Philip van Artevelde

Philip van Artevelde (c. 1340 - 1382), son of the revolutionary leader of Ghent, Jacob van Artevelde. He became captain of Ghent during the revolt of 1380, taking the title of rewaert (regent or leader) in January 1382. He was killed at the battle of Westrozebeke.

Oudenaarde

Oudenaarde (East Flanders), Belgium

Philip van Artevelde

Philip van Artevelde (c. 1340 - 1382), son of the revolutionary leader of Ghent, Jacob van Artevelde. He became captain of Ghent during the revolt of 1380, taking the title of rewaert (regent or leader) in January 1382. He was killed at the battle of Westrozebeke.

Tournai

Tournai (Hainault), Belgium

Péronne

Péronne (Somme), France.

John, duke of Berry

John duke of Berry (1340 - 1416), third son of king John II of France and Bonne of Luxemburg, brother of king Charles V of France, and uncle of king Charles VI. John married Jeanne d'Armagnac, the daughter of count Jean I and sister of count Jean II. John of Berry, with his brother Philip, duke of Burgundy, were dominant figures in the French kingdom and in French politics during most of Charles VI's reign, first due to the minority of the king, and later because of his insanity.

Philip the Bold, duke of Burgundy (d. 1404)

Philippe, known as 'the Bold', duke of Burgundy (1342 - 1404), fourth son of Jean II of France and Bonne of Luxemburg. The duke of Burgundy was a prominent figure in the government of France during the reign of his nephew Charles VI, especially after 1392 when the king began to suffer from recurring bouts of insanity that gave the dukes of Berry and Burgundy the opportunity to seize power from Charles VI's trusted administrators, known as the Marmousets. Philippe married Margaret de Male, countess of Flanders, and this marriage eventually not only reunited the duchy of Burgundy with the 'free' counties of Burgundy and Artois, but also brought the wealthy counties of Flanders, Nevers and Rethel under the control of the duke of Burgundy. Thus this marriage alliance, and the consequent marriages of the duke of Burgundy's children, created the basis for the Grand Duchy of the West, a quasi-independent state rather than a mere fief of the French crown.

Louis II, duke of Bourbon (d. 1410)

Louis II, duke of Bourbon (1337 - 1410); the eldest son of Pierre I, duke of Bourbon, and Isabella de Valois. He was king Charles VI's maternal uncle, and he married Anne d'Auvergne in 1371.

Flanders

County of Flanders, a historical region in the Low Countries.

Philip van Artevelde

Philip van Artevelde (c. 1340 - 1382), son of the revolutionary leader of Ghent, Jacob van Artevelde. He became captain of Ghent during the revolt of 1380, taking the title of rewaert (regent or leader) in January 1382. He was killed at the battle of Westrozebeke.

River Lys

Lys (French) or Leie (Dutch), a river in France and Belgium.

Louis II de Male, count of Flanders (d. 1384)

Louis de Male (1330 - 1384), count of Flanders, Nevers and Rethel, son of Louis I of Nevers, count of Flanders and Margaret of Burgundy. He married Margaret of Brabant.

Péronne

Péronne (Somme), France.

Artois

Tournai

Tournai (Hainault), Belgium

Flemish

Péronne

Péronne (Somme), France.

Louis II de Male, count of Flanders (d. 1384)

Louis de Male (1330 - 1384), count of Flanders, Nevers and Rethel, son of Louis I of Nevers, count of Flanders and Margaret of Burgundy. He married Margaret of Brabant.

Flemish

Louis II de Male, count of Flanders (d. 1384)

Louis de Male (1330 - 1384), count of Flanders, Nevers and Rethel, son of Louis I of Nevers, count of Flanders and Margaret of Burgundy. He married Margaret of Brabant.

Hesdin

France

The kingdom of France, populated up until the Black Death of 1348-9 by 12-16 millions souls and including up to the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) the Ile-de-France together with the apanages of Normandy, Anjou, Bourbon, Champagne, Valois, Auvergne and Languedoc, plus a number of important fiefs such as the counties of Blois, Nevers and Foix, and (from 1349) Montpellier and the Dauphiné; diminished from 1354 by the growing activity and influence in the Cotentin and other parts of Normandy of the king of Navarre, Charles of Evreux, and by English conquests resulting in an enlarged duchy of Guyenne (essentially Gascony; will become the principality of Aquitaine) stretching from the borders of the great and at times pro-English duchy of Brittany to the Pyrenees (save for the neutral county of Béarn) and eastwards to embrace the Poitou, Limousin and Rouergue (on the border with the Languedoc); Ponthieu and Guines are also in English hands. The French re-conquest under Charles V and Du Guesclin progressively drives the English from the realm, leaving them (by 1370-80) the ports of Calais, Cherbourg, Brest, Bordeaux and Bayonne, and a much-reduced Aquitaine. Brittany returns to French allegiance from 1365 onwards (Treaty of Guérande).

