father-in-law Edward III during the Hundred Years' War. However, Coucy resigned all of his English honours upon the accession of Richard II on 26 August 1377.
Enguerrand VII de Coucy (1340 - 1397), lord of Coucy, only son and successor of Enguerrand VI de Coucy. Enguerrand VII was considered to be among the most skilled and experienced of French knights in the fourteenth century; he was offered twice the position of constable of France, the highest military office in France, which he refused both times. A master of diplomacy, Coucy managed to maintain both his allegiance to the king of France and to his English father-in-law Edward III during the Hundred Years' War. However, Coucy resigned all of his English honours upon the accession of Richard II on 26 August 1377.
Enguerrand VII de Coucy (1340 - 1397), lord of Coucy, only son and successor of Enguerrand VI de Coucy. Enguerrand VII was considered to be among the most skilled and experienced of French knights in the fourteenth century; he was offered twice the position of constable of France, the highest military office in France, which he refused both times. A master of diplomacy, Coucy managed to maintain both his allegiance to the king of France and to his English father-in-law Edward III during the Hundred Years' War. However, Coucy resigned all of his English honours upon the accession of Richard II on 26 August 1377.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Avignon, on the river Rhône, administrative centre of the Vaucluse département. Seat of the Avignon papacy from 1309 until 1378 and, subsequent to that, seat of the first two 'clementine' popes: Clement VII and Benedict XIII.
Island kingdom bounded to the west by the Marcher lordships and the (still contested) principality of Wales conquered by Edward I; English lordships included parts of modern south Wales (from southern Pembrokeshire through Swansea, Cardiff and on towards Gloucester in England); bounded to the north by the kingdom of Scotland, to the east by the North Sea and to the south by the Channel; included Somerset, Devon and Cornwall to the south-west. Population up to the Black Death of 1348-9 approximately 4 million souls.
Edward of Woodstock, prince of Wales, the Black Prince
Edward of Woodstock (1330 - 1376), prince of Wales from 1343 (aged 12), and from 1362 prince of Aquitaine; popularly known as the Black Prince. He was the eldest son of king Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was knighted by his father on the Crécy campaign, the day after the English army landed at Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue. He married Joan of Kent on 10 October 1361. They had two sons, Edward, and Richard. His first son died young, in 1372. The Black Prince himself died on 8 June 1376, in Westminster. When king Edward III died the following year, he was succeded by Richard. The Black Prince was an effective, successful and popular military leader in the campaigns against France during the first part of the Hundred Years' War.
Edward of Woodstock, prince of Wales, the Black Prince
Edward of Woodstock (1330 - 1376), prince of Wales from 1343 (aged 12), and from 1362 prince of Aquitaine; popularly known as the Black Prince. He was the eldest son of king Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was knighted by his father on the Crécy campaign, the day after the English army landed at Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue. He married Joan of Kent on 10 October 1361. They had two sons, Edward, and Richard. His first son died young, in 1372. The Black Prince himself died on 8 June 1376, in Westminster. When king Edward III died the following year, he was succeded by Richard. The Black Prince was an effective, successful and popular military leader in the campaigns against France during the first part of the Hundred Years' War.