Arras

Arras (Pas-de-Calais), France.

Flemish

Auvergne

France, central region at the heart of the Massif Central covering approximately the modern departments of Cantal, Puy-de-Dôme and (parts of) Haute-Loire; bounded to the north by the duchy of Bourbon, the west by Limousin, the south by Viadene, the south-east by Gévaudan and the south-west by Quercy. Major towns: Clermont, Montferrand and Riom.

Rouergue

France, Midi-Pyrénées; corresponds approximately to the modern department of Aveyron; traversed from east to west by the River Aveyron which flows through Rodez, the major city; bounded to the north by Viadene and Auvergne; the west by the Causses de Gramat and Limogne, and by Quercy; the south by Languedoc and the east by Gévaudan and the Causses du Larzac; to the north-east by the Causse de Sauveterre; (ceded to the English in 1360 under the treaty of Brétigny; held by them until early 1369).

Quercy

France, Aquitanian Basin, modern Midi-Pyrénées region; covering approximately the modern departments of Lot and Tarn-et-Garonne; bounded to the north by Limousin, the west by Périgord and Agenais, the south by Gascony and Languedoc, and to the east by Rouergue and Auvergne; limestone plateaux and deep valleys; upper Quercy extends northwards from the diocesan city of Cahors as far as Souillac, Rocamadour, Martel, Bretenoux and Castelnau; lower Quercy (ceded to the English by the 1259 treaty of Paris) to the south as far as Moissac and Montauban. Held by the English from 1360 (treaty of Brétigny) until late 1369.

Toulousain

Gascony

Limousin

France, centre (modern departments of Corrèze, Creuse and Haute-Vienne); bounded to the north-east by La Marche, the east by Auvergne, the north-west by Poitou, the west by Périgord and Angoumois, and the south by Quercy. Principal city: Limoges, many of whose surrounding fortresses (including Chalusset, Rochechouart, Isle, Châlus, etc) were occupied by routier garrisons during the early 1370s.

Poitou

France, region in the west bounded by Anjou and Touraine to the north, Berry and Limousin to the east, Angoumois to the south, Aunis, La Rochelle and the Atlantic to the west, and Saintonge to the south-west; ceded to the English crown in 1360 under the Treaty of Brétigny; reconquered by Du Guesclin and granted as an apanage to the duke of Berry in 1372.

Saintonge

France, western; area centred on Saintes and bounded to the north by Aunis and Poitou, the east by Angoumois, the south by Guienne-Aquitaine, and to the west by the Atlantic. Roughly equivalent to today’s Charente-Maritime, plus part of Charente; a territory of the inheritance acquired by the English under Henry II through his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine; retaken by Du Guesclin 1371-2 and reintegrated into the French crown domains.

Brittany

The duchy of Brittany, to the northwest of France.

Bourbonnais

The Bourbonnais, a region to the north of the Massif Central, roughly equivalent to the modern-day département of the Allier.

Duchy of Burgundy

Burgundy, a region in the east of France whose unity was based more upon historical than geographical factors.

Savoy

Savoy, France.

Lorraine

County of Bar

France

The kingdom of France, populated up until the Black Death of 1348-9 by 12-16 millions souls and including up to the Treaty of Brétigny (1360) the Ile-de-France together with the apanages of Normandy, Anjou, Bourbon, Champagne, Valois, Auvergne and Languedoc, plus a number of important fiefs such as the counties of Blois, Nevers and Foix, and (from 1349) Montpellier and the Dauphiné; diminished from 1354 by the growing activity and influence in the Cotentin and other parts of Normandy of the king of Navarre, Charles of Evreux, and by English conquests resulting in an enlarged duchy of Guyenne (essentially Gascony; will become the principality of Aquitaine) stretching from the borders of the great and at times pro-English duchy of Brittany to the Pyrenees (save for the neutral county of Béarn) and eastwards to embrace the Poitou, Limousin and Rouergue (on the border with the Languedoc); Ponthieu and Guines are also in English hands. The French re-conquest under Charles V and Du Guesclin progressively drives the English from the realm, leaving them (by 1370-80) the ports of Calais, Cherbourg, Brest, Bordeaux and Bayonne, and a much-reduced Aquitaine. Brittany returns to French allegiance from 1365 onwards (Treaty of Guérande).

Artois

Louis II de Male, count of Flanders (d. 1384)

Louis de Male (1330 - 1384), count of Flanders, Nevers and Rethel, son of Louis I of Nevers, count of Flanders and Margaret of Burgundy. He married Margaret of Brabant.

Artois

Arras

Arras (Pas-de-Calais), France.

Manuscript reading: Artoit

Emended reading: Artois

Manuscript reading: pris

Emended reading: esté pris

Manuscript reading: qui ne seroit ja plus soustenu

Emended reading: et ce ne seroit point soustenu

Manuscript reading: vouoit

Emended reading: vouloit