SHF 1-607syncComment
les seigneurs de France qui estoient ostagiers en Engleterre
se delivroient. De ceste responce grande et fiere n’en penserent mie le roy de France ne ses consauls moins et se pourveirent selon ce
couvertement. A ce dont estoit retourné de France en Engleterre par grace que le roy lui avoit fait, messire Jehan de France duc de Berry et avoit congié un an mais il prist tant d’excusances et dissimulations qu’il
n’y retourna onques puis. Aussi messire Guillaume conte de Harecourt estoit
retourné en sa maison. Et lui avoit le roy d’Engleterre fait grace a la priere de
monseigneur Loÿs de Harecourt son oncle qui estoit de Poitou
et pour le temps des chevaliers du prince. Lequel conte de Harecourt eut
une maladie qui lui dura tant que la guerre fu toute ouverte, pourquoy onques puis
ne rentra en Engleterre. Guy de Blois, qui pour
le temps estoit joenne escuier et frere au conte de Bloys, quant il vit que le roy de France, pour qui il estoit hostagier, ne le delivreroit point, il fist traitier
devers le seigneur de Coucy qui avoit a femme la fille du roy d’Engleterre
et qui tenoit a ce jour grant revenue en Engleterre depar sa femme assigné sur les coffres du roy. Si se porta traittié entre le dit roy, le seigneur de Coucy son filz et Guy de Blois que le dit
Guy par le consentement de ses II freres, Loÿs et Jehan, et l’accort du roy de France resigna es
mains du roy d’Engleterre, la conté de Soissons, laquelle conté
le roy d’Engleterre rendi et donna a son filz le seigneur de Coucy. Et
de ce le sire de Coucy le quitta de IIIIM frans de revenue
par an. Et par tant Guy de Blois fu delivré d’Engleterre.
Le conte Pierre de Lançon estoit aussi retourne d’Engleterre par grace si paia puis XXXM frans pour sa foy
acquitter. Paravant ce le duc de Bourbon qui aussi estoit hostagier
en France par grace estoit retournéz, si avint endementiers qu’il
se tenoit a Paris deléz le roy son serourge que l’evesque
de Vincestre chancellier d’Engleterre trespassa de ce siecle. A ce dont regnoit en Engleterre un prestre nommé messire Guillaume Wican.
Cil estoit moult
bien du roy d’Engleterre. Lequel roy
escript au duc de Bourbon qu’il se voulsist tant pour l’amour de lui traveillier
que d’aler devers le pape et empetrer pour le dit Wican son chappelain l’eveschié de Wincestre. Et il lui seroit courtois a sa prison. Cest affaire
moustra le duc de Bourbon au roy de France qui lui conseilla bien de faire le voiage. Lors se parti le duc et son arroy et ala en Avignon ou il trouva le pape Urbain, qui encore n’estoit point raléz a Rome, auquel Saint Pere le duc de Bourbon fist sa priere. Et le
pape donna au duc l’eveschié de Vincestre a faire en sa
voulenté et s’il trouvoit le roy d’Engleterre amiable a sa composition il vouloit bien que le dit Wican l’eust. Sur tel estat retourna le duc de Bourbon en France et puis en Engleterre. Et traitta de sa
delivrance devers le roy et son conseil ainçois qu’il voulsist moustrer
ses bulles. Le roy qui moult amoit ce Wican fist tout ce qu’il voult et fu le duc de Bourbon quitte de sa prison mais encore paia il XXM frans. Et messire Guillaume Wican demoura evesque de
Wincestre et chancellier d’Engleterre.
SHF 1-608syncComment la guerre commença qui s’esmut par l’appel des Gascoings. Vous devéz savoir que le prince de Galles prist en
grant despit l’ad journement que on lui avoit fait a estre a Paris. Et bien
estoit son entention sur la responce qu’il avoit faite aux messages du roy de France que sur l’esté qui venoit, il venroit tenir son siege et remoustrer sa personne a la feste du Lendit et envoia tantost devers les cappitaines des com paignes Englois et Gascoings qui estoient de son accort et
lesquelx se tenoient sur la riviere de Loire qu’ilz ne s’esloingnassent mie trop.
Car temprement il en aroit a faire et les ensomneroit desquelles nouvelles les plus des
compaignes estoient tous joieux. A ce n’eust point le prince failli mais de jour
en jour il agrevoit d’enfle et de maladie qu’il avoit conceve en Espaigne
dont ses gens estoient tous esbahiz car ja ne pouoit il point chevaucier. Et de ce estoit
le roy de France tout enformé et de l’estat et afaire de luipb 207 r
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